social anxiety disorder

HAFIZ USMAN (GROUP LEADER)

QURATULIANE FATIMA

AROOJ RASHAD BUTT

AROOSA ASLAM

ASIA SHAHZADI

MOHSIN

SIDRA SALEEM

AZKA BABAR

INTRODUCTIONBY USMAN

TYPES OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDERBY QURATULAIN

CAUSES BY AROOJ

SIGN AND SYMPTOMSBY ASIA

TREATMENTBY SIDRA AND MOHSIN

EFFECTED PERSONALITYBY AROOSA

IMPACT ON SOCIETYBY AZKA

CONCLUSION

Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia,involves intense fear of certain social situations—especially situations that are unfamiliar or in whichyou feel you’ll be watched or evaluated by others.

Public speech fear Meeting with new people

Early as 400 B.C. During this time, Hippocrates

described the overly shy person as someone

who "loves darkness as life"

and "thinks every man observes him."

Early 1900s: In the early part of the 20th century,

psychiatrists used terms such as social phobia and

social neurosis to refer to extremely shy patients

1950s: South African psychiatrist Joseph Wolpe

paved the way for later advances in

behavioral therapy for

phobias through his work.

Developing systematic desensitization

Techniques.

1960s: British psychiatrist Isaac Marks

proposed that social phobias be

considered a distinct category

Separate from other simple

phobias.

1968: In the second edition of the Diagnostic and

Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-II),

published by the American Psychiatric

Association, social fears were

described as a specific phobia

of social situations or an excessive

fear of being observed.

1980: In the third edition of the DSM (DSM-III),

social phobia was included as an official

psychiatric diagnosis. In this edition, social

phobia was described as a fear of performance

situations, and did not include fears of less formal

situations such as casual conversations. People

with such broad fears were more likely to be

diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder.

1985: Psychiatrist Michael Liebowitz

and clinical psychologist Richard Heimberg

initiated a call to action for

research on social phobia.

1987:DSM-III leads to diagnostic criteria.,symptoms Finally, the term "generalized socialanxiety disorder," was introduced.

1994: The DSM-IV is published and the term socialanxiety disorder (SAD) replaces social phobia.

1995 to present: research attention has focused on.Cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques andmedications etc.

PANIC DISORDER

OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD)

POST-TRAUMATIC STRES DISORDER (PTSD)

SPECIFIC ANXIETY DISORDER

SPECIFIC PHOBIAS

GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

A panic attack is a sudden surge of overwhelming fear

that comes without warning and without any obvious

reason.

Racing heartbeat

Terror that is almost paralyzing

Trembling, sweating, shaking

Choking, chest pains

Hot flashes, or sudden chills

Fear that you're going to go crazy or are

about to die

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is

uncontrollable, unwanted thoughts and repetitive,

ritualized behaviors you feel compelled to perform.

OBSESSIONS:Involuntary, seemingly uncontrollable thoughts,

images, or impulses that occur over and over again in

your mind.

COMPULSIONS:Behaviors or rituals that you feel driven to act out again

and again. Usually, compulsions are performed in an

attempt to make obsessions go away.

Washers afraid of contamination. They usually have hand-washing compulsions.

Checkers repeatedly check things. Doubters and sinners afraid that if everything

isn’t perfect just right something terrible will happen.

Counters and arrangers obsessed with order and symmetry.

Hoarders fear that something bad will happen if they throw anything away. use.

Post-traumatic stress disorder, is an anxiety problem

that develops in some people after extremely

traumatic events, such as combat, crime, an accident

or natural disaster.

Phobia is an irrational and excessive fear of an object

or situation. In most cases, the phobia involves a

sense of endangerment or a fear of harm.

SOCIAL PHOBIAS—fear of social situations.

AGORAPHOBIA —fear of being trapped in an

inescapable place or situation.

SPECIFIC PHOBIAS—fear of a specific object

(such as snakes).

A marked, persistent fear of a clearly discern able,

circumscribed object or situation. Adult sufferers

recognize that the fear is out of proportion to reality.

THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT—fear of

lightening, water, storms, etc.

ANIMAL—fear of snakes, rodents, spiders, etc.

MEDICAL—fear of seeing blood, receiving

injections, visiting a doctor, etc.

SITUATIONAL—fear of bridges, leaving the

home, driving, etc.

Physical symptoms include:

Blushing

Nausea

Excessive sweating

Trembling or shaking

Difficulty speaking

Dizziness

Rapid heart rate

Worrying intensely about social situations.

Worrying about embarrassing yourself in a social

situation.

Worrying that other people will notice you

are stressed or nervous.

Needing a drink to face a social situation.

Missing school or work because of anxiety.

Fear of situations in which you may be judged

Fear that others will notice that you look anxious

Avoiding doing things or speaking to people out of

fear of embarrassment

Avoiding situations where you might be the center of

attention

Difficulty making eye contact

Difficulty talking

Genetic causes are run in family.

According to The American Psychiatric Association:

"anxiety disorders run in families.

For example, if one identical twin has an anxiety

disorder, the second twin is likely to have an anxiety

disorder as well, which suggests that genetics-

possibly in combination with life experiences-makes

some people more susceptible to these illnesses"

Jerome Kagan, Ph.D. has researched the genetic causes

of SAD at Harvard. He study children infancy to the

adolescence.

He discovered that 10 to 15% child are shy fearful in

their infancy they have much higher rate of social

anxiety disorder in their adolescence.

This negative causes of social anxiety disorder are

related to the past experience.

This causes are more related to the children.

Negative experience are:

Bulling

Family conflict

Teasing

Rejection

DOPAMINE: The level of dopamine are lower in

those in people who have social anxiety disorder.

SEROTONIN : There is some evident that people with

social anxiety disorder have reduce serotonin

receptors.

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate

mood and emotions, among other things. People with

social anxiety disorder may be extra-sensitive to the

effects of serotonin.

A structure in the brain called the amygdala (uh-MIG-

duh-luh) may play a role in controlling the fear

response.

The amygadla is hypersensitive in people with social

anxiety disorder. This result in affected people

overestimating social threats.

Social anxiety disorders can be treated by following therapies.

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Family therapy

Exposure therapy

Group therapy

Home treatment

Helps people to identify cognitive

patterns or thoughts and emotions that

are linked with behavior.

Addresses negative patterns and

distortions in the way we look at the

world and ourselves.

Example of glass.

Effective for the treatment of phobias,

addictions, schizophrenia, and

depression.

I. Cognitive therapy :

o Examines how negative thoughts, or cognitions,

contribute to anxiety.

o Aims to change the way of thinking.

o identification and challenging negative thoughts

with positive thoughts.

o Examines how you behave and react in

situation

that trigger anxiety.

o Decrease negative thoughts, cognitions and

emotions.

Play vital role in the treatment of social anxiety

disorder.

Advantageous for family members to be included in

treatment process.

Therapist spend few hours each week with patient

Exposes you to the situation or objects you

fear.

Learn how to gradually face social situations,

rather than avoiding them.

Fear of height….face the

fear….control….diminish.

Learning social skills and techniques to help

interact with people in social settings.

Participants in group therapy with others who

have same fear may make one feel less alone.

Avoiding caffeine : foods such as coffee,

chocolate and soda.

Getting plenty of sleep : eight hours per night.

TREATMENT OF ANXIETY DISORDER

BY

MEDICAYION & Complementary &

Alternative Treatment

A drug or other form of medicine that is used to treat or prevent disease,Many different types of medications are used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, including.

Anti-anxiety drugs such as benzodiazepines Antidepressants and Beta-blockers.

Medication can relieve some symptoms of anxiety,

but it also comes with side effects and safety

concerns, there is also the risk of addiction

Non-drug treatments may not relieve your anxiety as

quickly as medication, but they can produce lasting

results

Anti-anxiety drugs, also known as tranquilizers, are

medications that relieve anxiety by slowing down the

central nervous system.

Anti-anxiety drugs are the most widely used type of

medication for anxiety and have also side effects

Antidepressant medications for anxiety

Buspirone (BuSpar)

Beta blocker medications for anxiety

Antidepressants are drugs used for the treatment of anxiety disorders,

Obsessive compulsive disorder, Eating disorders,

Buspirone, also known by the brand name BuSpar, is

a newer anti-anxiety drug that acts as a mild

tranquilizer

It takes about two weeks to start working on anxiety

However, it has several advantages over the older

anti-anxiety drugs:, it doesn’t impair memory, it’s not

very addictive,

Beta blockers are a type of medication used to treat,

anxiety, high blood pressure and heart problems.

When you take beta blockers, the heart beats more

slowly and with less force, thereby reducing blood

pressure.

The following complementary and alternative

practices are currently used to treat anxiety and

anxiety disorders:

Stress and Relaxation Techniques

Yoga

Kava

Relaxation techniques have also been used to relieve

anxiety for people in stressful situations

They were more effective than, no treatment for

depression

Kava is a crop of the western Pacific. Kava is used to calm anxiety, stress, and

restlessness, and treat sleep problems (insomnia) It has also had a positive impact on reducing

anxiety and depression levels.

Yoga is a physical exercise, which combines physical postures, breathing exercises, meditation,.

Regular yoga practice can help you stay calm and relaxed in daily life and can also give you the strength to face events as they come without getting restless.

She is an Australian swimmer and Olympic Medalist.

Susie experienced social anxiety disorder during her

career when faced with being in the spotlight.

Ricky Williams is a football player.

This football player diagnosed with social anxiety

disorder has spent time during his professional

career.

Khalil Greene is a shortstop for the St.Lious Cardinals.

He was placed on the disabled list in 2009 because of

social anxiety disorder.

Dontrelle Willis is a professional baseball player.

He was placed on the disabled list in the early 2009

because of social anxiety disorder.

Zack Greinke is a professional baseball player.

He has battled depression and social anxiety disorder.

1-Barbra Streisand is a celebrity. She won academic

award and she is best-spelling artist on the Reading

Industry Association of America’s (RIAA) Top

Spelling Album Artist list.

2-She is suffering from social anxiety disorder.

1-He is also a celebrity.

2-He has disclosed a diagnosis of social anxiety

disorder and he has been candid about his

experiences, the treatment he has received, and how

he has coped.

social Anxiety disorders are the most common

mental illness in the U.S. Affecting 40 million

adults in the United States of age group 18

years old.

Rate of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in U.S. is 7.1

to 7.9% and in Taiwan is 0.4%. South American

countries had prevalence rates similar to the U.S.

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) rates in Korea, China

and Japan are 0.6%, 0.2% and 0.8% respectively.

Tiredness and lack of energy

Headaches and muscular tension

Loss of appetite

Palpitations

Diarrhea

Frequent urination

Feeling of fear

Excessive worrying

Panic attacks

Loss of confidence

Low self-esteem

Poor memory and

concentration

Obsessive thoughts

General lack of interest in normal activities.

Adverse effect on relationships, work, and other

social activities.

Panicky in social situations or in crowds.

Avoiding people.

Tongue tied during conversation.

Lack of patience and irritability with others.

Social phobia occurs in women twice as often as in men.

Anxiety disorders develop from a complex set of risk factors

Its not uncommon for someone with an anxiety

disorder to also suffer from depression. Everyone has

felt anxious or embarrassed at one time or another.

Always Be confident and never lose it. Never attention what people said. You can never keep happy and satisfied all

peoples of world. Encourage those who suffer in this problem. Don’t disheart these people.