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By:
Sella Saftri
13-530-0149B Class
SociolinguisticsSocial Dialect
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In earlier centuries, you could tell
were an !nglis lord or ladyca"e #ro" $y teir regional #or"
o# !nglis% But $y te early
twentiet century, a &erson wos&o'e wit a regional accent in!ngland was "ost unli'ely to
$elong to te u&&er class% (&&er-class &eo&le ad an u&&er-classeducation, and tat generally
"eant a &u$lic )i%e% &ri*ate+
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/ dialect tat *aries according to te s&ea'ers social class%Dialects are linguistic *arieties wic are distinguisa$le$y teir *oca$ulary, gra""ar and &ronunciation
Social Dialect
Standard !nglis
Standard !nglis . )ecei*ed .ronunciation te 2ueens !nglis
BBC !nglis
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An occupational:"aor &ro#essionals and eecuti*es o#
large $usinesses
lesser &ro#essionals and eecuti*eso# "ediu" si6ed $usinesses
se"i-&ro#essionals
tecnicians and owners o# s"all$usinesses
s'illed wor'ers
se"i-s'illed wor'ers
Social Classi#ying
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An educational:
graduate or &ro#essional educationcollege or uni*ersity degree
attendance at college or uni*ersity
$ut no degreeig scool graduation
so"e ig scool education
and less tan se*en years o# #or"aleducation%
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Income level and source of incomeare i"&ortant #actors in anyclassifcation syste" tat #ocuses on
ow "uc "oney &eo&le a*e%
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So, te s&ea'ers socio-econo"icle*el will a7ect te way tey s&ea'%
8e lower te socio-econo"ic le*el
is, te "ore regional *ariation tereis%
8e iger te le*el is, te less
regional *ariation we a*e $ecauseu&&er class &eo&le "ostly use .%
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In te 1950s in !ngland, "any &airs o# words
were identifed wic, it was clai"ed,distinguised te s&eec o# u&&er-class!nglis &eo&le )( s&ea'ers #ro" te rest)non-( s&ea'ers%
( (&&er Class
oca$ulary
U Speakers Non-U speakers
Sitting roo" ;ongue
;a*atory 8oilet
So#a Settee
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U Speakers Non-U Speakers
<= > -
<?ng= <i@= <in=
<r= > -
.ronunciation
• 8e igest social grou& dro& te least nu"$er o#
<=s and te lowest grou& o"its te "ost%
• .eo&le #ro" lower social grou&s use "ore o# te*ernacular <in= *ariant tan tose #ro" iger grou&s%
• 8e iger your social class te "ore you &ronounce&ost-*ocalic <r=% 8e iger your social class te #eweryou &ronounce%
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It was #ound tat cildren #ro" lower-class#a"ilies used "ore *ernacular *er$ #or"stan cildren #ro" "iddle-class #a"ilies%
Ara""atical .attern
or" iger-Class ;ower-Class
.ast 8enseI fnised tat $oo'yesterday
I fnis tat $oo' yesterday
.resent
8ense
ose wal's to scool e*ery
day%
ose wal' to scool e*ery
day%
egati*eor"
o$ody wants any ci&s%o$ody dont want noci&s%
/int or" Ei" isnt stu&id% Ei" aint stu&id
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8an' Fou