Smart Grids in India: A W ay Forward A W ay Forward 1 Dr.VSK Murthy Balijepalli NSGM (MoP)/ India Smart Grid Task Force Inter-Ministerial Group
Smart Grids in India:
A Way ForwardA Way Forward
1
Dr. VSK Murthy Balijepalli
NSGM (MoP)/ India Smart Grid Task Force
Inter-Ministerial Group
What What is Sustainability?is Sustainability?
“Meeting the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future
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compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.”
Smart Grid-Concept
Wind Generation
Solar GenerationSmart Transmission & Distribution
Thermal Generation
Energy Storage
Image Source: www.sas.com
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3
Smart Home
Nuclear Generation
Customer Service Monitoring & Control
Smart Building
Smart Vehicle
Energy Storage
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Multi-directional ‘flows’
Smart Grid Environment
Seamless integration
End-consumer real time Information & participation
EHV transmission blocks
RT Monitoring
Central & dispersed sources
PHEV usage
Central & dispersed intelligence
Seamless integration of new applications
Smart materials and power electronics
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Improving the efficiency and reliability of the grid
Grid Optimization
Smart Grid Applications
Storage solution and can supply electricity
back to the Grid
Electric Vehicles and Storage
Demand Response / Peak Load
Management
Load Management & Energy Efficiency
Efficient integration of Renewable Energy/B2G
with the current Electricity Grid
Renewable and DER Integration
Tapping the potential of RE and improving the
reliability of the grid.
Micro-grid
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Image source: http://www.genitronsviluppo.com/2012/04/30/smart-cities-siemens/
� Asset Optimization
� Reduction of T&D losses
� Improved Collection eff.
� Peak load management
� Reduced Power Cost
� Increased grid visibility
� Self-healing grid
� Renewable integration
� Higher Accessibility
� Improved Power reliability
� Backup requirement redn.
� Quality Power
� User friendly
� Transparent interface
� ToU tariff, DR programs
� Net metering etc.
Benefits of Smart Grid Deployment
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� Satisfied customers
� Financially sound utilities
� Tariff neutral system
modernization
� Reduction in emission
intensity
Relevance of Smart Grid in India
Power system in India has roughly doubled in last decade, growing at
8-10%/yr
Generation installed capacity of 215 GW, 4th
largest in World
“No access” to electricity for 30%
Indians
Per-capita consumption is Demand by 2032 is
12th Plan target for RE
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Per-capita consumption is just one-fourth of World
average, tendency to grow rapidly due to
electrification
Demand by 2032 is estimated above 900
GW.
12th Plan target for RE generation is 36 GW.
Current 12% share of RE will be > 20% by 2020.
National Mission on Electric Mobility: target of 6 Million EVs by 2020
An increased share of RE requires smarter
systems to manage it efficiently, and ensure its stability & reliability
Morgan Brazilian, et.al, VSK Murthy Balijepalli, “Smart and Just Grids”, UNIDO Publication
Smart Grid in India
Stakeholder Expectations
• Quality “Power for All”
• Improve reliability of supply to all customers – no power cuts!
• Improve quality of supply –no more voltage stabilizers!
• User friendly and
• Reduction of AT&C losses in all utilities to 15% or below
• Peak load management
• Reduction in power purchase cost
• Better asset management
• Satisfied customers
• Financially sound utilities
• Tariff neutral system upgrade and modernization
• Reduction in emission intensity• User friendly and
transparent interface with utilities
• Increased choices of service and tariff etc
Customers
• Better asset management
• Increased grid visibility
• Self healing
• Renewable integration
Utilities
intensity
Government & Regulators
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Smart Grid Priorities
Manage peak Integrate No more power cuts, Prosumer
enablement
Reduce AT&C losses, improve
QoS
Manage peak power,
Demand Response, EV proliferation
Integrate Renewables/ Distributed Generation efficiently
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Smart Grid Developments in India
14 Smart Grid Pilot Projects sanctioned
Smart Grid Road Map for India released
Smart Grid Knowledge Portal launched
Specifications for single Work on development of Smart Grid Standards has
Draft Model Smart Grid
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Specifications for single phase smart meters
formulated
Work on development of Smart Grid Standards has been underway through
BIS
Draft Model Smart Grid Regulations formulated
and shared with FoR
Interaction with International
organizations like ISGAN, IEEE, NEDO etc
Capacity Building being undertaken for Utilities
India as part of Global Smart Grid
activities
CIGRE
ISGAN
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Global Smart Grid Federation
ADB Regional Task Force on Smart Grid
Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) 2.0
SG Pilot Projects in India• Smart Grid initiatives started at
various Energy Distribution
Utilities
• AMI is the functionality opted by
all the utilities
MoP – Ministry of Power
1514
11 11
AMI I
AMI R
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AMI I – Advanced Metering Infrastructure-Industrial
AMI R – Advanced Metering Infrastructure-Residential
OM – Outage Management
PLM – Peak Load Management
PQ – Power Quality
DG – Distributed Generation
Microgrid
0
5
10
11
8
11
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AMI R
OM
PLM
PQ
DG
Microgrid
Key Summary of Pilots
0
2
4
6
8
2
1
7
2
3
No
. o
f U
tili
tie
s
Date of Award
Mar'14
Oct'14
Feb'15
Retendering
Under Progress
Award
Mar 2014 – CESC, UGVCL (PoC)
Oct 2014 – UHBVN (Implemented by NEDO, Japan.
Feasibility Study in progress)
Feb 2015 – APDCL, CSPDCL, TSSPDCL, HPSEB, PSPCL,
TSECL, WBSEDCL
Retendering – KSEB, MSEDCL
Under Progress – JVVNL, PED, IITK
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Date of Award
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
6
5
4
No
. o
f U
tili
tie
s
Regulatory Approval
Approved
Approached
In Progress
Regulatory Approval
Approved – APDCL, HPSEB, KSEB, MSEDCL, UGVCL, WBSEDCL
Approached – CESC, CSPDCL, PSPCL, TSECL, UHBVN
In Progress – PED, JVVNL, TSSPDCL, IITK
Why a Smart Grid Roadmap ?
Smart Grids: Journey from present state of grid towards adding a set of smarter systems/applications aligned with business priorities of each utility
Successful transformation: detailed planning & development of an implementation methodology
• Processes/ Selection of technologies & standards/Resources requirements • Processes/ Selection of technologies & standards/Resources requirements
• Capacity building programs for all Stakeholders
Preparedness: APDRP, R-APDRP & RGGVY launched by GoI experience indicates adequate preparation for utilities & industries involved
Roadmap for implementation of Smart Grids will help all stakeholders which could ensure completion of projects in planned timelines
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Smart Grid Roadmap in Other
Countries
USA
• Smart Grid Drivers- Emission Reduction , DR, Grid Security, 80% RE & 100% Customer participation by 2035
• Cost: ~$4.5 B allocated for various functionalities
UK
• Formulated 40 year route map with SG drivers as Carbon Reduction, Energy Security, affordability & economic competitiveness
• Cost: ~10 B Pounds for 2010-2020
• Covering 8 Domains, 28 areas; Drivers: emission reduction, EE, RE integration, EV, Export of power; 7 Smart Grid projects completed and 18 in-
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China
integration, EV, Export of power; 7 Smart Grid projects completed and 18 in-progress
• Cost: ~$ 7.5 B for pilots across the nation
Canada
• quality, reliability, optimal usage and cost-efficiency
• Cost: ~$1.2 B from 2011-13 and more
Australia
• reducing peak load, improving efficiency, accommodating future growth in EV
• Cost: ~$100M from 2008–2012; ~$300M for grid modernization 2014-2018
“Quality Power on Demand for All by 2027”
Smart Grid Vision of India
Transform Indian power sector into a
Smart Grid Mission of India
Transform Indian power sector into a
secure, adaptive, sustainable and digitally enabled
ecosystem by 2027 that provides reliable and
quality energy for all with active participation of
stakeholders.
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Smart Grid Vision and Roadmap for India released in September 2013
http://tinyurl.com/ltccdcj
Smart Grid RoadmapD
IST
RIB
UT
ION
Quality Power for all
Electrification of 100% households
20
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24x7 quality supply on demand to all citizens
Technology trials through smart grid pilots
Full rollout of smart grids in pilot areas
National wide smart grid deployments
DIS
TR
IBU
TIO
N National wide smart grid deployments
Availability of indigenous smart meter
AMI rollout of all consumers with load > 20kW
AMI rollout of all consumers with load > 2kW
National optical fibre network
Reduce AT&C losses to below 15%
Reduce AT&C losses to below 10%
Utility specific roadmaps
Capacity building programs
Microgrids in 200 villages
Microgrids in 1000 villages
Smart Grid RoadmapT
RA
NS
MIS
SIO
N
Visibility and control of grid b/w all sources of production and consumption
20
27
Larger number of PMUs on the transmission network
Custom made PMU analytics
50,000Kms OPGW cable installed over transmission lines
TR
AN
SM
ISS
ION
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Reduce transmission losses to below 3.5%
Reduce transmission losses to below 2.5%
Renewable integration upto 30GW
Renewable integration upto 80GW
Renewable integration upto 130GW
Smart Grid RoadmapP
oli
cy,
Sta
nd
ard
s a
nd
Re
gu
lati
on
s
20
27
Finalization of norms for cyber-security
Dynamic tariffs, Feed in tariffs
Po
licy
, S
tan
da
rds
an
d R
eg
ula
tio
ns
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Policies supporting mandatory roof top solar generation
Promoting data standards in all domains of smart grids
EV charging facilities
Demand Response ready appliances
Smart Grid Roadmap
Mandatory roof top solar power generation
• for large establishments with connected load >20Kw
EV charging facilities
DISTRIBUTION:
EV charging facilities
• At available consumer spaces
• Quick/fast charging facilities in fuel stations
Microgrids
• 200 villages by 2017
• 1000 villages by 2022
• To ensure minimum 8 hrs of electric supply
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Appropriate policies and programs to provide access for electricity for all
• Life line supply (to be defined) by 2015
• Electrification of 100% households by 2017
DISTRIBUTION:
• Electrification of 100% households by 2017
• 24x7 quality supply on demand to all citizens by 2027
Integrated technology trials
• Through a set of smart grid pilot projects by 2015
• Based on Outcome of Pilots, full rollout of smart grids in pilot project areas by 2017 in urban areas (to be defined) by 2022
• Nationwide deployment by 2027
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Availability of an indigenous smart meter by 2014
• AMI roll out for all customers with load > 20 KW by 2017
• with load > 10 KW by 2022
DISTRIBUTION:
• with load > 10 KW by 2022
• for all consumers by 2027
Formulation of effective customer outreach and communication programs
• for active involvement of consumers in the smart grid implementation
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Utility specific strategic roadmap(s)
• Required business process reengineering, change management and capacity building programs to be initiated by 2014
DISTRIBUTION:
and capacity building programs to be initiated by 2014
Enabling programs and projects in distribution utilities to reduce AT&C losses
• below 15% by 2017
• below 12% by 2022
• below 10% by 2027
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Conversion of existing distribution sub-stations to GIS based substations
• in Metro Cities in a phased manner (by 2022)
National Optical Fibre Network
DISTRIBUTION:
National Optical Fibre Network
• Connecting all the 2,50,000 Gram panchayats in the country by Optical FibreCable
• Fiber optic link at the nearest 33/11 kV substation to support smart grid in distribution by 2015
Efficient scheduling and dispatch of distributed energy resources (including captive plants)
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Development of technologies and solutions
• To manage peak demand, optimal use of installed capacity and reduce load shedding and black-outs
• Microgrids, storage options, virtual power plants (VPP), vehicle to grid
DISTRIBUTION:
• Microgrids, storage options, virtual power plants (VPP), vehicle to grid (V2G), solar to grid (PV2G), and building to grid (B2G) technologies
Completion of existing complementary or building block projects as part of RAPDRP
• Consumer indexing, Asset Mapping and System strengthening activities etc.
Improvement in power quality and quantum across the board
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Development of a reliable, secure and resilient grid
• enables greater visibility and control of efficient power flow between all sources of production and consumption by 2027
TRANSMISSION
between all sources of production and consumption by 2027
• Implementation of Wide Area Monitoring System by 2017
Support implementation of smart grid technologies
• 50,000 Kms of OPGW cable to be installed over transmission lines by the year 2017
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Enabling programs and projects in transmission utilities to reduce transmission losses
• to below 3.5% by 2017
TRANSMISSION
• to below 3.5% by 2017
• to below 2.5% by 2022
Implement power system enhancements to facilitate evacuation and integration
• 30 GW renewable capacity by 2017
• 80 GW by 2022
• 130 GW by 2027
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Establishment of CERT-Distribution and finalization of norms for cyber security (including audit) of distribution systems by 2014
Policies for grid-interconnection of captive/consumer
POLICY, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
Policies for grid-interconnection of captive/consumer generation facilities (including renewables)
• technically feasible into consideration
• policies for roof-top solar
• policies for peaking power stations
Policies for Incentivizing Utility employees based on KPIs
28
Smart Grid Roadmap
Policies supporting improved tariffs such as
• dynamic tariffs based on frequency bands or time of day basis
• variable tariffs including demand response programs for Critical peak pricing
POLICY, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
• variable tariffs including demand response programs for Critical peak pricing
Policies for public infrastructure
• EV charging facilities by 2015
• DR ready appliances by 2020
Development of appropriate power system standards for smart grid development in India
• active involvement in smart grid standards development
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Encourage participation of customers in the energy markets that make them “prosumers”
OTHER ISSUES
• tariff mechanisms like feed in tariffs that are higher
• new energy products
• energy options and programs to – producers and consumers
Create an effective information exchange platform in real time which will lead to the development of energy markets
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Smart Grid Roadmap
Creation of adequate resource pools
• Investment in research and development, training
OTHER ISSUES
• Investment in research and development, training and capacity building programs
• export of smart grid know-how, products and services
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Smart Grid Roadmap
• Expectations From INDUSTRY/ VENDORS
Emerge as effective system integrators while providing the
IT/communication systems to the utilities
Promote vendor coalitions for cross domain knowledge sharing
across ICT and power sector domains to develop vendor cooperative eco-system for delivering better solutions
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utilities cooperative eco-system for delivering better solutions
Develop Indigenous technologies to provide solutions for the
unique problems of the electricity sector in the
country, in turn expected to boost National economy
Develop capabilities to export of Smart Grid products, solutions
and services to overseas
Smart Grid Roadmap
• Expected timelines with key activities
12th Plan (2012 – 2017)
• Completion of pilots
• Augmentation of data centers and
13th Plan (2017 – 2022)
• Nationwide AMI roll out for customers >10KW load
• Mandatory Roof Top
14th Plan (2022 – 2027)
• Development of 50 Smart cities.
• Mandatory roof top solar
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centers and communication network for AMI Roll out
• Distribution Automation & GIS/Automated distribution s/stns.
• Development of indigenous smart meter
• Dynamic tariffs, Sustainability Initiatives –promoting distributed generation
• Mandatory Roof Top Solar for large establishments
• Total Renewable integration of 80GW;
• EV charging infrastructure
• Development of micro grids in total 1000 villages
• Distribution Automation
solar
• Total Renewable integration of 130 GW; 10% EV penetration
• Nationwide AMI roll out for customers
• Continuous Research &Development ;
• Choice of electricity supplier
• Stable 24X7 power supply
(more details are available in the published roadmap available at - http://tinyurl.com/ltccdcj)
Regulations for Smart Grid
• Implement specific Tariff Structure to
Tariff Design
�Product Standards
�System Standards
Safety and Standards
�Review and Approval of Smart Grid Investments
Investment
�Constitution of Smart Grid Cell
Smart Grid Cell & Nodal Officer
�Awareness and Capacity Building
�Customer
Customer Engagement
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Structure to promote deployment
• Process of tariff setting
Standards
�Performance Standards
�Network and Communication Standards
�Customer Data Protection Standards
Investments
�Recovery of Costs
�Role of Smart Grid Consultation Committee (SG-CC)
�Evaluation, Measurement & Verification
�Appointment of Nodal Officer
�Customer Participation and Incentives
�Consumer or Prosumer Dispute Redressal Process
Regulatory challenges and requirements have been addressed to Forum of Regulators (FoR) in January 2014
Ongoing Steps…Rollout!
• Institutional Framework for Smart Grid
Development – Approval of National Smart
Grid Mission (NSGM)
– Budget outlay of Rs 980 Cr.– Budget outlay of Rs 980 Cr.
– Special National Project Monitoring Unit
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Role of NSGM
• Policies, Goals and Strategies for Mission
• Identification of critical areas for concerted action
• Policy and Regulatory Framework• Policy and Regulatory Framework
• Research and Development
• Capacity Building
• International Collaboration
• Financing
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Ministry of Power
NSGM Governing Council; Chair: Minister of Power
NSGM Empowered Committee
Chair: Secretary (MoP)
Recommend
atory
/advisory in
National PMU (NPMU) at POWERGRID
Policy, PlanninData
Management
Research &
Development, T
Projects,
Training &
Director NPMU
Technical
Committee
Chair: CEA
Chairperson
Smart Grid
Knowledge
Centre
EESL & Other
Consultants
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/advisory in
nature
State Level Mission
Chair – State Secretary (Power)
Consumers, Civil
society
organizations and
local government
(including
RWAs, village
panchayats, etc.)
Policy, Plannin
g and
Monitoring Unit
Management
and Cyber
Security Unit
Development, T
echnology &
Standards Unit
Training &
Capacity Building Unit
State Smart Grid Mission Units (SSGMU)
Distribution Utilities
Centre
Methodology of Rollout
Leveraging R-APDRP infrastructure for Smart
Grids.
Development of microgrids in islands, SEZs, institutions
and commercial hubs.
Promotion of EVs in coordination with NMEM
through subsidies.
Distributed Generation in form of Roof top solar
photovoltaic's, wind mills etc
Technology Demonstration Projects including Real time
monitoring of DTs and usage of Harmonic Filter
etc.
Microgrid pilot projects for villages, academic
campuses, hospitals etc. in both “Stand-alone” (Off-
grid) and “On grid” modes.
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Targets in 12th PlanNSGM shall focus on coordinating development of Smart Grid in 20 medium sized cities with SCADA under R-APDRP in phased
10 cities in FY 2015-16
10 cities in FY 2016-17
APDRP in phased manner
The support from NSGM for implementation of Smart Grids in these cities, to start with, would consist of
Setting up of State level PMUs for NSGM and capacity building
Formulation of projects including Pre-feasibility studies, Technology selection, Cost-benefit analysis, Financing models etc.
Support for setting up of project implementation teams in utilities for each city
Training and Capacity Building for project implementation team
Technology selection guidelines and best practices
Consumer Awareness / Engagement initiatives
Project Appraisal post implementation
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Scope for R&D!
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Smart Metering with AMI
Demand Response for Peak Management (DSM is not DR)
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Have you identified
the required
functionalities for
DR?
Development process for DSM/DR
•Awareness
•Training
•Demonstration •Identifying use-cases
Initial application phase •Standards based
infrastructure
•Perfect electricity price policy •End-consumer oriented
Feedback and reinforcement phase
Progress so far
•Demonstration
•Communication
Introduction and dissemination phase
•Identifying use-cases
•Type of tariff (Eg: ToU)
•Identifying the participants
and opportunities
•Pilot project implementation
•Perfect electricity price policy
•Energy Efficiency
Commissioning phase
•End-consumer oriented services
•Data analysis
•Deriving functionalities
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At present, we are implementing Economic DSM/DR
A consolidated roadmap for the DSM/DR with the
region specific priorities towards implementing
Emergency DR, Economic DR, Ancillary Services
DR, Capacity DR has to be prepared immediately
Renewable integration• New Grid Environment: Promoting Grid-
connected rooftops PV systems
�Challenges to existing grid:�Often small scale, distributed�Intermittency�Energy storage / discharge
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�Energy storage / discharge
Are you
prepared?
V S K Murthy Balijepalli
Electric vehicle penetration • Challenges to dist. grid:
– Load impact
• uncontrolled charging
• clustering charging
– Administrative issues– Administrative issues
– Billing issues
• Keep track of charging and bill correctly
• “Roaming” charging
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Is your present grid
able to accommodate
PHEV?
Advanced Distribution Automation• Distribution Automation
enables large penetration of distributed (renewable) generations, EVs and demand response applications, but has its demand response applications, but has its own challenges to utilities too:– Communication system
– Data management
– System integration
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Are the present
systems open
standards based?
V S K Murthy Balijepalli
Emerging Retail markets with Smart Grids
• Introduction of power
quality based services
and increase
priorities towards
“retail” players
• Increasing needs of
Future market structure
• Increasing needs of
reactive power at the
load end and
increasing focus on
power quality due to
increased usage of
sensitive equipments.
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Big Picture
Smart Grid and the Consumer
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usage information
access to energy
usage information in
different data standards
No standardization of Meter data in India
for SG consumer applications!!!
Standardization of Energy Usage Data?
Utility/consumer
boundary
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GREEN BUTTON
standardized data format
Standardization of Meter data/Open Datasolution
Standardization of Energy Usage Data?
Utility/consumer
boundary
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High-level use cases for future Research
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Download green button oriented
View the green button class
relationships
Option for addition of ext. classesP
rim
ary
ke
y o
pti
on
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Download customized green
Button profile (ref.) for your application
Download green button oriented
database tables
Green Button extensions for
implementing Indian use cases
Option for selection of classes
Option for addition of attributes
under each class
Pri
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Fore
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A Way Forward!Formulation of effective customer outreach and communication programmes for active involvement of consumers in the smart grid implementation.
Development of utility specific strategic roadmap. Required business process reengineering, change management and capacity building programmes to be initiated by 2014.
Development of microgrids, storage options, virtual power plants (VPP), vehicle to grid (V2G), solar to grid (PV2G), and building to grid (B2G) technologies in order to grid (V2G), solar to grid (PV2G), and building to grid (B2G) technologies in order to manage peak demand, optimal use of installed capacity and reduce load shedding and black outs.
Investment in research and development, training and capacity building programmes for creation of adequate resource pools for developing and implementing smart grid technologies in India as well as export of smart grid know-how, products and services.
Development of appropriate standards for smart grid development in India
Sustainable Campus
• Guiding principles evaluate:
– “Environmental Education, Energy & Utilities,
Student Activism & Participation, Solid Waste
Management, Dining Services, Landscaping & Management, Dining Services, Landscaping &
Grounds, Printing Services, Purchasing,
Transportation & Parking”
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Existing Programs at Universities in abroad
• Yale– “Blueprint for a Sustainable Campus” by 450 delegates (46pp.)
www.envirocitizen.org/blueprint/blueprint.pdf.
• Harvard www.greencampus.harvard.edu
– “Sustainable Campus” video online, Buying wind energy certificates for half the load from Minnesota, Best Practices, Biodiesel on shuttles and trucksand trucks
• Georgia Tech www.sustainable.gatech.edu
– Center for Sustainable Technology
• U. of California – Santa Cruz (UCSC) www.uscsec.org
– Using “Blueprint for a Sustainable Campus”; $3/student green fee; Campus Sustainable Council formed; “Campus Food System, Waste Prevention, Transportation, Green Purchasing, Long-Range Planning, Green Building & Renewable Energy, Curriculum & Campus Ecosystem Preservation”
1/16/2005FRL
Existing Programs at Other Universities
• MIT web.mit.edu
– Forty solar power installations
– Green Building Task Force
– Low Flow Bathroom Fixtures
• A Few More University Programs• A Few More University Programs
– U. Wisconsin
– U. Michigan
– Brown U.
– U. Penn.
– Mount Holyoke
– U. Minnesota
1/16/2005FRL
Energy Conservation
• Track Use and Cost
• Meter & Sub-meter
• Benchmark
• Life Cycle Analysis
• Retrofit and Renovate• Retrofit and Renovate
• Participate in Existing Utility Programs
• Encourage Staff and Student Involvement
• Investigate Performance Contracts
Energy Purchasing
• Improve Campus Efficiency First
• Improve Campus Load Profile and Demand
• Convert from High Emission FuelsFuels
• Purchase Clean and Green Power
• Install Renewables
• Consider Combined Heat and Power
• Carbon Sequestering
Thank You!!!
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