Sociology 1.28.13 Unit 1– Religion-- Islam 1. Overview– Islam 2. Scavenger Hunt– Islam– 50 points total– Skip around I have the Islam posted but you will.

Sociology 1.28.13

• Unit 1– Religion-- Islam

• 1. Overview– Islam• 2. Scavenger Hunt– Islam– 50 points total– Skip around• I have the Islam posted but you will have to research to do

about 2/3 or it. • Get your own i-pad• Ideal Groups are 2 or 3 ( No 4’s )• If you choose your group(s) then….

• You may not discuss with any other groups50-1=49 -2= 47 -4=43 -8=35 -16=19

Islam: Followers are called Muslims

Sociological Themes in Religion (commonality)

• 1. Confession, Profession• 2. A Pilgrimage• 3. Giving Alms, Charity• 4. Acts of Humility (others)• 5. The Supernatural/Miraculous Events

Faith: The substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen”

• 6. Messianic Leaders/Founders• 7. Personal Sacrifice- Gestures, Signs• 8. Conversion- Acts of Penitence

Islam– What is it?

• Islam اإلسالم al-ʾislām  is a MONOTHEISTIC and ABRAHAMIC RELIGION articulated by the QURAN OR KORAN, a text considered by its adherents to be the verbatum word of GOD (Arabic: الله ALLAH) and by the teachings of MUHAMMED, considered by them to be the last PROPHET OF GOD. An adherent OR FOLLWER of Islam is called a MUSLIM.

• Muslims believe that God is ONE AND INCOMPARABLE and the PURPOSE OF EXISTANCE is to love and serve God. Muslims also believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a PRIMORDIAL FAITH that was revealed at many times and places before, including through 1. ABRAHAM, 2. MOSES, 3. JESUS whom they consider PROPHETS.

• They maintain that the previous messages and revelations have been partially MISINTERPRETTED OR ALTERED over time, but consider the Arabic Qur'an to be both the unaltered and the final revelation of God. Religious concepts and practices include the FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM , which are basic concepts and obligatory acts of WORSHIP, and following ISLAMIC LAW, which touches on virtually every aspect of life and society.

Sunni vs. Shiia

Some laws in Saudi Arabia– Separation of Church and State?

• Being poor is against the law. Any man not earning a “reasonable” income can be imprisoned.

• From Jeddah to Riyadh there are two highways: one for Muslims, another for “infidels”. If a Muslim is accompanied by an “infidel”, both are required to use the highway for infidels.

• If an oil field is found in your garden you must report it to the state before digging a bore hole greater than 5000 feet.

• It is against the law to possess any type of alcoholic beverage.

• It is considered an offense if a woman appears in public, unless accompanied by a male relative or guardian.

• It is illegal to engage in any religious practice other than Islam.

• It is illegal to import any books featuring Christian symbols such as a cross. • It is illegal to kiss a stranger. • Male doctors may not examine women, and women doctors cannot examine men.

• Woman are not allowed to drive a car.

Differences

• for Sunni Muslims, approximately 90 percent of the Muslim world

• The Sunni branch believes that the first four caliphs--Mohammed's successors--rightfully took his place as the leaders of Muslims.

• Shiites, in contrast, believe that only the heirs of the fourth caliph, Ali, are the legitimate successors of Mohammed

Sunnis vs. Shiites

• Another difference between Sunnis and Shiites has to do with the Mahdi, “the rightly-guided one” whose role is to bring a just global caliphate into being.

• A caliphate (from the Arabicخالفة or khilāfa, Turkish: Hilafet) is an Islamic state led by a supreme religious as well as political leader known as a caliph (meaning literally a successor, i.e. a successor to the prophet Mohammad).

• As historian Timothy Furnish has written,"The major difference is that for Shi`is he has already been here, and will return from hiding; for Sunnis he has yet to emerge into history: a comeback v. a coming out, if you will."

• There are five duties that one must live by if one is a Muslim, these are often called the Five Pillars of Islam.

1.

• Shahada This is the main religious belief of all Muslim people and it is a declaration of their faith. The English words are;

• There is no god but Allah; Muhammad is the messenger of Allah. Or as some muslims prefer... "There is no god but the One God" meaning there is only one God for all mankind. Anyone who says these words and means it can become a Muslim.

2.

• Salah This is prayer. Muslims pray five times a day and follow a special ritual to do so. Firstly they wash (wudu). This is a special process...

• Wash hands up to the wrist three times

• Wash mouth three times

• Wash nostrils, breathing in and out through the nose three times • Wash one's face three times

• Wash arms up to elbows three times

• Wipe head with wet hands, forehead to back, back to forehead

• The inside of the ears are cleaned with the wet forefinger then the back of the ears with the thumb

• Wash feet up to the ankles three times

• Raise one's face to the sky, pointing up with the index finger.

2. continued

• The water must be pure, if there is no clean water symbolically, the face and arms are just wiped with the hands. The prayers are all said at the same times each day:• Fajr- Morning, between dawn and sunrise

• Zuhr - Mid-day or early afternoon

• Asr - Late afternoon

• Maghrib - Evening, around sunset

• Isah - Night, before going to bed•

3.

• ZAKATThis is about looking after other people. Each Muslim gives up a share of his wealth each year to provide for those less fortunate. The word zakat means to purify or cleanse. As the person gives up a share of his or her wealth they become cleansed from selfishness and greed. This money might be to provide education, keep up or build mosques or help the needy.

4.

• HAJJAll Muslims have a duty to try to make a pilgrimage to the Ka'aba in Makkah at least once during their lifetime. Very often whole families will save to send one person at a time. The men who make the pilgrimage wear an ihram which is made up of two sheets. They must not be sewn. Also they wear special open shoes. This clothing is a symbol of peace and obedience to God. The pilgrimage follows a set pattern.

5.

• SAUMThis is all about Ramadan. The ninth month of the Islam calendar. It is special because it is when Muhammad (Pbuh) began receiving the messages from God. For thirty days Muslims fast, they do not eat or drink during daylight hours. It start when the new moon is seen at the start of the month and ends when the new moon is seen again at the end of the month. The fast is to remind them how difficult it is to be poor, hungry and thirsty in a hot place. It reminds them to thank God for his gift of the Qur'an. It also serves to make them think about the essentials and luxuries of life and so not be greedy.

•

During Ramadan…..9th Month, 29 days

• Obtain from Alcohol (All Times)• Do not eat in public• or 30 days. It is the Islamic month of fasting,

in which participating Muslims refrain from eating, drinking, smoking and sex during daylight hours and is intended to teach Muslims about patience, spirituality, humility and submissiveness to God.

Famous American Muslims

Famous American Muslims

• Ice Cube• Snoop Dog• Muhammed Ali• Kareem Abdul Jabar• Rasheed Wallace

• Star Terms you know and can roughly define now

• Box Terms that you have heard of and have an idea of the meaning but not sure.

• Circle terms you do not know

Cultures-- Targets

• SS-HS-2.1.1• Students will explain how belief systems, knowledge,

technology and behavior patterns define cultures and help to explain historical perspectives and events in the modern world.

• DOK 2

• SS-HS-2.2.1• Students will explain how various human needs are met

through interaction in and among social institutions (e.g., family, religion, education, government, economy) in the modern world.

World Religions

World Religions

World Religion Regions

World Religions

U.S. Religions: What pattern do you see? Ex. “Bible Belt”

Buddhism

What is Buddhism?

• 350 million– 4th Largest of ALL Religions

“Suffering”• 1. Truth of Suffering (Dukkah)• 2. Truth of the Cause of Suffering

(Samudaya)• 3. Truth of the End of Suffering

(Nirhodha)• 4. Truth of the Path that leads us from

Suffering (Magga)

Buddhism

• Zen Buddhism

• Translated= “Absorption or Meditative State”

• In America….Zen-Christianism (Pacific Northwest) (Phil Jackson)

Buddhism– Dalai Lama

Buddhism

• Buddhism is a RELIGION and PHILOSOPHY encompassing a variety of (1) traditions, (2)beliefs and (3)practices.

• largely based on teachings attributed to….. SIDDHARTHA GAUTAMA, commonly known as

the BUDDHA (Sanskrit for  "the awakened one"). The Buddha lived and taught in the eastern part of INDIAN SUBCONTINENT-TIBET  some time between the 6th and 4th centuries B.C. 

• He is recognized by Buddhists as an….. AWAKENED or ENLIGHTENED TEACHER who shared his

insights to HELP HUMAN BEINGS  END IGNORANCE of DEPENDENT ORIGINATION, thus escaping what is seen as a CYCLE OF SUFFERING AND RE BIRTH.

Buddhism 563 B.C.

• Suffering: is Life. Desire is the cause of suffering, end desire and you end suffering. This is the highest level of Enlightenment

Buddhism: The ‘Impermanence of Life”

Buddhism Movie

• “The Little Buddha”

The Dalai Lama

Buddhism

• SS-HS-2.2.1• Students will explain how various human needs are met through interaction in and among social institutions (e.g., family,

religion, education, government, economy) in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and the United States (Reconstruction to present).

•  • SS-HS-2.3.1• Students will explain the reasons why conflict and competition (e.g., violence, difference of opinion, stereotypes,

prejudice, discrimination, genocide) may develop as cultures emerge in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and the United States (Reconstruction to present).

• DOK 2

• SS-HS-2.3.2• Students will explain and give examples of how compromise and cooperation are characteristics that influence

interaction (e.g., peace studies, treaties, conflict resolution) in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and the United States (Reconstruction to present).

• DOK 2

Sociology 1.25.13

• Unit 1 Comparative Demographics1. Hinduism– Overview---

Turn in your notes on Religion Handout today

2. Crash Course in Buddhism 10 minutes-

• 3. Clock Buddies Review– Buddhism and Hinduism

• 4. Current Events – Channel One News and Week in Rap

World Religions

Hinduism

Hinduism

Hinduism

• The Caste System

Hinduism

• The Caste System• Reincarnation• Sanskrit ( writing)

• Karma• Yoga

Hinduism

Hinduism- The Bendi

Bendi or Talaka

• ,,,,• From Vedic times, the bindi was created as a means to worship one's

intellect. Therefore, it was used by both men and women. The worship of intellect was in order to use it to ensure our thoughts, speech, actions, habits and ultimately our character becomes pure.

• In meditation, this very spot between the eyebrows (Bhrumadhya) is where one focuses his/her sight, so that it helps concentration.

• The encyclopedic dictionary of Yoga informs that this 'Ajna Chakra' is also called the 'Third eye'. This center is connected with the sacred syllable 'Om' and presiding it is 'ParaaShiva'. After activation of this center, the aspirant overcomes 'Ahamkar' (ego or sense of individuality), the last hurdle on the path of spirituality.

Talaka

• In Hinduism, the tilaka, tilak or tika (Sanskrit: ति�लक tilaka; Hindustani pronunciation: [t bɪˈlək] tilak)[1] is a mark worn on the forehead and other parts of the body. Tilaka may be worn on a daily basis or for special religious occasions

Talaka

• The tilaka symbolizes the third eye, or mind's eye, associated with many Hindu deities, and the idea of meditation and spiritual enlightenment. The red dot or "Tika" represents the third eye. In the past, tilakas were usually worn by gods, priests, ascetics, or worshippers, but is now a common practice for most Hindus. It can express which Hindu tradition one follows

Hinduism

• Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include (but are not restricted to), Dharma (ethics/duties), Samsāra (The continuing cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth), Karma (action and subsequent reaction), Moksha (liberation from samsara), and the various Yogas(paths or practices).[72]

Famous American Buddhists

• Here's some famous Buddhists: Add more if you can.

Brad Pitt Sharon Stone Richard GereKeanu ReevesLeonard Cohen Adam Yauch Uma ThurmanLeonardo Dicaprio Steven Segal Patrick Duffy Harrison Ford Ricky MartinAlanis Morissette Courtney Love StingHerbie Hancock Wayne Shorter Buster WilliamsLarry Coryell Susanne Vega Nestor TorresErnestine AndersonLaurie Anderson Kate BosworthOrlando Bloom Susan Blackmore Cora L. E. ChristianGoldie Hawn Becky Johnston, George Lucas, Steve Jobs Jennifer Lopez, Michael Stipe,

Mark Wahlberg, Oliver Stone

Clock Buddies

• 4 o’clockAs the 4th Largest religion in the world, Buddhism has how many followers?

• 350 million• 7 o’clockWhat is the region on the China/Nepal border that is the holy land of

Buddhism• Tibet• 11 o’clock According to Buddhism, what is the cause of ALL suffering?• Desire

• 2 o’clock Name 3 famous American followers of Buddhism

• …. Phil Jackson, Steve Jobs, etc

• 6 o’clock SIDDHARTHA GAUTAMA, commonly known as the BUDDHA (Sanskrit for  "the _________ ______").

• “Awakened” or “Enlightened One”

• 10 o’clock What other religion was Buddhism founded in?

• Hinduism

• 9 o’clock Buddhist Sand Art symbolizes the I________ of life• Impermanence

• 3 o’clock The Best translation for “The Teacher” is • Buddha

• 5 o’clock What river valley was the foundation of India and who migrated down from the Mountains?

• “Indus” and the Aryans”

• 12 o’clock What is the cycle of rebirth referred to under Hiduism (2 words)

• The Caste System

Clock Buddies Continued

• 8 o’clock What group is at the top of the Caste System

• The Brahmans

• 2 o’clock What one’s position is in society as determined by the castes system is one’s….

• Darhma

• 1 o’clock Samsare, Moksha and _______ are personal and social reasons for doing your Darhma– It is what you do……The doer of good becomes good, evil becomes evil

• Karma