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Extra Heavy Oil in CanadaSeparasjonsteknologi 2007, 26.09.2007By Martin V. Solberg, Statoil ASA

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Why Heavy- and Extra Heavy Oil?

Sources of new project liquids for majors (Source: Gordon Energy Solutions)

Statoil EHO Experience:

Sincor, Venezuela In production, 200 000bbl/d

Statoil North American Oil Sands Corporation (NAOSC), Canada First production is planned for late 2009/early 2010 from the Leismer demonstration

project (10 000 bbl/d). The portfolio is expected to yield more than 200,000 barrels per

day at the end of next decade.

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What is Heavy Oil?

Model of Asphaltene in Venezuelan Crude; Viscosity & densities(Image Source: www.uic.edu/Unknown)

High density and viscosity Heavy Oil: Density from 20 to 10 API with

reservoir viscosity in the range of about 50 to 2000 cp.

Extra Heavy Oil: Density less than 10 API withreservoir viscosity higher than 1000 cp.

Low hydrogen to carbon ratios

High boiling point and a high molecular weight (e.g. C60+)

Typically high contents of aromatics, asphaltenes, heavy

metals, sulphur, nitrogen, wax, resins, naphtenic acids andnaturally occurring emulsifiers and foaming components

Specialized refining processing is often required

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Heavy Oil

U p s t r e am

Conventional OilsValue Chain & Production Methods

Condensate

Dilbit

Syncrude

Synbit

Syncrude

U p gr a d er

Naphta

Dilbit

M ar k e t

R ef i n er y

Naphta

Gasoline

Diesel

Etc.

Asphalt

Crude

Mi ni n

g

R e s er v oi r

EHOSand

R e s er v oi r

C ol d

EHO / HO

R e s er v oi r

H o t EHO/Bitumen

& Water emulsion

Steam

R e s er v oi r

V a p ex

Solvent

DilutedEHO/Bitumen

R e s er v oi r

I n- s i t u

c om b u s t i on

EHO / HO

Air

U p s t r e am

R e s er v oi r

Crude

Pressure Support

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Mining Typically reservoir depth

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Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD)

SAGD is typically suitable for :

Reservoir depth >100 m

Solid or liquid bitumen at reservoir T&P

Reservoir pressure < critical pressure for water/steam

(Image Source: http://www.statoil.com/)

Reservoir is heatedwith steam to makethe oil mobile

Bitumen/wateremulsion is pumped

up to the surface at

Production Pads

Separation ofbitumen, water, gasand sand at a Central

Processing Facility

Water is recycled forsteam generation

Bitumen is diluted orupgraded

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SAGD Facilities

Production Pads Gathering networks

Central Processing Facility (CPF) Water Treatment Steam generation Separation

SAGD Facilities; SAGD CPF and PAD, Alberta, Canada (Image Source: Internet)

Simplified SAGD process scheme (Image Source: Statoil/MEG Worley Parson)

CPF

Pads

Wellpairs

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Challeng es Vulnerable En vironment Wetlands , Wildlife, Ac cess Roads &

Pipelines,

Aboriginals/Fir st Nations Water

Make-up water & Disposal without interference ofground water

Process Wastes Project Execution Challenges

Location, Transportation, Skilled Personnel Emissions to Air

Global Emissions: CO2 Local Emissions: NOx, SOx, etc.

(Image Source: David Dodge, The Pembina Institute)

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Opportunities Improved well-control & reservoir knowledge = reduced SOR

CO2 capturing & deposit

Technology advancements: Water Treatment, Steam Generation & Zero Liquid Discharge

Alternative production methods

Cogeneration Value chain optimisations and synergies

Facility and environment monitoring and continious follow-up

Reclamation of land & planting of trees Future developement of cities and industry in the area

ICO2N is a CO2 capture and disposal organisation (Photo: David Dodge, The Pembina Institute);

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Questions ?

Oil Sand, EHO, Syncrude, Processing Facility, SAGD Facility with Pads(Image Source: Unknown (Internet) / Encana / Google Earth)