Smart cities global experiences and lessons for india at ASCI Hyderabad 25 apr 2013

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1

Smart cities - Global Experiences and Lessons for India

Prakash Kumar

Cisco, Internet Business Solutions Group

International Programme in Urban Management

Administrative Staff College of India

April 25, 2013


• Part-I

Smart City: What does it mean?

ICT in City Management

Examples from abroad

• Part-II

Discussion on ICT Solutions Relevant to Indian Cities

• Solid waste management

• Street lighting

• Parking

• Smart utility (water and electricity)


• “Smart Cities” : means many things for many people, (depending on what aspect of the city we are touching upon).

• The one thing that remains constant is that “being smart” to a large extent is associated with

• having access to better-informed decisions and

• actions that will enable cities and people to do things differently and tackle urban growth challenges.

• This means relying on what information and communication technology (ICT) can offer.


We need to ask three questions :

Why - ICT makes a city smarter (economic business case)

What - are the crucial ICT components in a smart city (where and how is ICT operating)

How - do you enable smart city policies and solutions to be implemented in a city

The “how” is the biggest

challenge facing

smart cities

The “what” is most

popular with product /

solution vendors

The “why” is partially

understood and accepted


1. City Objectives – Social, Environmental, Economic

1. Utilities 2. Transport 3. Real Estate 4. City Services

4. Policy – Best practice & policy examples

2. City Indicators

3. City Components


For elected officials • My city dwellers (voters) need to believe I’m doing something good in their

interest. (improving city services, reducing congestion, making city more livable, more attractive etc.)

• My city and its taxpayers cannot afford to pay for the long term investments needed to transform. I need to generate resources by innovative business models and reducing cost of operations.

• I want to make my city appear competitive and put it on the world map to attract business investments and spur economic activity. (ex IT companies going to few tier 2 cities)

For city officials

• What can I learn from different pilots and initiatives already underway that’s relevant to my city?

• Where do I start and how best to mitigate risks in such a complex undertaking?

• What kind of partnership to put in place and how do I choose?


Water Quality Air Quality Waste Disposal

Traffic Congestion Load Shedding Grievance

Redressal

Property Tax

Collection Functional

Streetlight

Parking lot

occupancy

Dashboard View of Various Services

• Water

quality

• Air quality

• Road

congestion

• Load

shedding;

• Waste

disposal;

• Grievance

redressal

• Prop Tax

Collection

• Functional

Streetlight

• Parking lot

occupancy


Parking

Improved illumination and

maintenance

Reduced OpEx

for cities and

improved quality

of life for citizens

and increase in

city property

taxes

Real time monitoring and

improved ability to respond

Street Lighting

Waste Management

Smart Utilities …

Environmental Monitoring

Reduced search time and

congestion

Traffic management

CCTV Surveillance

Reduced congestion

Improved safety


• Collect the in information real time using sensors Parking, traffic status; Trash cans (level measurement); Measurement of Noise level; Soil moisture; Traffic flow etc.; Moisture, brightness and temperature measurement Supply of water, electricity etc.

• Transport the data from the urban spaces to the information systems using common infrastructure (OFC, WLAN etc.)

• Integrating the different information systems existing in the city (lighting, traffic, electricity, water, etc.) and passing it on to relevant authorities

• Store, processing and publication of the information both in real time, for the daily management of the city, and historic data for planning purposes.

Mobile Apps for citizens

Mobile Apps for staff

Street Furniture (multimedia/interactive displays) for people to see


City Transport/Access/Network Services

Sensor

Network

Sensors Vehicles

Infrastructures

(rail, light, gas, water, bridges) People

Multimedia

Kiosks/PoDs Spaces (street,

road, building)

Co

mp

ute

/sto

rage

/netw

ork

Data Collection Service

Analytics Linked Data Store Unified Collaboration

Event Processing Notification/Alarm Reporting/Trendin

g

Billing Service Assurance Publishing

Application/Services Enablement

Resources

Applications

Catalog

Public

Apps Private

Apps

Smart Parking

Smart Transportation

Open Data Portal

Government Services

Waste Management

Risk Management

Operation Center

Energy/Water Management

Sensor Observation

Sensor Alarm

API/SDK API/SDK

Security

Data Collection Service

IPa

aS

A

Pa

aS

Ipaas: Integration platform as a service ; APaasS: Application platform as a service .


• The “Lighthouse City” : Nice Metropolis joins aspiring global cities as smart city “living lab” – part of its larger initiative to improve overall public life.

• In the initial phase, the pilot being taken up for four city services over a specific zone :

Smart Parking

Smart Lighting

Waste Management

Environment and Air Monitoring.

• Cisco is one of the partners providing: Collaborative multi-stakeholder business model

End-to-end, full IP solution

Extensible and scalable common architecture platform

Service solution agnosticity

• PoC to go LIVE in the streets of Nice on the occasion of the “Innovative City Convention”


• The wireless sensors family is provided by Cisco Partner ; and offers the following benefits:

• Adapted to any vertical managed by the platform

• Great autonomy (8-10 years)

• Ergonomic and easy to deploy on the public road network

• Low maintenance, as intelligence is positioned at the level of the information system

Wireless Sensors

• Powered sensors require power supply

• They are deployed on the candelabra of the public lighting network

• They can involve multiple types of devices :

Public lighting system management

Smart cameras

Speed radars

Speakers

Etc …

Powered Sensors


Parking & traffic City lighting Prevention of natural risks Smart water meters

Pollution/ Environment

Waste management

Communications infrastructure deployed on the street lighting network

(Wireless sensors connectivity, Fiber optic, Mesh WIFI & PLC for Intelligent Urban furniture)

Data Collection Service provided by .

Powered sensors Wireless sensor Street Smart Devices

Power Supply: Distribution Network or lighting

Serve any kind of

application

Business applications provided by each vertical provider :

open and transparent architecture


• The solution allows multiple forms of information display

• It adapts to the needs and requirements of each vertical managed by the platform

• Examples of smart street end-points :

- Myltiservice kiosk (parking, public info…)

- Payment end-point

- Car electric Charge (fast, semi fast, slow)

- City digital signage

- Road digital signage

Smart Street

Furniture

• The solution is completed with a series of smart phone apps and citizen services

• Some provided by (EzPark displays real time information of traffic, environmental quality, parking spots availability … - EzMove suggests public transports)

• Some provided by the local eco-system (open innovation) : any start up can apply for a specific use of the platform and create its own service, eg, promotional coupons, social traffic network…

Smart Citizen

Devices


• Barcelona has a vision to become a

Smart City by efficiently deploying and

managing services over service delivery

platform (SDP)

• Initial list of solutions are in the following

areas: Connected lighting, Energy

management in public buildings,

Transportation, Rain water optimization,

Smart parking, Sensor analytics etc

• Barcelona creating a Smart City campus

in the 22@ district

• Barcelona championing a reference

framework for Cities “City Protocol”.

Cisco is a founding member.


S+CC Approach Opens Door for Cloud Services Partnership

• Formed KC smart service (KCSS) –

investment-backed alliance with KT

• KCSS offers managed services for

smart buildings & smart city projects

Platform Approach

Targeting 18 basic city-based

community cloud offerings


Example City

Advance Water

Management System

Galway, Ireland and

Malta

Intelligent Transport

System

eSymphony of

Singapore

Wired City (Tele-

Health, Tele-education,

eServices)

SongDo Korea

There are many more.

Cisco Confidential © 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 18


• SMS based system to monitor whether community bins have been cleaned or not. (ex Hyderabad). Mobile based App which takes photo before and after cleaning and status put in public domain.

• Send alert to sanitation inspector when bin gets more than ¾ full (ex Nice, France)

• Install intelligent wireless IP cameras facing bin. System generates alerts and office an see status of each bin.

Before cleaning After cleaning

Time and location stamped

http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=hx1jefU0tB-kTM&tbnid=kDByXmXoRPzCeM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/plan-to-place-more-bins-to-improve-waste-collection-in-coimbatore/article4240659.ece&ei=f890UZjKLs_jrAfjpYGgBA&bvm=bv.45512109,d.bmk&psig=AFQjCNFVXUKZn3Yhc6dJv1-d9LBrzLvUdA&ust=1366696111371079

http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Naj31sYOYA9lfM&tbnid=7HdcOSdUUEbGXM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://osrt.in:8080/GHMC/verify/chuncleandata.jsp?city=Hyderabad&zone=all&circle=all&ward=all&dc=14/12/2012&ei=Sed0UYH0JYLOrQeBjIGQBQ&bvm=bv.45512109,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNGi8yZ-yRRJn7YyPiPSqnT_jQMQAA&ust=1366702170337470

http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Naj31sYOYA9lfM&tbnid=r2MreBvRgEsegM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://osrt.in:8080/GHMC/verify/chuncleandata.jsp?city=Hyderabad&zone=all&circle=all&ward=all&dc=14/12/2012&ei=fOd0UfuMCMeUrge9tIGAAw&bvm=bv.45512109,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNGi8yZ-yRRJn7YyPiPSqnT_jQMQAA&ust=1366702170337470



City: New Delhi

S.

No.

Zone %

cleaned

Number

of bin

cleaned/

Total

Bins

not

cleaned

Sanitation In

charge

SMS See on Map

1 North 93

105/ 112 7 Ram Dayal

2 East 92

159/ 172 13 Moti Lal

3 South 58

70/ 119 49 Ajit Rathi

Legend: Green: >90% | Yellow below 90 but above 75% | Red : <75%

Municipality Corporation of Delhi

Garbage Lifting from Community Bin

Time: 11: 30 AM Date: 2 Feb 2012 Current Score: 334/403 (82.87

%)


New Delhi I South Zone

Ward Bin

No.

Location Cleaned/

Total

Name of the

In charge

Send

SMS

Complaint

Vasant

Kunj 1

2

3

Kishan Garh

Mahipal pur

B4

6/6

3/6

4/4

Ratan

Sharma

2

East of

Kailash 4

5

Sant Nagar

Nehru Place

2/3

3/3

Narad 5

Yasuf

Sarai

6

7

Market

Medical

4/5

4/4

Shyam

Baksi

1

Legend: Green: >90% | Yellow below 90 but above 75% | Red : <75%


Garbage Lifting from Community Bin

Time: 11: 30 AM | Date: 16 Feb 2012 | Zone: South | Current Score: 334/403 (82.87 %)

Last Seven Days:

View on Map

Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We

80 75 85 88 84 91 72

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 23 Not cleaned Cleaned


New Delhi I South Zone I Vasant Kunj I

B4


Bin Level report

Garbage Bin No: 9870

Location: B4 – Vasant Kunj

Name of the Sanitary Inspector: Ratan Sharma

Name of Safai Karmachiri: Hari Singh, Bimla, Kriti

Photo Before Cleaning Photo After

Cleaning

Last reported: Yesterday 12: 30 PM (16 feb 2012)

Last 7 Days

Latitude: 28.3141376

Longitude: 77.95004

Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu Wd


Zone South Ward Location B4

Garbage Bin No: 9870

Location: B4 – Vasant Kunj

Name of the Sanitary Inspector: Ratan Sharma

Name of Safai Karmachiri: Hari Singh, Bimla, Kriti

Photo Before Cleaning Photo After Cleaning

Last reported: Yesterday 12: 30 PM (16 feb 2012)

Vasant Kunj

Latitude: 28.3141376

Longitude: 77.95004

Last Seven Days

Report

Un-cleaned bin

Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu Wd


Citizen Feedback Dashboard

Citizen to see the performance of their area


Dashboard - Satisfaction A

n id

ea a

bo

ut

the

sati

sfac

tio

n o

n

vari

ou

s p

aram

eter

s

Mu

nic

ipal

ity

to u

nd

erst

and

cit

izen

p

ersp

ecti

ve


Co

mp

arat

ive

anal

ysis

bet

wee

n c

itie

s an

d z

on

es


Phase-I

Mobile based application which is easy to implement and scale up

Mobile App which enables people to lodge complaint about non-cleaning of bin

Automation of weigh bridge at garbage dump at outskirts of city and its correlation with garbage lifted

Citizen satisfaction survey

Phase-II

Intelligent camera based systems for live feed on status of community bins. Camera also generates report based on quantity of garbage left.


Outdoor lighting facts:

• Lighting accounts for 20% of Global electricity use

• 75% of global energy consumption is consumed by cities

• Outdoor lighting is 20-30% of a city’s electric bill

http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=qQyxJrLiIduKEM&tbnid=JaW0qUL46GY6kM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.esd-asiapacific.com/past/p_community/eco/nv/index.html&ei=kWIPUpONDJDqrQex7IDoCw&bvm=bv.50768961,d.bmk&psig=AFQjCNF3H6niMGBSGyc3NMszM4aKdSbK2g&ust=1376826379485065


Cash Flow

Pub Safety

Eco Dev

Sustainability

Reduced Payback Fixture cost improvements

increase efficiency and

recognition of reduced

maintenance driving ROI

Quality of Light Which provides increased

visibility, safety, and security due

to higher CRI and better

uniformity

Sustainability and Standards Public embrace of green technologies

and legislated discontinuation of

inefficient sources will drive adoption

CRI: Color Rendering Index

http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=4YBjp7QTWo1tuM&tbnid=k9qm7PDxC3HPtM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://myelectronicsdiary.blogspot.com/2011/03/top-10-electronic-stuff-india-most.html&ei=17pzUYiYO9CIrAfN9IGgBw&psig=AFQjCNHPeOSEzfyI09MupDtpOu4ga_7zVw&ust=1366625336605590


Moving from ‘dumb’ to ‘smart’ lighting networks

Traditional Lighting Operation Intelligent lighting operations

Physical failure inspection

• A scouting team drive during night to

visually spot failures

Remote Monitoring

• The lighting failures are automatically

reported by the system, saving time and

costs

Paper based mapping and archiving

• Use of paper maps and files to manage

the maintenance of the lighting stock

Smart asset management • The digital system smartly plans and routes the

maintenance works to minimize street blockages

Undifferentiated lighting levels

• Lights burn uniformly throughout the

night

Smart dimming & scene setting

• Lights are dimmed during low traffic

hours to save energy or enhanced in

problematic neighborhoods to improve

safety

Estimation based metering

• As multiple entities are connected to the

grid, the energy consumption is roughly

estimated by the power company

Intelligent energy metering & billing

• A small meter accurately calculates the

energy consumption taking into account

the varying rates and automatically bills all

entities.


• Started with manual switching and then to LDR based controllers for managing street light

• SMS based controllers (tried in Delhi)

• Citizen reporting using mobile apps to inform city office about non-working street lights

• IP controlled lighting using more energy efficient lighting devices (ex San Francisco)

• Video sensors on the lighting posts detects accident and makes traffic lights in side streets red, all street lights come to full output. The ambulance can reach location as fast as possible

• Street lights can also have CCTV of Police embedded in it along with sensors for measuring air pollution, noise pollution, radiation etc.

• It can also act as “Point of presence solution for directing customers to the stores” in place of mobile based apps which need internet connectivity, no screen which can be vandalized etc.

http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=nhcFbhWz3MpTAM&tbnid=tv5ZCIChg8ztmM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://gibberish-nonstop.blogspot.com/2011/09/study-lamp-on-streets_10.html&ei=G-50UdLqK8WtrAekm4H4Bg&bvm=bv.45512109,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNGfvqsgbjQOKTNH81XGz_aluLFb9g&ust=1366703983227069


Lighting dependent on time and number of people

gathered in a locality


• Till next refresh of street lighting system

Provide Unique ID to each lamp post

Improve reporting involving citizens/police using Mobile app

Improve SLAs with electricity distribution companies

• Switch to IP based street lighting system in next refresh of street light system.



City of LA

Low-power sensors and smart

meters to track the occupancy

of parking spaces. Rates can

be varied by city office based

on time of day or traffic

congestion in that area.

Convectional system of tracking

occupancy of parking slots, which

are displayed on VMB or made

available thru mobile Apps

Sensors mounted on street

light posts which are

connected thru a network with

central control room.

http://industrial-embedded.com/articles/wireless-platform-eases-quest-parking/

http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ej7iEzl2m-M7uM&tbnid=2vIZheqt9_jfIM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://strand.bg/en/news/id/22.html&ei=P_p0UYTwBIjtrAfJ_IGoCQ&bvm=bv.45512109,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEKN1J9nedwZe7l6Pq3RY3PIH_YrQ&ust=1366705837604865


Parking and street lighting

combined using the same network

We can add other functionalities on the same street lamp post, and the

network • CCTV cameras

• Air and noise pollution sensors

• Hydrant pressure checker

• Local information display (government services/tourist info/payment systems

etc.)


Primary Objectives Strategy

To utilise available space to its

maximum

capacity

• Clear earmarking of spaces

• Priority based pricing

• Use of parking meters

• Setting maximum limits for time share

parking

To make parking convenient for

drivers

• Use of signage to direct drivers and

show parking status

• Leasing out of spaces for regular users

• Issuing of smart cards to use for parking

To reduce negative externalities

that arise from parking

• Setting of a price which is neither

negligible nor unaffordable to control the

demand

• Ban parking on certain roads

• Imposing effective fines on rule

breakers

Source: Centre for Public Policy Research http://www.digitalrtimission.com/cppr/Parking%20Space%20in%20Kochi%20Issues%20and%20Solutions-Zeenab.pdf


• Identification and notification of all approved parking areas (Only NDMC has kept info about 53 parking lots they have)

• Installation of sensor based system to identify vacant slots in each parking area which can then be displayed on Variable Message Board of traffic police in the vicinity.

• Development of mobile based app which compiles info from all parking lots and makes it available on smart phones of users based on where they are.

• Working with police and state pollution control board to integrate all sensors neatly on a street light post rather than cluttering them.

• Use of common network infrastructure



• 1/6" hole Leaks = 3,570 litres Per Day

• Asia losing $9-bn worth urban treated water every year

• New York has 14% water losses

• New Delhi loses 45% of treated water (illegal connection + genuine leak)

• SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) for water

• Key is to identify

Losses (using SCADA)

Locate sub-surface leak points,

Notify consumer in case of abnormal increase in consumption

go for 100% billing


• Smart meter

• Smart Grid

• Smart appliances

• Home energy controller

• Multi-utility communication controller


Madrid and Amsterdam: UrbanEnergy Management

Lisbon: Smart UrbanEnergy in Schools

Smart

Appliances

Home Energy

Controller

(HEC)

Multi-Utility-

Communication

Controller (MUC)

In-Home Display

(IHD)

Smart Meters

Electricity

Gas

Water

Heat

West

Orange

http://www.cimetrics.com/products/products.php?cat=7


• Should every agency/department go for its own network?

Or

• Go for shared infrastructure and next generation Network


Intelligent

Transport

Systems

Consumer

Services

Websites,

call centers,

offices

Building

Mgmt

Systems

Roadside

Infrastructure Broadband

Govt

Networks Real Estate

Utilities

network

Applications & Devices

Sensors & Networks

Dashboards

and sensors


Roadside

Infrastructure Broadband

Govt

Networks

Real

Estate

Utilities

Network

Smart Grid

Applications & Devices

Sensors & Networks

Service

Delivery

Platform

Travel Info Connected

Buildings

Community

Exchange Smart Work


Running on networked information

Helps transform

City management

Economic development

Citizen quality of life



1998-2004

2005-2008

2009-2013

Connected Real Estate

Public Sector Vertical Connected Urban Development

EcoBoard Globalization Center Smart Grid

Smart+Connected

Communities

Broadband

Internet of

Everything

Connected

Industries

Thank you.

www.cisco.com/go/urban_innovation

Prakash Kumar

[email protected]

Smart cities global experiences and lessons for india at ASCI Hyderabad 25 apr 2013

Technology

city services

city lighting

city officials

city components

city indicators

smart city policies

city management examples

cisco andor