10/26/2017 1 SOLAR SYSTEM NOTES Our Solar System is composed of: 1. The Sun 2. The Planets 3. Asteroids 4. Comets 5. Meteors 6. Natural & Artificial satellites Remember: How old is our Solar System? Scientists believe its at least 4.6 billion years old!!! ENERGY TRANSFERS • Radiation - a process in which energy travels through vacuum (without a medium) • Conduction – a process in which energy travels through a medium • Convection - The transfer of heat through the movement of particles RADIATION FROM THE SUN • 99.86% of the mass of the solar system • Primary source of energy, light, and heat. • The planets are lit because of the light we see reflected from the Sun. SUN’S STRUCTURE Under the Surface • Photosphere • Convection zone • Radiation zone • Core Above the surface: • Sunspots • Corona • Solar flares • Solar Wind
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10/26/2017
1
SOLAR SYSTEM
NOTES
Our Solar System is composed of:
1. The Sun
2. The Planets
3. Asteroids
4. Comets
5. Meteors
6. Natural & Artificial satellites
Remember:
How old is our Solar System?
Scientists believe its
at least 4.6 billion
years old!!!
ENERGY TRANSFERS
• Radiation - a process in which energy travels
through vacuum (without a medium)
• Conduction – a process in which energy travels
through a medium
• Convection - The transfer of heat through the
movement of particles
RADIATION FROM THE SUN
• 99.86% of the mass of the solar system
• Primary source of energy, light, and heat.
• The planets are lit because of the light we
see reflected from the Sun.
SUN’S STRUCTUREUnder the Surface
• Photosphere
• Convection zone
• Radiation zone
• Core
Above the surface:
• Sunspots
• Corona
• Solar flares
• Solar Wind
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Surface of the Sun
appears granulated:
Hot material
(light) rises
to top while
cold material
(dark) drops
down
Proof of convection
underneath surface!!!
SUN SPOTS
• temporary phenomena on the photosphere
• dark spots compared to surrounding regions
• Early astronomers like Galileo observed these to
prove the Sun rotates on an axis.
PHOTOSPHERE
• Photo in Latin means “light”
• Outer layer of the Sun
• Where the light we see comes from.
CORONA
• Latin for “crown”
• extending millions of
kilometers into space,
most easily seen
during a total solar
eclipse (moon in front)
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HELIOSCOPE
• “Helio” Greek for Sun
• “scope” optical device
• an instrument used in
observing the sun and sun spots Typically last
only minutes.
SPICULES
• Short-lived, narrow jets of gas spewed from surface