SMART CITY 3 novembre

Forum Telecontrollo Reti Acqua Gas ed Elettriche Torino, 3-4 novembre 2011

Systems thinking per la crescita sostenibile delle nostre città

Carlo Maria Drago

IBM Italia

Challenges• Population Growth• Aging infrastructure• Declining tax revenue

Opportunities• Economic

Development• Quality of Life• Sustainability

Public Safety

Government Administration

Education

Healthcare

Transportation

Energy and Utilities

Social Services

Smart cities need to address priorities through a systems approach

A Smarter City is one that increases prosperity by…

Using information to make insightful decisions

Predicting problems to resolve them proactively

Coordinating its resources to operate effectively

Technology can help increase prosperity

Turning Information into Insight

Integrating systems and people to deliver

outcomes

55

Camera phones in existence able to document accidents, damage, and crimes

1 billionRFID tags embedded into our world and across entire ecosystems

30 billionOf new automobiles will contain event data recorders collecting travel information

85%

Instrumented Interconnected Intelligent

We can collect information from almost everything

66

Mobile phone subscribers globally

4 billionPeople on the internet by 2011

2 billionConnected devices in the “internet of things”

1 trillion

Intelligent

We can coordinate people and resources effectively

Instrumented Interconnected

77

Or one quadrillion operations per second can be calculated

1 petaflopOf new information generated every day and can now be managed

15 petabytesOf granularity for weather prediction can be modeled and measured

1 square kilometer

Interconnected

We can predict problems and respond quickly

Instrumented Intelligent

Turning information into insights: Internet of Things

• Internet-of-Things (IoT) provides the end-to-end infrastructure for a smarter planet, driving from data to information, from information to insights.

IoT will streamline the opportunities for collaboration based on a common understanding of real-time scenarios

Highest benefits are demonstrated to come from cross-domain challenges

Internet of Things

Common Architecture of IoT Infrastructure

• IoT access appliance and application gateway are two cornerstones of the IoT infrastructure• IoT infrastructure provides distributed management functions to support IoT end-to-end services

IoT Application Gateway

Physical World

Wide Area Network

IoT Access Appliances

Physical World

Sensor Network

IoT Service Platform

Smart supply chain

Smart grid

Smart healthcare

Smart building

app1 app2 app3

Data Center


Wireless Network Edge Appliance for IoT

IoT Access Appliance

Enhanced Middleware for IoT

IoT End-to-End Services (Management &

Operation)

New Technology for IoT

50,000,000,000 devices

500,000 units (1:1000)

500,000,000 units (1:100)

IoT Scenarios Show a Pattern of Customer Pain Points

• Lack of capability to design, implement, deploy, operate and manage complex IoT systems• Lack of situation awareness leading to unacceptable responsiveness and resilience• Requirement of end-to-end security

Food SafetyWater Management Grid

TransportationHome HealthcareLogistics

http://www.macadamian.com/uploads/image/medicaldevice.jpg

Example: Grid Monitoring

TransmissionDistribution and

ConsumptionGeneration

IoT Edge Appliance





IoT Edge Appliance

Control CenterIoT Application

Gateway

Differentiating technologies (e.g. PowerEN, wireless, management, security, and analytics)

IT-based platforms for integration and flexibility Global leadership in Smarter Planet ecosystem

Our Capabilities

End-to-end monitoring and control infrastructure Infrastructure flexibility for application innovations Easy and low-cost infrastructure management End-to-end infrastructure security

Client Pain Points


Gateway


Gateway

Wireless Distribution Grid Monitoring

Distribution grid monitoring, for ~150 cities, with ~100 substations deployed per city, and ~200 terminal units managed per substation

Large-scale device and network management

Private wireless network for monitoring & control

Client Requirement

IoT infrastructure with access appliances, edge appliances and application gateways

Integrated management solution to automate grid monitoring and reduce management cost

Wireless system for capability and reliability

Our Solution

Feeder Terminal Unit

Transformer Terminal Unit

Feeder Terminal Unit

Transformer Terminal Unit

IoT Application Gateway(1: 100)

IoT Edge Appliance

(1: 200)

SCADA

Wimax

Substation

Wimax

Substation

Control Center

Security Management

IoT AccessAppliance

Example: Chronic Disease Management

WAN

IoT Application

Gateway

Health RecordBank

Community Health Kiosk

EKG SaO2 Blood Glucose

EEG

physicianIoT Access Appliance

Home Health Kiosk

Oximeter Pulse


Emergency Hospital

HolterBlood Pressure

monitoring

alarmeventpersonalized

guidline

security

diagnosisassistance

privacyeventpersonalized

guidline

security

Disease Management Applications

Remote Monitoring

Health Portal

Scalable, resilient and secure infrastructure for chronic disease management

Support of applications with personalized guidelines for various chronic diseases

Continuous remote monitoring and real-time intervention

Health kiosks at communities and homes

Client Requirement

IoT infrastructure with access appliances and application gateways

Integrated service management capability

Evidence based clinical decision support

Reliable and secure backend for storing health records and performing analytics

Our Solution

HeadquarterData Center

Asset Mgmt

Port Rail TruckShip

GPRS

ActiveRFID,Zigbee

3G/GPRS

ActiveRFID,433M, Zigbee

Depot

Regional Data Center

ActiveRFID,433M

VPN

Device Mgmt Track & Trace Device Mgmt Track & Trace Device Mgmt Track & Trace

Multi-modal TransportTrack & Trace Planning

MT

position direction speed temperature humidity

Example: Container Management

VPN

IoT infrastructure with access appliances and application gateways, with access appliances installed across wide geo regions

Integrated service management capability

Our Solution

Enhance asset management with end-to-end visibility (e.g. reducing container empty ratio)

Improve operation efficiency with advanced planning and dynamic decision making

Client Requirement

IoT Capabilities Required for Effective Solutions


Support common sensor communication technologies

Manage resource-constrained sensor devices and network

Detect and handle security issues of managed devices

Provide local intelligence, and data store/processing capability

Complexity from heterogeneous, geo-distributed & large-scale deployment

IoT Application Gateways

Perform unified data mediation

Support naming, addressing and reach-ability management for sensors

Provide security services, e.g. encryption/decryption, and AAA (authentication, authorization & accounting)

Manage WAN connections

IoT End-to-End Services (Enabled via Service Management Functions at Edges)

Design, implementation, integration, deployment, operation and management of IoT systems

End-to-End Security

Security with insecure components and environment

Resilience

Availability with unreliable devices and changing environment

Collaborative Intelligence

Model-based intelligence distributed across edges

IoT Presents a New Service Opportunity for Enabling Reliable, Secure and Intelligent IoT Infrastructures

Scalable Automatic Intelligent Distributed

Real-time Integrated Predictive Actionable

System Health Check Run diagnostics

Smart Change Patch management

Auto Provisioning Firmware & software

Device Management Auto configuration

Auto Identification Tag & register

Audit & Provenance Assurance alerts

Incident Handling Automatic resolution

Designand

Build

IoT enables high-value knowledge-based Smarter Planet services

Situational awareness

Transactional transparency

Process automation and integration

Predictive decision analytics

Run and

Manage

Wide Area Network


Physical World

Sensor Network

IoT Service Platform

Smart supply chain

Smart grid

Smart healthcare

Smart building app1 app2 app3

Data Center


Security & Compliance Policy enforcement

IoT Service Scenario: Device Diagnostics Perform system diagnostics, and automatically identify device failures Streamline incident handling, and automatically resolve device failures

IoT ApplicationGateway

Performhealth check

Isolate deviceRaise exception

Processes andApplications

Perform automatic resolution (e.g. reset devices)

Respond(e.g. success/failure code)

Service Desk

Generate problem tickets (device / appliance ID, diagnostics information)


System Health Check

IncidentHandling

Report device error

2

1

3

4

5

IncidentHandling

System Health Check

Service DeskSelect devices for firmware upgrade

Send firmware upgrade requests to corresponding access appliances

Upgrade firmware for on-line devices, and record upgrade requests for off-line devices

Device group(Firmware to be upgraded)



Check pending requests for waking-up devices, and perform firmware upgrade accordingly


Perform group-based batch firmware upgrade operations Handle off-line devices when firmware upgrade cannot be performed temporarily

AutoProvisioning

AutoProvisioning

AutoProvisioning

AutoIdentification

3

2

34

1

IoT Service Scenario: Device Firmware Upgrade

infected devices



Processesand Applications

IncidentHandling

System Health Check

AutoProvisioning

AutoProvisioning

Contain infected nodes

Notify applications

Perform security upgrade

4

3

4

2

IoT Service Scenario: Security Incident Detection & Handling

Detect infected nodes via cyber security analytics

Perform security countermeasures automatically

System Health Check

Service Desk

IncidentHandling

Detect infected nodes with cyber security analytics

1

1

2

IoT Access Appliance and Application Gateway Push Datacenter Capabilities into Network Edges

Local data storeLocal data processing


Management

Analytics & optimization

Data Center

Universal sensor data capture

Servicemanagement

Threat detection and prevention

App App App

Process integration

Registration

App componen

t

App componen

t

WAN


Service Bus

Security Accounting Mediation Management

Historic data

New Open Industry Standards for IoT Technologies Need to be Developed

• Identify which existing standards should be used and where new open industry standards are required N

etw

ork

L

ayer

Ser

vice

L

ayer

Sen

sor

Lay

er

OpenGeospatialConsortium

IETF 6LowPAN

IEC 61850

IEEE DNP3

IETF ROLL

OPC

OASIS DPWS

EP

Cg

lob

al R

FID

ETSI M2M

IETF XMPP

ChinaMobileWMMP3GPP MTC

Co

ntin

ua

Industry SpecificGeneral

Illustrative Examples of IoT Standards

Integrating people to deliver outcomes: collaboration for the new energy consumer value model

Traditional Industry Value Model Emerging Industry Value Model

At the same time customers are becoming more demanding, they actually have much more to offer in reciprocal value to energy and other product/service providers.

Marketing Value Intelligence Cash Applications

Distributor/ Intermediary

Manufacturer/ Seller

End Users

creates value (products and

services)

creates value (access to products

and services)

… a shift from single-sided to multi-sided application platforms

Platform Owner

Application Providers

creates value

(applications)

Device Providers

creates value (physical devices)

Energy Management

Service Providers

End Users

creates value (information on products and

services)

creates value

(links to buyers)

creates value (expertise in

energy management)

Non-Energy Retailers

creates value

(links to buyers)

Generation/ Transmission/

Distribution

creates value (power)

The emergence of the smart grid will provide the means for a multi-sided applications platform to develop

Electric utilities have operated as single-sided platforms serving electricity users for over 100 years

Multi-sided platforms outside the energy industry are becoming reference models for today smart grid projects

Sources: Eisenmann, T., G. Parker, and M. Van Alstyne, “Strategies for Two-Sided Markets,” Harvard Business Review, 2006; Evans, D., A. Hagiu, and R. Schmalensee, Invisible Engines, MIT Press, 2006; IBM Institute for Business Value analysis

Water Management

Work order optimizationUsage AnalyticsPredictive MaintenanceLeak DetectionFlood ManagementSmart MeteringContamination MgmtWater SecurityStorm water MgmtWastewater MgmtAsset Management

Water Management

Work order optimizationUsage AnalyticsPredictive MaintenanceLeak DetectionFlood ManagementSmart MeteringContamination MgmtWater SecurityStorm water MgmtWastewater MgmtAsset Management

Traffic/ Trasportation

Data IntegrationTraffic PredictionRoute optimizationBus Arrival PredictionPlanning and SimulationRoad User ChargingAsset ManagementIntegrated Fare MgmtMulti-modal MgmtRevenue ManagementFleet Optimization

Traffic/ Trasportation

Data IntegrationTraffic PredictionRoute optimizationBus Arrival PredictionPlanning and SimulationRoad User ChargingAsset ManagementIntegrated Fare MgmtMulti-modal MgmtRevenue ManagementFleet Optimization

Public Security

Video SurveillanceCrime InformationPredictive PolicingDispatchCyber SecurityFusion CentersBorder SecurityCommunicationsEmergency ResponseNon-Emergency Response

Public Security

Video SurveillanceCrime InformationPredictive PolicingDispatchCyber SecurityFusion CentersBorder SecurityCommunicationsEmergency ResponseNon-Emergency Response

Operations management

City-wide DashboardGeo spatial mappingData modeling & integrationCross-Agency CollaborationSituational AwarenessDomain AnalyticsEvent & KPI ManagementIncident ManagementConsequence Management

Operations management

City-wide DashboardGeo spatial mappingData modeling & integrationCross-Agency CollaborationSituational AwarenessDomain AnalyticsEvent & KPI ManagementIncident ManagementConsequence Management

Integrating systems to deliver outcomes:The City Operation Center

City Operation Center address priority both on urgency and effort needs

justr

Optimize Maximize

Low UrgencyMinimum Effort

Moderate UrgencyModerate Effort

High UrgencyHigh Effort

Non Emergency

Management Emergency

Management Crisis

Management

Operations CentreOperations Centre

Active Workflows:Active Workflows:

Intelligent Operations CenterIntelligent Operations Center

Automated Emails Automated Emails

Integrated System MonitoringIntegrated System Monitoring

Roles & Permissions Roles & Permissions

Data drill down Data drill down

Data Exporting Data Exporting

Event correlation detection Event correlation detection

Click to Action Click to Action

Mouse over Pop-upsMouse over Pop-ups

Event Mgt. Event Mgt.

Progress Reporting Progress Reporting

ExecutiveExecutive

OperatorOperator

Intelligent Operations Center basic functionalities

The city of Rome has developed a master plan for a sustainable energy future based on smart grids

The goal of City Leaders is to increase prosperity…

...in a Smarter Planet

SMART CITY 3 novembre

Technology

things iot

iot scenarios

secure infrastructure

internet of things internet

terminal units

application innovations

edge appliances

travel information