Solar mission

Solar mission

Done by Kundana

contents INTRODUCTION-SUNSOLAR POWERADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

OF SOLAR POWERSOLAR CELLSSOLAR PANELSHISTORYPRESENTFUTUREGRATITUDE

introduction

The Sun is the star at the center of the solar system. It is almost perfectly spherical and consists of hot plasma interwoven with magnetic fields. Sunlight is Earth's primary source of energy.  Sunlight at the top of Earth's atmosphere is composed (by total energy) of about 50% infrared light, 40% visible light, and 10% ultraviolet light.

SOLAR POWERSolar power is energy from

the sun and without its presence all life on earth would end. Solar energy has been looked upon as a serious source of energy for many years because of the vast amounts of energy that are made freely available, if harnessed by modern technology.

ADVANTAGES 1. Solar energy is free.

2. Solar energy does not cause pollution 3. Solar energy can be used in remote areas

where it is expensive  to extend the electricity power grid.

4. Many everyday items such as calculators and other low power consuming devices can be

powered by solar energy effectively. 5. It is estimated that the world’s oil reserves will last for 30-40 years. On the other hand, solar

energy is infinite (forever).

DISADVANTAGES1. Solar energy can only be harnessed when it is daytime

and sunny.2. Solar collectors, panels and cells are relatively

expensive to manufacture.4. In countries such as the UK, the unreliable climate

means that solar energy is also unreliable as a source of energy.

5. Large areas of land are required to capture the suns energy.

6. Solar power is used to charge batteries. However, the batteries are large and heavy and need storage space.

They also need replacing from time to time.

SOLAR CELLS

The solar cells that you see on calculators and satellites are also called photovoltaic (PV) cells, which as the name implies (photo meaning "light" and voltaic meaning "electricity"), convert sunlight directly into electricity. A module is a group of cells connected electrically and packaged into a frame (more commonly known as a solar panel), which can then be grouped into larger solar arrays.

The solar cell works in several steps:• Photons in sunlight hit the solar panel and are absorbed by semiconducting materials, such as silicon.• Electrons are excited from their current molecular/atomic orbital. Once excited an electron can either dissipate the energy as heat and return to its orbital or travel through the cell until it reaches an electrode. Current flows through the material to cancel the potential and this electricity is captured.• An array of solar cells converts solar energy into a usable amount of direct current (DC) electricity.• An inverter can convert the power to alternating current

How they work

SOLAR PANELS

A solar panel is a set of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure.

Solar modules use light energy (photons) from the sun to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect.

HISTORYThe Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (also known as the National Solar Mission) is a major initiative of the Government of India and State Governments to promote ecologically sustainable growth while addressing India’s energy security challenges. It will also constitute a major contribution by India to the global effort to meet the challenges of climate change. Named for Jawaharlal Nehru, the Mission is one of the several initiatives that are part of National Action Plan on Climate Change.United States filed a case with WTO against India for restricting the critical materials used to domestic content.

futureIndia’s National Solar Mission, launched in 2010, seeks to catalyze widely accessible and affordablebreakthrough solar technologies to power India’s rapidly growing economy. The Mission aims to install 20,000 megawatts (MW) of grid-connected solar power and 2,000 MW of off-grid solar power projects by 2022. The Mission encourages both solar photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal technologies, and promotes solar energy in diverse applications like lighting and cooking.

Done by Kundana