SOCIAL STUDIES

SOCIAL STUDIES

Third GradeWeek Five

All classes of people suffered as a result of the Civil War. Which class lost their wealth and property as a result of not being able to export cotton and the Union army burning buildings?

The elite plantation owners

Which class of people lost many lives, money, and property as a result of fighting in the Civil War?

The independent farmers and middle and lower classes

Which group of people stayed home to tend to businesses and farms, served as nurses, and lost sons, husbands and brothers as a result of the Civil War?

Women

Which group of people lacked for food, continued to work on plantations, were allowed to join the Union army once freed, and were used to build forts for the Confederate Army?

African American slaves

During the Civil War, as African Americans were freed, whites feared that the African American slaves would revolt. African Americans wanted to exercise their full rights of American citizenship. What did this lead to?

Increased racial tension

After the Civil War, the plantation system collapsed as a result of the freeing of the slaves. What new system of agriculture saved the cotton economy?

The agricultural and cotton economy survived due to the development of sharecropping.

How did the massive destruction from the Civil War affect SC’s economy?

Cities, towns, factories and railroads were destroyed. Confederate money had no value anymore and couldn’t be used to pay taxes, pay workers or rebuild destroyed homes.

The Reconstruction Period in SC forced the ratification of the 14th Amendment? What effects did this have on African Americans?

African Americans were to be treated as citizens of the US.

What were some of the positive effects of the Reconstruction Period?

SC ratified the 14th Amendment and recognized the rights of African Americans to be treated as US citizens. Public schools were established. Textile mills were built. Natural resources (water) were used to power the mills.

What were the causes of racial tension during the Reconstruction Period?

African Americans were now able to vote and hold office. Whites despised this and tried to intimidate them by burning their houses and churches, refusing to participate in government while African Americans could, and refusing to go to school with them.

What major industry developed in SC in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

Textile mills

What conditions helped make mills successful in SC?

SC had many rivers that mills could be built along so that the water could make hydroelectric power to run machinery.

How did textile mills change the way people in SC lived?

People moved to towns built near textile mills so that they could find work.

What was a major help in making the textile industry a success in SC?

Railroads were laid near the textile mills and helped people and goods move across the state and country.

What other technological inventions came about during this time? How did they impact SC?

Telephone, electricity, and automobiles. Though many South Carolinians could not afford cars, automobiles lead to more paved roads in the state.

What were the Jim Crow laws?

Jim Crow laws were laws passed by the SC legislature and suppressed the rights of African Americans in SC.

Every part of life was separate due to the Jim Crow laws. Name some of the ways African Americans lives were affected:

African Americans could not ride in the same railroad car, use the same public restrooms, or eat in the same restaurants as whites. They had to sit in the balcony of theaters.

How did the Jim Crow laws affect the rights of African Americans to vote?

African Americans had to pass a literacy test on the Constitution. Even if they could read, the white poll worker said they were illiterate and could NOT vote.

What were some of the causes of the cotton industry’s rise and fall in the late 19th and 20th centuries?

Rise-Textile mills were built-WW I and WW II created the need for cotton for lots of soldier’s uniforms

Fall-Cotton depleted soil of its nutrients-Low prices due to too much supply-Low demand for cotton -Boll weevil attacked cotton crops-Development of synthetic fibers

When the cotton economy fell, how did tourism help SC during this time?

Tourism developed because the state promoted the SC coast. Charleston and Myrtle Beach became big tourist attractions.

How did tourism specifically help the SC economy?

More money and jobs came to SC because many hotels were opened, highways and states roads were improved, and air conditioning made more people want to come the SC.