SOIL DEGRADATION AND CONSERVATION

SOIL

FACTS ABOUT

SOIL

45%

25%

25%5%

Soil CompositionMineral MaterWaterAirOrganic Material

SOIL DEGRADATION

WHAT IS SOIL

DEGRADATION?

Soil degradation has been defined as a process that leads to decline in the fertility or future productive capacity of soil as a result of human activity .

WHAT CAUSES SOIL DEGRADATION?

Nutrient disorderMost of the Indian soils are deficient

in nutrients and organic matter. Organic matter is rapidly

decomposed and leached or eroded by heavy rains.

BEFORE AFTER

Soils become water-logged when the water balance of an area is disturbed because of excess recharge.

WATER-LOGGING

SALINITYSalinity directly affects the

productivity by making the soil unsuitable for crop growth.

Indirectly it lowers productivity through its adverse effects on the

availability of nutrients. The adverse effect of alkalinity on availability of nutrients is due to deflocculating

effect of sodium ions.

IMPACTS OF SOIL DEGRADATION

SOIL

CONSERVATION

Soil conservation is the prevention of soil loss from erosion or reduced fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil contamination.

METHODS FOR SOIL

CONSERVATION

1. CONTOUR PLOWING

2. TERRACING OR TERRACE FARMING

3. KEYLINE DESIGN

4. PERIMETER RUNOFF CONTROL

5. Windbreaks

6.COVER CROPS/CROP ROTATION

7. SOIL-CONSERVATION FARMING

8. Salinity management

PRESENTED BY: 1.HARI PRASAD .E 2.ABHISHEK .V 3.DHEENA .MC 4.KISHORE .M 5.VIVEKANAND .A 6.HAREESH .P 7.ARUN KUMAR .K 8.SWATHESWARAN .V