Sofosbuvir: Game Changer for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Leslie Dixon, Pharm.D. Managed Care Drug Policy Resident Scott & White Health Plan Temple, TX May 30, 2014 Learning Objectives 1. Describe Hepatitis C patient demographics 2. Discuss the evidence for sofosbuvir in Hepatitis C genotype 1 patients 3. State sofosbuvir’s place in therapy according to the AASLD 4. List several ways in which sofosbuvir is a game changer for patients, insurers, and dispensing pharmacists
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Sofosbuvir: Game Changer for the Treatment of
Hepatitis C
Leslie Dixon, Pharm.D. Managed Care Drug Policy Resident Scott & White Health Plan Temple, TX
May 30, 2014
Learning Objectives
1. Describe Hepatitis C patient demographics 2. Discuss the evidence for sofosbuvir in Hepatitis C genotype 1 patients 3. State sofosbuvir’s place in therapy according to the AASLD 4. List several ways in which sofosbuvir is a game changer for patients, insurers, and
dispensing pharmacists
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Hepatitis C virus (HCV): disease course and demographic trends
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HCV Medications Approval Year Mechanism of Action
SVR Rate for Genotype 1 (upper limit) Side Effects
Interferon α-‐2 + Ribavirin ("PEG/RBV")
2001 • Interferons ↑ macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte cytotoxicity
• Ribavirin inhibits replication of RNA and DNA viruses
Genotype 1 patients who had failed prior therapies have been waiting for a drug like Sofosbuvir, but NEUTRINO only studied treatment naïve patients
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PHOTON-‐1 trial: Sofosbuvir for HCV Genotype 1
Genotype 1: HIV-‐HCV Co-‐Infected
Sofosbuvir: Game Changer for Patients
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Sofosbuvir: Game Changer for Insurers
Number of sofosbuvir prescriptions expected to increase significantly
Gilead has negotiated a price break with Egypt. A 12-‐week course of sofosbuvir will cost $900
Sofosbuvir: Game Changer for Dispensing Pharmacists
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References
AASLD and IDSA. Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C. Available at www.hcvguidelines.org. Accessed May 28, 2014.
Birnkrant D. [Sovaldi] Division Director’s Summary Review. CDER Application No. 204671Orig1s000. November 27, 2013. Available at www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2013/204671Orig1s000SumR.pdf. Accessed 5/22/14.
Birnkrant D. FDA Introductory Remarks: Sofosbuvir NDA 204671, October 25, 2013: Silver Spring, Maryland. Available at www.fda.gov/downloads/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/Drugs/AntiviralDrugsAdvisoryCommittee/UCM375285.pdf. Accessed May 23, 2014.
CDER Guidance to Industry, Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Developing Direct Acting Antiviral Drugs for Treatment. Draft guidance, October 2013. Available at www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM225333.pdf. Accessed May 18, 2014.
Connelly S. [Sofosbuvir] Cross-‐Discipline Team Leader Review. CDER Application No. 204671Orig1s000. November 8, 2013. Available at www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2013/ 204671Orig1s000CrossR.pdf. Accessed May 26, 2014.
C. Everett Koop Institute, Dartmouth Medical School. Hepatitis C: An Epidemic for Anyone. Available at www.epidemic.org/theFacts/hepatitisC/hepatitisC.php. Accessed May 18, 2014.
Darrow JJ, et al. New FDA Breakthrough-‐Drug Category – Implications for Patients. NEJM 2014; 370:1252-‐1258.
Dugum M. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 2014; 81(3):159-‐172.
FDA Guidance for Industry: Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Developing Direct-‐Acting Antiviral Drugs for Treatment. October 2013. Available at www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM225333.pdf. Accessed May 18, 2014.
FDA. Novel New Drugs 2013 Summary; January 2014. Available at www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/DrugInnovation/UCM381803.pdf. Accessed 5/23/14.
Florian, et al. [Sovaldi] Addendum to FDA Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutics Review, Application No. 204671sOrig1s000, November 22, 2013. Available at www.accessdata.fda/gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2013/204671Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf. Accessed May 24, 2014.
Jacobson IM, et al. Sofosbuvir for hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 in patients without treatment options. NEJM 2013; 368:1867-‐77; Suppl. App., p. 23.
Japsen B. At $1,000 A Pill, Hepatitis C Drug Sovaldi Rattles Medicaid Programs. Forbes. Available at www.forbes.com/sites/brucejapsen/2014/04/28/pricey-‐hepatitis-‐pill-‐sovaldi-‐rattles-‐medicaid-‐programs/. Accessed May 28, 2014.
Kowdley KV, et al.Sofosbuvir with pegylated interferon alfa-‐2a and ribavirin for treatment-‐naïve patients with hepatitis C genotype-‐1 infection (ATOMIC): an open-‐label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2013 Jun 15;381(9883):2100-‐7.
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Lawitz E, et al. [NEUTRINO] Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. NEJM 2013 May 16; 368(20):1878-‐87 and supplementary appendix pp. 1-‐59.
Massard J, et al. Natural history and predictors of disease severity in chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatology 2006; 44:S19-‐S24.
Mishra P. [Sovaldi] FDA Medical Review, September 6, 2013. Available at www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2013/204671Orig1s000MedR.pdf. Accessed May 22, 2014.
Sears D. Strategies for Implementing New CDC Guidelines for HCV in Baby Boomers. 2012 Texas Viral Hepatitis Summit 2012. Available at www.dshs.state.tx.us/hivstd/conference/2012/2012-‐Texas-‐Viral-‐Hepatitis-‐Summit.doc. Accessed May 24, 2014.
Smith BD, et al. Recommendations for the Identification of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Persons Born During 1945-‐1965. MMWR; August 17, 2012/61(RR04);1-‐18.
Sovaldi™ Clinical Studies [Promotional Materials]. Foster City, CA: Gilead, 2013.
Sovaldi™ [package insert]. Foster City, CA: Gilead; 2013.
Staton T. Express Scripts assembling anti-‐Sovaldi coalition to shut out Gilead hep C drug. FiercePharma. Available at www.fiercepharma.com/story/express-‐scripts-‐assembling-‐anti-‐sovaldi-‐coalition-‐shut-‐out-‐gilead-‐hep-‐c-‐dru/2014-‐04-‐08#ixzz337cwcnkC. Accessed May 28, 2014.
Ura A. Cost of New Drug Complicates Access for Inmates and the Poor. NYT May 24, 2014. Available at www.nytimes.com/2014/05/25/us/cost-‐of-‐new-‐drug-‐complicates-‐access-‐for-‐inmates-‐and-‐the-‐poor.html?_r=0 . Accessed May 28, 2014.
World Health Organization. Guidelines for the Screening, Care and Treatment of Persons With Hepatitis C Infection. April 2014. Available at www.who.int/hiv/pub/hepatitis/hepatitis-‐c-‐guidelines/en/. Accessed May 29, 2014.