Smart Eating. Food & Your Body Weight Why Do We Eat? Hunger: body’s physical response to the need for food Are you really hungry? Appetite: desire,

Smart Eatin

g

Food & Your Body Weight

Why Do We Eat?

Hunger: body’s physical response to the need for food

Are you really hungry?Appetite: desire, rather than a

need, to eat certain types of foods Sight, smell, time of day, others

around you, or mood

Food Provides Energy

Carbohydrates, fats, & protein = energy-giving nutrients Carbohydrate = 4 calories per gram Protein = 4 calories per gram Fats = 9 calories per gram

Calorie: energy in measured unit

How Excess Food Energy Is Stored

Excess Carbohydrate

Excess Fat

Excess Protein

Glycogen BODY FAT

Right Breakfast Keeps you Going Usually 10 to 12hrs since last had food

Skipping breakfast can go 16hrsLack of food = lack of energy for body &

lack of glucose for your brain Fat & protein feel full longer

Ex carb = toast & orange juice Will be hungry much faster

Ex carb, protein, & fat = yogurt, cereal, & fruit Will feel full much longer

How much energy do you need?

Basal metabolic rate (BMR): minimum amount of energy needed to keep you alive when you are in a rested, fasting state, such as just after you wake up in the morning

Boys need more energy than girls Depend on your activity Depends on your weight

Calories that are burned per hour

0 100 200 300 400 500

Running

Mountain biking

Skating

Walking

TV

Balancing energy intake with energy used

Excess calories = weight gain Less calories = weight loss Some body fat is essential – stored

energy, insulation, internal organ protection Woman – 20-30% Men – 12-20%

Overweight & Obesity: a Growing Problem

Overweight: person who is heavy for his or her height

Obesity: condition in which there is an excess of body fat for one’s weight Weighs more than 20% above his or her

recommended weight range

Risk of overweight and obesity

Heart disease and high blood pressure

Certain forms of cancer, including prostate, colon, & breast cancer

Type 2 diabetesSleeping problems such as sleep

apnea

Why are so many people overweight?

Lack of physical activity Many modern

conveniences Video games & TV

Changing diet Eat more than needed Choose foods high in fat &

sugar

Maintaining A Healthy Weight

Why do you weigh what you weigh?

Heredity: passing down of traits form parent to child

Lifestyle Sedentary lifestyle:

accustomed to sit or rest a great deal or to take little exercise.

Video Questions

How does the video show sedentary lifestyle? List the items

Would you like this kind of lifestyle? Explain

Need ½ sheet of paper

Video – Walle Chapter

About the ship Chapter 14

39 min to 43 min 1st time on their chairs John falls off Everything in a cup Mary sees her world in a new light

Chapter 16 44 min to 49 min Captain See the bodies getting fatter Bones smaller

Chapter 30 125min

Healthy Weight for me Body composition: measure of

the proportion of the body weight that is made up of fat tissue compared to bone and muscle Skinfold thickness – caliper is used to

pinch a portion of skin and the underlying fat at one or more location on the body

Healthy Weight for me cont.

Body Mass Index (BMI): index of weight in relation to height that is used to asses healthy body weight

BMI = weight(lb) / height(in) / height(in) X 703 Example 158 / 68 / 68 X 703 = 24.0

Adults Overweight – 25.1 – 29.9 BMI Obese – 30 or more BMI

Healthy BMI Range

Age Boys Girls

15 16.5 – 23.4 16.2 – 24

16 17.1 – 24.2 16.7 – 24.6

17 17.6 – 25 17.3 – 25.2

18 17.8 – 25.6 17.5 – 25.7

Healthy Weight Management Plan

Weight management: program of sensible eating and exercise habits and will help keep weight at a healthy level

Eat smart, exercise more Reduce portion size Keep high-calories as a treat Increase exercise – 60 min of moderate

activity level Keep a daily log of food and exercise

Healthy Weight Management Plan cont.

Lose fat, not muscle ½ to 1 pound of weight loss per week –

prevent muscle loss 500 fewer calories per day or burn 500

calories extra each day Underweight

Check with doctor to make sure it is not a illness

Increase food intake by more meals more often Healthy high calorie foods – example (pastas)

Dangerous Weight-Loss Practices

Fad diet: diet requires major changes in your eating habits and promises quick results Atkins – no carb all meat All grapefruit

Diet pills – weight loss without need to lower calories Regain weight when no longer

taking the pills

Dangerous Weight-Loss Practices cont.

Surgery Gastric bypass –

bypass part of the stomach to the intestine

Lap band Very risky, only for

individuals with health risks

Weight Cycling

Weight cycling: the cycle of losing, regaining, losing, regaining

“Seesaw dieting” or “Yo-yo dieting”

Less healthy than being slightly over weight

Losing weight becomes harder and harder

Eating Disorders

What are Eating Disorders?

Abnormal eating patterns Never eating Dieting excessively Eating only certain types of foods Eating too much Not responding to natural feeling of fullness

or hunger Eating disorders – condition that involve

an unhealthy degree of concern about body weight and shape and that may lead to efforts of weight control by unhealthy means

Evolution of Beauty

http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=55159&title=Eating_Disorder_Awareness&ref=np026

Does this change the way you think about images you see on print or TV? Explain

Body Image and Eating Disorders

Body image: how you see and feel about your appearance and how comfortable you are with your body

Distorted body image

Body Image and Eating Disorders cont.

Society has changed – from curvy to thin

Model, TV, magazine, & clothing style – this is what everyone wants to be

Misguided notion that once the perfect figure is attained, everything in life will be fine

Life Size Barbie!

Galia Slayen made a Barbie doll that stands about 6 feet tall with a 39″ bust, 18″ waist, and 33″ hips. 

Body Image and Eating Disorders cont.

Healthy body image – you accept your body’s appearance and abilities Have realistic expectations about your

size

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa: self-starvation distorted body image, and how body weight

Obsession of being thinLow self-esteem and feel controlled

by others Consume hundreds of calories versus

thousands

440 calories a day

130 calories = 10

115 calories = 20

45 calories = 10

150 calories = 1

Anorexia Nervosa cont. Signs & Symptoms

Intense fear of weight gain Over exercising Preferring to eat alone Preoccupation with calories Extreme weight loss Loss of menstrual periods for at least 3

months Hair loss on head Hair gain on the body Depression and anxiety Weakness and exhaustion

Anorexia Nervosa cont. Treatment

Medical, psychological, and nutritional therapy to help the person regain health and develop healthy eating behaviors

Family counseling

Bulimia Nervosa Bulimia nervosa: individual repeatedly

eats large amounts of food and then uses behaviors such as vomiting or using laxatives to rid the body of the food

Purging: vomiting or misusing laxatives to rid the body of food

May consume as many as 20,000 calories in binges that last as long as 8 hrs

400 calories per 1/4lb cheeseburger

This is 25 cheeseburgers = 10,000 calories

Bulimia Nervosa cont.Signs and Symptoms

Preoccupation with body weight Bingeing with or without purging Bloodshot eyes and sore throat Dental problems Irregular menstrual periods Depression and mood swings Feeling out of control At least two bulimic episodes per week for

last least 3 months

Bulimia Nervosa cont. Treatment

Therapy to separate eating from emotions and to promote eating in response to hunger and satiety

Nutritional counseling to review nutrients needs and ways to meet them

Binge EatingBinge eating or Bingeing: eating of

a large amount of food in one sitting Binge eating but no purging ¼ to 1/3 people who enter a weight-

loss clinic may have binge eating Frequently undiagnosed

750 pound man

Binge Eating cont.

Sign and Symptoms Above-normal body weight Bingeing episodes accompanied by

feeling and guilt, shame, and loss of control

Treatment Psychological and nutritional

counseling

Getting Help

Many deny they have a problem and believe that their behavior is normal and a chosen lifestyle

Tell a trusted adult or contact an agency

Eating Disorder Awareness

http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=55159&title=Eating_Disorder_Awareness&ref=np026

List some images that stick out to you

What were some of the things the people died from?