Social Psychology Cole Michael Edging Michael Todter.

Social PsychologySocial Psychology

Cole Michael EdgingCole Michael Edging

Michael TodterMichael Todter

Group DynamicsGroup Dynamics

Group Structure:Group Structure: The network of roles, The network of roles, communication pathways, and power in a communication pathways, and power in a groupgroup

Ex: The army or an athletic teamEx: The army or an athletic team

Group Cohesiveness:Group Cohesiveness: The degree of The degree of attraction among group members or their attraction among group members or their commitment to remaining in the groupcommitment to remaining in the group

Ex: Those who stick together; therefore causing them to stand or sit Ex: Those who stick together; therefore causing them to stand or sit close together, pay more attention to one another, and show more close together, pay more attention to one another, and show more signs of mutual affectionsigns of mutual affection

Group CohesivenessGroup Cohesiveness Group StructureGroup Structure

Attribution ProcessesAttribution Processes One attribution process is Fundamental Attribution One attribution process is Fundamental Attribution

Error.Error. Fundamental Attribution Error:Fundamental Attribution Error: The tendency to The tendency to

attribute the behavior of others to internal causes attribute the behavior of others to internal causes (personality, likes, and so forth)(personality, likes, and so forth)

Ex in book: kid thinks Macy likes parties, but really she only goes because Ex in book: kid thinks Macy likes parties, but really she only goes because she plays the tuba at themshe plays the tuba at them

Actor-Observer Bias:Actor-Observer Bias: Making attributions of others Making attributions of others behaviors through internal causes, while behaviors through internal causes, while attributing one’s own behavior to external causes.attributing one’s own behavior to external causes.

Ex: being late to something, and saying it was because you were held up Ex: being late to something, and saying it was because you were held up from events beyond your control. from events beyond your control.

Interpersonal AttractionInterpersonal Attraction

Interpersonal Attraction:Interpersonal Attraction: Social Social attraction to another person.attraction to another person.

Ex: interested in someone because of their personality, who Ex: interested in someone because of their personality, who are kind and understanding, and who like us in return.are kind and understanding, and who like us in return.

Conformity, Compliance, Conformity, Compliance, ObedienceObedience

Conformity:Conformity: Bringing one’s behavior into agreement Bringing one’s behavior into agreement or harmony with norms or with the behavior of others or harmony with norms or with the behavior of others in a group.in a group.

Ex: Jumping off a cliff because everyone else is doing it.Ex: Jumping off a cliff because everyone else is doing it.

Compliance:Compliance: Bending to the requests of a person who Bending to the requests of a person who has little of no authority or other form of social has little of no authority or other form of social power.power.

Ex: listening to a student, who is taking over the class for a teacher.Ex: listening to a student, who is taking over the class for a teacher.

Obedience:Obedience: Conformity to the demands of an Conformity to the demands of an authority.authority.

Ex: Taking notes when teacher tells the class to do so.Ex: Taking notes when teacher tells the class to do so.

ConformityConformity

ObedienceObedience

ComplianceCompliance

AttitudesAttitudes

Definition of attitude: a learned tendency Definition of attitude: a learned tendency to respond to people, objects or to respond to people, objects or institutions in a positive or negative wayinstitutions in a positive or negative way

Attitude formation-attitudes are acquired Attitude formation-attitudes are acquired in several basic ways-in several basic ways- Direct contact- personal experience with Direct contact- personal experience with

object of attitudeobject of attitude Interaction with others- personal experience Interaction with others- personal experience

with people holding a particular attitudewith people holding a particular attitude

Attitude ChangeAttitude Change

Persuasion-and deliberate attempt to change attitude or Persuasion-and deliberate attempt to change attitude or beliefs with info and argumentsbeliefs with info and arguments Communicator-the person presenting argument/infoCommunicator-the person presenting argument/info Message-the content of communicator’s arguments or Message-the content of communicator’s arguments or

presentationpresentation Audience- the person or group toward whom a persuasive Audience- the person or group toward whom a persuasive

message is directedmessage is directed Forced attitude change- Forced attitude change-

Brainwashing-engineered or forced attitude change Brainwashing-engineered or forced attitude change involving a captive audienceinvolving a captive audience

Cults- group that professes great devotion to some person Cults- group that professes great devotion to some person and follows that person almost without question; cult and follows that person almost without question; cult members are typically victimized by their leaders in members are typically victimized by their leaders in carious wayscarious ways

Organizational BehaviorOrganizational Behavior

AggressionAggression

Aggression-any action carried out with the Aggression-any action carried out with the intention of harming another personintention of harming another person InstinctsInstincts Biological basis-low blood sugar, allergies, specific Biological basis-low blood sugar, allergies, specific

brain injuries, diseases, higher hormone levelsbrain injuries, diseases, higher hormone levels Frustration-leads to aggression. Frustration-leads to aggression.

Aversive stimuli-any stimulus that produces discomfort Aversive stimuli-any stimulus that produces discomfort or displeasureor displeasure

Aggression cues- stimuli or signals that are associated Aggression cues- stimuli or signals that are associated with aggression and that tend to elicit itwith aggression and that tend to elicit it

Social learning-combines learning principles with Social learning-combines learning principles with cognitive processes, socialization, and modeling to cognitive processes, socialization, and modeling to explain behavior explain behavior

Antisocial BehaviorAntisocial Behavior

Antisocial personality- a person who Antisocial personality- a person who lacks a conscience; is emotionally lacks a conscience; is emotionally shallow, impulsive, selfish; and tends shallow, impulsive, selfish; and tends to manipulate othersto manipulate others Sometimes calledSometimes called

SociopathsSociopaths PsychopathsPsychopaths

Seem to be incapable of having deep Seem to be incapable of having deep feelings such as guilt, shame, fear, feelings such as guilt, shame, fear, loyalty, loveloyalty, love