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Societal KM 2004/ 1 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Societal Knowledge ManagementSocietal Knowledge Managementin the Globalized Economyin the Globalized Economy
2004
Karl M. WiigKnowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Arlington, TX 76016-3517phone: (817) 572-6254 fax: (817) 478-1048
e-mail: [email protected] –– website: www.krii.com
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Societal KM 2004/ 2 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Societal Knowledge Management (SKM) is based on
idealized visions and models.
In particular:
Idealized Models of KM
Idealized Models of Society
– The Balanced Society –
Setting the StageSetting the Stage
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Societal KM 2004/ 3 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Globalization Pressures
Societal KM Premises
The Balanced Society
Aspects of Societal KM
What Are the Options?
Our JourneyOur Journey
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Societal KM 2004/ 4 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Globalization Relies on SKMGlobalization Relies on SKMWorld-Wide
Communication- Internet/www -
- etc. -
New Managementand Operations Practices
- Distributed Decision-Making -- JIT -- etc. -
SophisticatedCustomers
SophisticatedSuppliers
SophisticatedCompetitors
DemandingStakeholders
EffectiveWorld-Wide
Logistics
NewCommercial
Practices andSystems
Globalization
MoreKnowledgeable
People
Societal KM ProvidesOpportunities to Participate
by People Everywhere
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Societal KM 2004/ 5 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Work Becomes More ComplexWork Becomes More Complex
1. Routine tasks (simple,
repetitive, andwell understood)
2. Logical or lesscommon
variations(transformations)
ofRoutine Situations
3. Complex, yetexpected
extensions ofroutines
integrated withexternal factors
4. Unexpectedchallenges
(conditions),but with a mixof routines andexternal factors
6. Unusualchallenges
outsidejob scope
5. Totally unexpected
situations and non-routine challenges,
yet within the larger job scope
RequiredKnowledge
Can BeExplicated
(Some Can BeAutomated)
Workers NeedAdditionalKnowledge
ConsiderableNew Knowledge
Is Required
PastWork
FutureWork
Some AbstractKnowledgeIs Needed
Frequency ofOccurrences
Complexityof Work
Candidatesfor
IntelligentAutomation
Potentials forDelivering Work
RequiringGreater Knowledge
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Societal KM 2004/ 6 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Societal KM PremisesSocietal KM Premises
1. Society behavior results from millions of ACTIONS that ideally are EFFECTIVE
2. A successful society BEHAVES to support its objectives
3. A successful society is BALANCED
4. Effective actions are both KNOWLEDGEABLE and INFORMED
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Societal KM 2004/ 7 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Effectsof
Actions
Effectsof
Actions
ConsolidatedBehavior of
Target Society
InnumerableNano Actions
SocietalPerformance
RealizedSocietal
Performance
Governance,Economy,National
Competitiveness,Quality of Life,
etc.
Effectsof
Actions
Effectsof
Actions
Micro"Action"
Micro"Action"
Micro"Action"
Micro"Action"
Individual
People
Individual
Organizations
& Groups
Small Actions Lead to Broad Behavior Small Actions Lead to Broad Behavior Legislature, Courts & Executive Branches
Commerce & Industry
Individual People
Local & Regional Public Services
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Societal KM 2004/ 8 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
The Balanced SocietyThe Balanced Society
BalancedBalancedSocietySociety
ECONOMYR&D and Industrial Activities
Personal Wealth and LivelihoodDomestic and International
Commerce Global Competitiveness
QUALITY of LIFEPersonal Welfare
Health CareSocial Services
EducationSecurity
GOVERNANCEElected Legislature
Executive GovernmentImpartial Justice SystemInternational RelationsDefense / Public Order
Fiscal GovernanceInfrastructure
CULTUREEthics and Social Values
Religious FreedomCivil Behaviors and Respect
for the IndividualArts and Leisure
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KM: Put It Together ’99/ 9
Governance Is Knowledge-RelatedGovernance Is Knowledge-Related
Monitor
& Assess
Overall
Performance
Provide
Ethical &
Philosophical
Direction
Provide
Motivatiors
& Incentives
"Sticks & Carrots"
Coordinate
with
Stakeholders
& External
Goal Holders
Plan &
Envision
Future
Direction
Create &
Maintain
Environment
Structure
Communicate
for Shared
Understanding
Obtain &
Allocate
Resources
Good
Governance
Good
Governance
Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
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Societal KM 2004/ 10 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Societal KM Seeks to:Societal KM Seeks to:
1. Make the target society more effective as a world citizen and global competitor
2. Support continued pursuit of a balanced society
3. Increase effectiveness of constituents to improve their quality of life,
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Societal KM 2004/ 11 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
1. Strengthen societal functions and effectiveness towards implementing societal goals – e.g.,
public service agencies, law enforcement, etc.
2. Provide infrastructure and general knowledge-related capabilities to make
industry and commerce globally competitive
3. Increase citizens’ capabilities to improve their lives, build knowledgeable workforce, and
participate in societal functions
Operational Objectives of Societal KMOperational Objectives of Societal KM
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Societal KM 2004/ 12 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Examples of Societal Knowledge FlowsExamples of Societal Knowledge Flows
Knowledge TransferAgents
Knowledge Holders
Media
Books
Special Publication
Public Government
& Admin
Knowledge Consumers
PublicResearch
Organizations
Corporate Research
University Researchers
Daily Life Innovators
Knowledge Producers
Knowledgeable & Educated People
'Net
People
Special Services
Information Distributors
Knowledge in Software
Knowledgein
Technology
Other Sources
PrivateResearch
Institutes
Nature as Teacher
"KDD"
Knowledge FlowsInformation Flows
Professional Firms
UniversitiesEtc.
Prim & SecSchools
PublicEducational
Services
ProfessionalSocieties
ProfessionalsEverywhere
Communities of Practice
Museum
Libraries
Knowledge Bases
Industrie
Experts
PublicAgencies
Public at
Large
PrivateIndustryBusiness
NGOsetc.
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Societal KM 2004/ 13 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Implement, Manipulate, and Applythe Selected KM Methods and Mechanismsto Handle and Use Knowledge by People,
Organizations, & Devices (IT)
Implementationand Application
Perspective
Plan and Managethe Internal Knowledge-Related Enterprise Operations
to MaximizeEnterprise Effectiveness
TacticalPerspective
Lead and Governthe Societal / Global Intellectual Capital
(IC / Knowledge-Related) Processes & Developmentsto Maximize Societal Viability & Success
SocietalPerspective
Strategize and Steerthe External Knowledge-Related Relationships
with Customers, Suppliers, Stakeholdersto Achieve Enterprise Objectives
StrategicPerspective
Select, Direct, and Operatethe Selections from "100
to Practice Deliberate & SystematicKnowledge Management
OperationalPerspective
Five KM PerspectivesFive KM Perspectives
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Societal KM 2004/ 14 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Culture and Behavior Depends upon Culture and Behavior Depends upon People’s PerspectivesPeople’s Perspectives
~ 11%~ 5%
~ 1% ~ 0.x%
~ 80%Frequency %
Breadth ofPerspective
PragmaticFocus
OperationalFocus
TacticalFocus
StrategicFocus
People have differentranges of perspectives
Visionaryand Societal
Focus
Changing People’s PerspectivesBy Building Broad Knowledge
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Societal KM 2004/ 15 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
From Sensemaking to Effective ActionsFrom Sensemaking to Effective Actions
Personal Knowledge(Action-Oriented Operational and Governance IC Assets)
Mental Reference Models – Concepts – Understandings – Judgments – Principles – Facts
SituationalAwarenessSituation
Action Spaceand Innovation
Capability
ExecutionCapability
Effective
ActionUnderstandingof
Situation
Information
Decision
Actionsto ChangeSituationGovernance Competence and Perspectives
MonitoringFeedbackCorrective
AdjustmentFeedback FeedbackCorrective
Adjustment
SensemakingDecision-Making/Problem-Solving Implementation
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Societal KM 2004/ 16 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Adapted from Bechara et alia, Science 28 Feb, 1997 When Needed, New Situation-SpecificMental Reference Models
Are Created by Conceptual Blending
Most Decisions Are NonconsciousMost Decisions Are Nonconsciousand Result from Activating Mental Reference Models!
Decision
Situation ReasoningStrategies
Facts-Objectives
Options fordecision
andinnovation
Representationof futureoutcomes
Covert activation ofbiases related to
previous emotional[or meaningful]experiences ofcomparablesituations
Reference ModelLibrary
Personal MentalModels of
Wellknown Cases
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Societal KM 2004/ 17 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
What Are Options?What Are Options?
Nations that wish to succeed and thrive have little choice beyond pursuing SKM
proactively and deliberately
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Societal KM 2004/ 18 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Societal KM Counts! Societal KM Counts!
Progress and viability are driven by human capital
Most studies have been inconclusive . . .
However,
long-term effects of improved knowledge indicate:
1 % literacy score increase leads to
2.5 % personal productivity increase
1.5 % increase in GDPSource:
International Adult Literacy Survey: Literacy scores, human capital and growth across fourteen OECD countriesSerge Coulombe, Jean-François Tremblay, and Sylvie Marchand - Statistics Canada - Human Resources and Skills Development
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Societal KM 2004/ 19 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Personal:Improved earnings potentials
More effective personal decision makingRaised quality of life
Industrial:Greater competitive effectiveness
Better products and services Benefits for customers and consumers
Societal:More capable work force
Increased participation by knowledgeable citizenryImproved social and economic environments
More desirable society
Societal KM Seeks to Provide Societal KM Seeks to Provide
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Societal KM 2004/ 20 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
One Nation’s Societal KM TargetsOne Nation’s Societal KM Targets
1 - 2Years
2 - 5Years
5 - 20Years
20+Years
BusinessIC Target
Areas
IC & WorkforceDevelopment& Transfer
Primary &SecondaryEducation
ProactiveActivities
HealthCare
HighTechnology
WaterManagement
Flowers&
Agriculture
TechnologyParks
PublicR&D
PrivateR&D
Universities& TradeSchools
After SchoolLearning
Opportunities
EducationalMotivational
Programs
Curricula& TestCriteria
Text Books& Teaching
Materials
ParentalGuidance &Motivation
PreschoolLearning
Environments
ChildhoodHealthcare& Support
PrenatalCare
⇑
⇑
⇑
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Societal KM 2004/ 21 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
1. Foster development of extensive personal mental reference model “libraries” of work-specific and broad world knowledge
2. Widespread capabilities of critical and complex thinking in all parts of society
Make People CapableMake People Capable
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Societal KM 2004/ 22 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
1. Promote a balanced society by providing targeted societal knowledge assets (IC) for knowledgeable governance, IC-building infrastructure, etc.
2. Foster a globally competitive society by integrating focused SKM plans and priorities into all governmental functions
Make the Nation CapableMake the Nation Capable
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Societal KM 2004/ 23 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
The Early Focus:Strengthen Operations by Improving Knowledge
and Its Availability with IT and LO
The Emerging Focus:Make the Enterprise More Competitive from
Strategic Perspectives by Creating and Utilizing Knowledge and Personal Understanding
“To Survive and Prosper You Need to Innovate Faster Than Your Competitors
– It is Not Enough to Learn Faster!”
KM’s Role Is Changing KM’s Role Is Changing
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Societal KM 2004/ 24 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
KM Scope Shifts to Wider FocusKM Scope Shifts to Wider Focus
OperationalFocus
TacticalFocus
StrategicFocus
Long-TermPurpose
Focus
TaskOriented
Focus
FutureKM Distributions 1990s
KM Distributions
1980sKM Distributions
Qualitative Estimates
RelativeFrequency
KnowledgeScope
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Societal KM 2004/ 25 Copyright © 2004 Knowledge Research Institute, Inc.
Every Society Is Different.Only Broad Knowledge and Deep Understanding Can Provide the
Innovation and Adaptations Needed to Make the Society Successful!
Societal KM Is the Innovation Enabler by Providing the Driving Intellectual Capital Resources!
Societal KM and Innovation Are KeySocietal KM and Innovation Are Key