Sociology Now 1 st Edition (Brief) Kimmel/Aronson *This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performances or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Culture and Society 2 c h a p t e r
Sociology Now 1 st Edition (Brief) Kimmel/Aronson *This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited.
Dec 13, 2015
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Sociology Now1st Edition (Brief)
Kimmel/Aronson
*This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performances or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.
Culture and Society
2c h a p t e r
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Culture
• Culture– Material
• things made and used– Nonmaterial
• ideas, values and beliefs
• Cultural Diversity– the world’s cultures are vastly different from
each other• culture shock• ethnocentrism• cultural relativism
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Culture
• Subcultures and Countercultures– creation of cultural forms – music,
literature, news media, art– Subcultures
• prejudice• social power
– Countercultures• difference and opposition• often seen as a threat
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Elements of Culture
• Material Culture– Environment we inhabit; tools to survive in it– Meets basic subsistence needs– Basic need for meaning
• Symbols– Anything that takes on additional meaning
beyond itself to others• can be created at anytime
• meanings can change over time
• not universally shared
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Elements of Culture
• Language– set of symbols– not solely a human trait– Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
• language shapes thought and perception
• Ritual– Example: singing of the national
anthem at most professional sporting events
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Elements of Culture
• Norms– rules of behavior
• folkways• mores (MO-rays)
• laws
• Values– ethical foundations of culture– right and wrong/good and bad
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Elements of Culture
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Elements of Culture
• What Are American Values?
1. Achievement and Success2. Individualism3. Activity and work4. Efficiency and practicality5. Science and technology6. Progress7. Material Comfort8. Humanitarianism9. Freedom10. Democracy11. Equality12. Racism and group superiority
• value contradictions
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Elements of Culture
• Emerging Values• Changing and Contradictory Values
• Luck and pluck• Community• Leisure and cheating• Luxury• Religion• Karma
• Distrust the rich• Entitlement• Tolerance has its limits• Security over democracy• Inequality• We’re all just people
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Cultural Expressions
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Cultural Expressions
• Universality and Localism– cultural universals
• High Culture and Popular Culture– high culture – affluence– popular culture – the “masses”– cultural capital
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Cultural Expressions
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Cultural Expressions
• Forms of Popular Culture– Fads
– Objects– Activities– Ideas– Personalities
– Fashion
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Cultural Expressions
• The Politics of Popular Culture
• The Globalization of Popular Culture– cultural imperialism
• Culture as Tool Kit
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Cultural Change
– culture lag– cultural diffusion
• Culture in the 21st Century
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
Cultural Change
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