Software Language Evolution

Software Language Evolution

Sander VermolenEelco Visser

This research was supported by NWO/JACQUARD project638.001.610, MoDSE: Model­Driven Software Evolution.

Data Models

Username :: varcharemail :: tinytext

Pagetitle :: varcharauthor Usercontent :: text

Username bob email  [email protected]

Pagetitle "The first page"content  "Hello world"author bob

Version history

Username :: varcharemail :: tinytext

Pagetitle :: varcharcontent :: textauthor User

Username :: varcharemail :: tinytext

Pagetitle :: varchar

Revisionpage PagerevisionText :: textauthor User

Username bob email  b.johnson@...

Page 1title "The first page"content  "Hello world"author bob

Username bob email  b.johnson@...

Page 1title "The first page"

Revision 1page {page 1}revisionText "Hello world"author bob

Coupled Data Evolution

...

$dbh->bz_add_column('attachments', 'submitter_id', {TYPE => 'INT3', NOTNULL => 1}, 0);$dbh->bz_rename_column('bugs_activity', 'when', 'bug_when');_add_bug_vote_cache(); _update_product_name_definition(); _add_bug_keyword_cache();$dbh->bz_add_column('profiles', 'disabledtext', {TYPE => 'MEDIUMTEXT', NOTNULL => 1}, '');_populate_longdescs(); _update_bugs_activity_field_to_fieldid();

if (!$dbh->bz_column_info('bugs', 'lastdiffed')) {$dbh->bz_add_column('bugs', 'lastdiffed', {TYPE =>'DATETIME'});$dbh->do('UPDATE bugs SET lastdiffed = NOW()');

}

_add_unique_login_name_index_to_profiles(); $dbh->bz_add_column('profiles', 'mybugslink', {TYPE => 'BOOLEAN', NOTNULL => 1, DEFAULT => 'TRUE'});_update_component_user_fields_to_ids();$dbh->bz_add_column('bugs', 'everconfirmed', {TYPE => 'BOOLEAN', NOTNULL => 1}, 1);

$dbh->bz_add_column('products', 'maxvotesperbug', {TYPE => 'INT2', NOTNULL => 1, DEFAULT => '10000'});

$dbh->bz_add_column('products', 'votestoconfirm', {TYPE => 'INT2', NOTNULL => 1}, 0);_populate_milestones_table();$dbh->bz_alter_column('bugs', 'target_milestone', {TYPE => 'varchar(20)', NOTNULL => 1, DEFAULT => "'---'"});$dbh->bz_alter_column('milestones', 'value', {TYPE => 'varchar(20)', NOTNULL => 1});_add_products_defaultmilestone();

if (!$dbh->bz_index_info('cc', 'cc_bug_id_idx') || !$dbh->bz_index_info('cc', 'cc_bug_id_idx')->{TYPE}) {$dbh->bz_drop_index('cc', 'cc_bug_id_idx');$dbh->bz_add_index('cc', 'cc_bug_id_idx', {TYPE => 'UNIQUE', FIELDS => [qw(bug_id who)]});

}if (!$dbh->bz_index_info('keywords', 'keywords_bug_id_idx') || !$dbh->bz_index_info('keywords', 'keywords_bug_id_idx')->{TYPE}) {

$dbh->bz_drop_index('keywords', 'keywords_bug_id_idx');$dbh->bz_add_index('keywords', 'keywords_bug_id_idx', {TYPE => 'UNIQUE', FIELDS => [qw(bug_id

keywordid)]});}

...

EvolvingData Models

add or remove entity

change name of entity

change type of set

8 Basic Transformations

add or remove property

change name of property

change type of property

addRevision

page Pageauthor User

addrevisionText :: text

at Entity Revision  /  Property pageadd revisionText :: text

RevisionrevisionText :: text

RevisionrevisionText :: text

at Entity Revision  /  Property pageadd revisionText :: textfrom page.content

at Entity Pageadd Revision

at Entity Revision  /  Property pageadd revisionText :: textfrom page.content

;

EvolvingData Models

8 Basic transformations

Syntax for the transformations

Positioning language

Specify data model evolutions

DataMigration

Technical Domain

WebDSL

Stratego/XT

JavaJava Persistence API

Object Transformation Library

transform (Page) to (Page) {DropAttribute("author");

}

at Entity Pageremove author

transform (Page) to (Revision) {AddAttribute("revisionText", 

getPage().getContent() )}

at Entity Revision  /  Property pageadd revisionText :: textfrom page.content

More abstract transformations

Type conversions

Java type generation

But wait, there’s more!

DataMigration

HeterogeneousCoupled Evolution

Horizontal GeneralizationDomain

Lists

More types

Abstract types

Vertical GeneralizationConformance level

Heterogeneous Coupled Evolution 

ofSoftware Languages

Software Data

Evolving Software LanguageData Model

A GenericArchitecture

Domain Specific Transformation Language 

(DSTL)

Transformation Interpreter

Software Migration

Stratego

SDF SDF

Entity* ­> DataM

Lists

"add" Entity    ­> LocalTransformation"remove"        ­> LocalTransformation

[...]

Id "::" Type ­> Prop

Lexicals

"substitute" Id ­> LocalTransformation

''...''

"int" ­> Type"bool" ­> TypeId ­> Type"set of" Type ­> Type

Multiple productions

"substitute" Type ­> LocalTransformation

­>*

"at" APath LocalTransformation ­> Transformation

Type checking .../...

Software Language Evolution

Generic architectureDSTL generationEvolution interpreter generationAutomatic migration

Application to data models

Heterogeneous coupled evolution

Software Language Evolution

This research was supported by NWO/JACQUARD project638.001.610, MoDSE: Model­Driven Software Evolution.

Present & Future

Evolution detection

Validation

Usability

Abstractions

Related work

Focus on single domain

Meta modeling[7, 23, 17, 10]

DSLs[23]

Data base schemas[15,4,2,8,1]