Duke University Some mechanisms of soil-plant-atmosphere interaction Marco Marani (Univ. di Padova & Duke Univ.) Gabriele Manoli (U. di Padova & Duke U.) Sara Bonetti (Duke U.) Valeria Volpe (U. di Padova) Gabriel Katul (Duke U.) John Albertson (Duke U.) Jean Cristophe Domec (Duke U.& U. de Bordeaux) Mario Putti (U. di Padova) Interdisciplinary Workshop on Frontiers in Hydrology and Hydrogeoscience 89 May 2014, Venice International University, Venice, Italy
Marco Marani, from Padova University and Duke, presented a work on the soil-water-plants continuum. He emphasize the role of roots in modifying the soil water distribution, otherwise controlled by Darcy flows. However, he also studied and talked about the influence of the soil-plants-atmosphere continuum.
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Duke University
Some mechanisms of soil-plant-atmosphere interaction
!Marco Marani (Univ. di Padova & Duke Univ.)
Gabriele Manoli (U. di Padova & Duke U.) Sara Bonetti (Duke U.)
Valeria Volpe (U. di Padova) Gabriel Katul (Duke U.)
John Albertson (Duke U.) Jean Cristophe Domec (Duke U.& U. de Bordeaux)
Mario Putti (U. di Padova)
Interdisciplinary Workshop on Frontiers in Hydrology and Hydrogeoscience
8-9 May 2014, Venice International University, Venice, Italy
Soil-plant-atmosphere interactions are important
Pe
Pi
PET
Atmospheric Input
Atmospheric Output
Incoming Runoff
Outgoing Runoff
Study Region
Global water cycle Regional water recycling
Terrestrial Carbon cycle
Crop responses to…
Vegetated soil Bare soil
Soil moisture dynamics in vegetated and bare soils
Volp
e et
al.,
201
3
Transpiration and Photosynthesis, an often-neglected coupling
Transpiration and Photosynthesis An often-neglected coupling
Importance of root distribution (li) in determining overall resistance to flow.
( ) ( )[ ] xRRLLxLR AzzψgT ⋅+−+⋅−= ψψψ ),(
( ) ( )[ ] riiRRiLRi Azzgq ⋅+−+⋅−= ψψψψ ),(
cwLsLw ALAIVPDgaf ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅= εψψ )()(
Soil-Plant-Atmosphere continuum model
Leaf-Atmosphere
Xylem-Leaf
Root-Xylem ΨR
ΨL
CO2
gx
gsgs
T
0=∂
∂−
∂
∂
s
w
s
c
gf
gf
λ
(Katul et al., 2010)
( )Lsg ψ
( )[ ] ( )Lrsw
ws qzKKtS
tSS ψψψϕ
ψ ,++∇⋅∇=∂
∂+
∂
∂
Variably saturated flow (Cathy):
H2O
(Volpe et al., 2011)
Volpe et al., 2013; Manoli et al., 2014(Paniconi and Putti, 1994)
Conservation Eqs. (well mixed ABL ): ABL potential temperature, Ta
Specific humidity, w
( )[ ] ( )Lrsw
ws qzKKtS
tSS ψψψϕ
ψ ,++∇⋅∇=∂
∂+
∂
∂
Bonetti et al., 2014
Modeled ABL-LCL intersection and observed rainfall
Soil-Plant-ABL model
Atmospheric feedback
When atmospheric feedback
Is turned off
RAIN
NO RAIN
Moi
stur
e fro
m F
ree
Atm
osph
ere
Conclusions
Importance of water vertical redistribution in increasing water availability to plants. Relative role of root vs. Darcy water redistribution; overlapping root systems enhance water stress but do not alter averaged Transpiration vs. mean soil moisture relations; the role of vegetation controls and WT fluctuations on the predisposition of convective rainfall Coupled carbon and water uptake modeling contribute to understanding collective responses of carbon and water cycles.
ρ [Ωm]
200
40
120
Challenges and Opportunities
Getting the right results for the right reason requires space-time characterizations of active root biomass: ERT and SPA modeling to play an important role. Root biomass allocation strategies: SPA modeling and Space-time active root mapping to yield insight into biomass allocation strategies. Climate change responses of the SPA system: subgrid parameterization?