Softwarekousoulism/100/fall2017/SW.pdfSecurity • … many more Utilities –Firewalls 30 Utilities –Firewalls Pop-up presented by Comodo firewall 31 Utilities –Disk defragmenter

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Software

CSIT-100

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Software

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Software

• System Software

• Application Software

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1. System Software

• Operating systems

• Utilities

• Computer languages

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2. Application Software

• Graphics/Multimedia Software

• Entertainment software

• Professional software

• …

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Next … talk about System Software

• Operating systems

• Utilities

• Computer languages

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Operating system

• Main program that controls how a computer system functions.

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Operating system

• Main program that controls how a computer system functions.

• All computer systems have an operating system

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Operating system

• Main program that controls how a computer system functions.

• All computer systems have an operating system

• Examples ?

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Operating system

• Main program that controls how a computer system functions.

• All computer systems have an operating system

• Examples: MS Windows, Mac OS, Linux, UNIX, Android, iOS

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Operating systems: examples

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Operating system: User Interface

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Operating system: User Interface

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Operating systems: examples

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Operating systems: examples

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Hardware

ACCESS

SoftwareApplications

WORD

EXCEL

Hardware … Software

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Hardware

ACCESS

SoftwareApplications

WORD

EXCEL

Operating System

The glue …

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Operating Systems

• … are programs that coordinate: Interactions of hardware components to each other Interaction between application software and

computer hardware

• Manage memory

• Handle input and output devices…

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Drivers

• Are software programs that allow applications on a computer to interact with a hardware device

• You may see them used for:– Video card

– Audio card

– Ethernet adapter

– Wireless cards

– Printers, scanners…

– …

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Firmware

• Are programs within devices that are usually located in ROM or flash memory.

• Without these programs, devices would not function

• Very basic instructions

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Utilities

• Software designed to maintain, tune, improve and manage the operating system, other software or computer hardware.

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Utilities

• Examples of software utilities:– Virus scanners

– Disk defragmenter

– Disk Clean up

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Utilities – Virus Scanners

• Examples of Anti Virus/Malware software

– Kaspersky

– F-Secure

– Trend Micro

Microsoft Security Essentials (free, for PC)

PC Tools AntiVir - free version offeredNOD32

G DATA

Panda BitDefenderAVG – free version offered

Above average anti-virus

http://www.av-comparatives.org/

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Utilities – Virus Scanners for OSX

• ClamXav (free)

• Norton

• Sophos (free)

• BitDefender

• McAfee

• Kaspersky

• …

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Utilities – Online Virus Scanners

• Online virus/malware scanning– http://www.virustotal.com/

– http://virusscan.jotti.org/

– …

– More sites can be found, search the internet using keywords: online virus scanning, online malware scanning, …

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Utilities – Firewalls

• blocks unauthorized network access, while allowing authorized communication on the network.

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Freeware

• Comodo Firewall

• ZoneAlarm

• TinyWall

• Privatefirewall

• …

For a fee…

• Hands Off! (OSX)

• Little Snitch (OSX)

• ZoneAlarm Pro

• Norton Personal Firewall

• Kaspersky Internet Security

• … many more

Utilities – Firewalls

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Utilities – Firewalls

Pop-up presented by

Comodo firewall

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Utilities – Disk defragmenter

• A utility that arranges files on a hard disk in sequential order.

• Reunites fragmented files so your computer can run more efficiently.

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Fragmented disk

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Both…

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Defragmenter software…

• Diskeeper (pay)

• UltimateDefrag (pay)

• O&O Defrag (pay)

• Ashampoo Magical Defrag (pay)

• Defraggler (free)

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Disk drive…

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Disk …

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Disk …

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Defragmenting in Windows OS

• START

• All programs

• Accessories

• System Tools

• …. Show

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Before and after…

Before

After

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Disk Cleanup…

• The process the enables you to cleanup your disk from unnecessary files.

• How?

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Disk Cleanup… how?

• START

• All programs

• Accessories

• System Tools

• …. Show

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Application Software

• Graphics/Multimedia Software

• Entertainment software

• Professional software

• …

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Graphics/Multimedia Software

• Application programs …– Image editing/processing

– Drawing

– Video Editing

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1. Image editing (raster graphics, bitmap)

• MS Paint

• Paint.Net (free)

• Adobe Photoshop

• GIMP (free)

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Adobe Illustrator

Inkscape

OpenOffice.org Draw

Microsoft Expression Design

Corel Draw

2. Drawing (vector graphics)

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2. Drawing (vector graphics)

inkscape 47

Bitmap vs. Vector graphics

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3. Video editing …

• Sony Vegas

• Windows Movie Maker

• Apple Final Cut

• Adobe Premiere

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Entertainment software

• Games software

• Music …

• Video …

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Games …

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Music … video

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Professional software

• Word processors

• Database

• Spreadsheet

• Presentation

• Financial

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Computer Languages

• Application packages that can be used to create the above categories

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Computer Languages

• “Hello World”– is the first program one usually writes when learning a

new programming language.

– First appeared in chapter 1.1 of Kernighan & Ritchie's book about C, "The C Programming Language", in 1978 Looked as follows:

main() {printf("hello, world\n");

}

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Computer Languages

// Hello World in ISO C++#include <iostream>

int main(){

std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;}

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Computer Languages

// Hello World in Java

public class HelloWorld {public static void main( String args[] ) {

System.out.println( "Hello World!" );}

}

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Computer Languages

-- Hello World in Ada

with Text_IO;procedure Hello_World is

beginText_IO.Put_Line("Hello World!");

end Hello_World;

The fly-by-wire system software in the Boeing 777 was written in Ada.

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Computer Languages

• More “Hello World” examples, in many different languages, can be found here:

– http://www.roesler-ac.de/wolfram/hello.htm

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Web languages …

• Java, XML, HTML, PHP, JavaScript…

Hypertext Preprocessor

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…types of Software

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Software…function

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Booting

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Booting

• The process of loading the operating system program into the memory (RAM) … is called initializing or booting-up.

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Booting process

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Booting …

• The process of loading the operating system program into the memory is called initializing or booting-up.

a) Cold boot

b) Warm boot

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Cold Boot

• Loads the system instructions, stored in a ROM, by turning manually the power ON.

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Warm Boot

• Clears the RAM and reloads the operating system without turning off the computer.

• How ?

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Warm Boot

• Clears the RAM and reloads the operating system without turning off the computer.

• How ?

Restart

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Warm Boot is used to…

• The warm boot is used to overcome computer-freeze or computer lock-up