Solid State Lighting and changed situation for lighting conditions. The Future of Energy Efficient Lighting November 28-30. 2011. Katrineholm, Sweden Marc Fontoynont, Professor [email protected]Statens Byggeforskningsinstitut, Aalborg University AU Danish Technical University, Fotonik
49
Embed
Solid State Lighting and changed situation for lighting ...ceebel.se/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Marc-Fontoynont.pdf · Marc Fontoynont, Professor . [email protected] . Statens
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Solid State Lighting and changed situation for lighting conditions.
The Future of Energy Efficient Lighting November 28-30. 2011. Katrineholm, Sweden
Statens Byggeforskningsinstitut, Aalborg University AU Danish Technical University, Fotonik
What we know, what we do not know…. We know that light is indispensable for life on earth (as water, air and nutritients) We know is is essential from our well-being We know various visual, non visual, psychological, cognitive ways we react to light.
What we observe: We NEED light, we LOVE light! We love light at night (we do not like darkness) We are sensitive to the beauty and emotion of light 15-25 % of the cost of a building into facades, glazing, shading, lighting 19% of the electricity produced worldwide is for lighting 20 to 40% of the primary energy required by offices is for lighting In France, street lighting and city beautification is 50% of the annual electricity budgets of cities.
– Solid-State Lighting Research and Development: Multi Year Program Plan, March 2011 http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/ssl/ssl_manuf-roadmap_july2011.pdf
Annual amortized cost of illumination delivered as a function of the lighting scenario (units : € / Mlm.hr per year) for various daylighting and electric lighting options. Source: Light & Buildings, Marc Fontoynont, 2008
Long term economical approach: Annual Total Cost of Ownership of lighting schemes
First experiences with fluorescent, high-pressure sodium and filtered metal halide lamps for supermarket lighting « Role of Gamut appears important, - saturation of colours - opportunities for SSL »
Source: field testing of supermarket lighting, GIRUS, ENTPE, Auchan Supermarkets, 1997-1998
Test of satisfaction of observers of various complexion and hair type with various light spectra. Warm white fluorescent and LED mix, 2700K - 220lux . 16 LED cluster randomly presented. 63 observers.
Results or all complexion and hair type, observers tend to prefer neutral spectra, offering highest possible CRI. Lower opportunities for LEDs, only high CRI, warm white. CCT can be function of race, not LED mixing
Use of panels of observers appears relevant, and complementary to optimization based on maximizing CRI, or minimizing spectral difference with Planck’s curve. Adjusting Correlated Colour Temperature (CCT) appears a useful exercice.
SSL for museum lighting Monna Lisa Lighting with LEDs,
Monna Lisa Led Spotlight, Design Marc Fontoynont and SKLAER Lighting, Germany, 2003-2005. Assistance Fraen (Italy), ENTPE (France), Russian Automotive University (Russia), Optileds (USA)
Field comparison of Metal Halide and High Pressure sodium Lighting: comparison based on object detection, road sign reading, face recognition under various power densities. Results: Improvement of spectral caracteristics lead to possibilities to reduce power, except for some specific targets. Source: EVALUM 3, City of Lyon, ADEME, Philips Lighting, EDF, INSA, ENTPE, 2007
Lighting with LEDs in narrow streets of Lyon: Benchmarking of LED solutions vs Mercury lamps: analysis by 60 observers: glare aspects, optimal spatial distribution, colour rendering, colour temperatures
Source: EVALUM 4, City of Lyon, ADEME, EDF, Philips Lighting, INSA, ENTPE, 2009
Test feasibility, on-site performance and acceptability of SSL
Standard schemes, uniform lighting, 500lx, fluorescent recessed luminaires 7 to 12 W/m2
Ambient/ task lighting, 200 lx / 500lx using 100 % SSL, matching new EN 12 464-1 standard, 4,5 W /m2
Source: Lighting analysis ENTPE for GIE-Positive Energy Buidlings / Bouygues-Philips Lighting, Oct 2009
Opportunities for LEDs: Task-ambient lighting schemes allow improved balance of light distribution. Opportunities for wall washers. But verify glare issues.
Tests conducted with a panel of 30 observers, 2008 SSL preferred: higher functionality offered by increased number of light points, cabinet lighting.
Issues related to modulations of intensities, spectra and colours Large amount of claims, little robust evidence…. Blue/red light (see Mars 500 programme) LED Therapy, chromotherapy, pulse colored light, etc.
“In Less Than 7 Minutes, You Too Can Experience The Most Natural, Non-Invasive Healing Therapy Known To Man—Delivered Directly Through Your Computer Screen!”
Grass Ground Stones Water Leaves GreySky BlueSky GreenWater
Possible direction for lighting, winter season Compensate deprivation of daylight Maximize daylight access at mid-day Possibly simulate daylight early morning and late afternoon Investigate more dramatic approach in windowless work places
Exploration of Daylight simulation specifications (1998-2001) till now. Simulation of Sunlight, Skylights and reflexions on ground Study of acceptance / preference over one day, 3 years, then 10 years Mode synchronous / non synchronous / free control by users
Daylight Simulation Tests / Results: High acceptability in windowless spaces (> 10 years of use) Synchronous mode not preferred Individual control / Over-ride indispensable Non-natural spectra sometimes preferred (end of day)
Minimum Performance requirements for 5 product categories
TASK 1: QUALITY ASSURANCE
Non- directional Lamps
Directional Lamps
Downlight Fixtures
LED Linear Fluorescent replacement lamps
Outdoor Luminaires
• Tier 0 Performance suitable to replace kerosene and candle lighting with sufficient reliability and minimum costs.
• Tier 1 Minimum acceptable performance for products that connect to the electric grid.
• Tier 2 Performance equivalent to energy-efficient lighting products defined in national labeling programs. Quality, output and efficacies similar to products they replace.
• Tier 3 Highest performing SSL products available in 2011. • Tier 4 Next generation products: High-performance SSL
products expected to enter the market in 2014. Philosophy: health aspects non negociable, SSL performance higher that product they replace.
Conclusion: Distribution of roles for increased confidence in SSL and development of innovative lighting schemes Industry / distributors / lighting professionals: Develop new concepts, new products, new standards (Zhaga, etc.), new applications. Solve cost / reliability issues. Promote brands, develop guaranties, train professionals Governments: Influence market to develop /maintain quality of life, health, security, economic development, sustainability. Manage energy policy. Develop regulations. Request evidence / proof of performance-quality Scientific and academic organizations: Develop knowledge, bottom-up and top-down, produce evidence, link scientific fields, organize exchanges, publish, develop education, measurement capabilities. … And think global!