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SATURDAY, APRIL 16, 2011ORGANISATIONAL STUDY REPORT OF OUSHADHI
(OST)
ORGANISATIONAn organisation is a social arrangement which
pursues collective goals, controls its own performance, and has a
boundary separating it from its environment. The word is derived
from the Greek word organon, itself derived from the better-known
word ergon. Anorganizational structureis a
mainlyhierarchicalconcept of subordination of entities that
collaborate and contribute to serve one common aim. Organizations
are a variant ofclustered entities. An organization can be
structured in many different ways and styles, depending on their
objectives and ambience.Organizational structure allows the
expressed allocation of responsibilities for different functions
and processes to different entities such as
thebranch,department,workgroupandindividual. Individuals in an
organizational structure are normally hired undertime-limitedwork
contractsorwork orders, or underpermanent employmentcontracts or
program orders.
INDUSTRY PROFILEAyurvedais a system oftraditional medicinenative
to theIndian Subcontinentand practiced in other parts of the world
as a form ofalternative medicine. InSanskrit, the word Ayurveda
consists of the wordsyus, meaning 'life', andveda, meaning 'related
to knowledge' or 'science' Evolving throughout its history,
Ayurveda remains an influential system of medicine inSouth Asia.
The earliest literature of Ayurveda appeared during theVedic
periodinIndia. TheSushruta Samhitaand theCharaka Samhitawere
influential works on traditional medicine during this era.
Ayurvedic practitioners also identified a number of medicinal
preparations and surgical procedures for curing various ailments
and diseases. Ayurveda is the science of life. Unlike all other
branches of medicine, Ayurveda observes a patient in entirely on
physical, mental and spiritual levels. While treating diseases it
is well established by the modern medicine beyond any doubt that
ones mind has a very strong influence on his body. With this
enormous understanding on human mind, body and spirit, Ayurveda
offers treatment for almost all known diseases. Ayurveda is
considered to be a form ofcomplementary and alternative
medicine(CAM) within thewestern world, where several of its
methods, such as the use of herbs, massage, andYoga as exercise
or alternative medicine, are applied on their own.Ayurveda is
grounded in a metaphysics of the 'fivegreatElements
[;earth,water,fire,airandether)all of which compose theUniverse,
including the human body. Ayurveda deals elaborately with measures
of healthful living during the entire span of life and its various
phases. According to Ayurveda, these three regulatory
principlesDoshas (literaly that which deteriorates - )are important
for health, because when they are in balanced state, the body is
healthy, and when imbalanced, the body has diseases. Ayurveda hold
that each human possesses a unique combination ofDoshas. In
Ayurveda, the human body perceives attributes of experiences as
20Guna( meaning qualities) It is believed that building a
healthymetabolic system, attaining gooddigestion, and
properexcretionleads to vitality. Ayurveda also focuses on
exercise,yoga,meditation, andmassage. Thus, body, mind, and
spirit/consciousness need to be addressed both individually and in
unison for health to ensue. Ayurveda is a science which intended to
benefit the entire world. In ancientIndia, It was considered as a
great science in touch with Indian philosophical thoughts. It
utilizes wealth of nature for increasing the natural resistance of
the body. Ayurveda favours administration of natural raw drugs
(plants/animal/mineral/metal/marine origin) and their preparations.
Generally Ayurvedic medicines are non toxic, well tolerated and
estimated that Rs 500 crores. The field of herbal products in
international market is fast growing. Eight disciplines of Ayurveda
treatment, called Ashtangas: Internalmedicine(Kaaya-chikitsa)
Paediatrics(Kaumarabhrtyam) Surgery(Shalya-chikitsa) Treatment of
diseases above theclavicle(Salakyam) Demonic
possession(Bhutavidya):Bhuta vidyahas been called psychiatry.
Toxicology(Agadatantram) Prevention diseases and
improvingimmunityandrejuvenation(rasayana) Aphrodisiacs and
improving health of progeny (Vajikaranam)
COMPANY PROFILE The Pharmaceutical Corporation (I.M) Kerala
limited, Thrissur popularly known as OUSHADHI is an Ayurvedic
medicine manufacturing company fully owned by Government of Kerala.
Oushadhi is the largest producer of Ayurveda medicines in public
sector inIndia. It is one among the few public sector companies,
consistently making profit since 1999.It is a GMP and ISO 9001 2000
certified company. It produces around 500 Ayurvedic formulations
both classical and proprietary. Oushadhi is directly controlled by
Health and Family Welfare Department of Kerala State
Government.Oushadhi was originated as Sree Kerala Varma Govt.
Ayurvedic Pharmacy in 1941 at the instance of His Highness the
Maharaja of Cochin, for the supply of medicines to Govt.Ayurvedic
Hospitals in Thrissur and erstwhile princely family ofCochinState.
In 1975 , it was renamed as The Pharmaceutical Corporation (I.M.)
Kerala Ltd, Thrissur. Oushadhi is the sole supplier of medicines
toGovernmentAyurvedaHospitalsand Dispensaries in Kerala. It is also
a supplier of Ayurvedic medicines to Government Hospitals and
dispensaries of other states like Madhyapradesh, Chattisgarh, and
Pondicherry etc.Profile
* Largest producer of Ayurveda medicines in public sector
inIndia* One among the few Public Sector companies, consistently
making profit and paying dividend to Government of Kerala since
1999.* Supplies medicine to Government of Kerala for the
distribution to common man through ISM Dept.* A GMP and ISO
9001-2000 certified company.* Produces 450 Ayurvedic formulations -
both classical and proprietary.* Sole supplier of medicines
toGovernmentAyurvedaHospitalsand proprietary.* Supplier of
Ayurvedic Medicines to Government Hospitals and dispensaries of
other states like Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Pondichery,
Rajasthan, Orissa, New Delhi etc.* Caters to the need of public
through a vast network of 610 agencies spread all over the nation.*
Governed by dedicated board of directors.
LOCATIONRegistered Office: Shoranur road, Thrissur, Kerala,South
India.Factory: Kuttanellur, 8 Kms fromThrissurTown.Office:
Kuttanellur, 8 Kms East fromThrissurTown.MILESTONES 1941Commenced
by His Highness, The Maharaja ofCochinas Sree Kerala Varma Ayurveda
Pharmacy. 1959 Converted into Co-operative Society viz Sree Kerala
Varma Ayurveda Pharmacy and stores Ltd. 1975 -Registered as a
Company under Indian Companies Act and renamed as The
Pharmaceutical Corporation (Indian Medicines) Kerala Ltd. Thrissur.
1991 -Commissioned modern manufacturing unit at Kuttanellur and
shifted the factory to the new premises. 2004- Started a
newPanchakarmaHospitaland Research Institute at Thrissur. 2007 -The
entire Office shifted to the Factory premises at Kuttanellur. 2008
-Commenced full - fledgedR&DCenterat Kuttanellur and regional
distribution unit at Kannur.VISIONA leading world class Ayurveda
Industry in the country by 2020.
DEPARTMENTSAdministrationHuman ResourcesFinance &
AccountsPurchaseProductionMarketingQuality Control, Research &
DevelopmentMaintenancePanchakarmaHospital& Research Centre
AdministrationProvides support and service for the activities of
the Board of Directors Coordination of Bank branch activities and
provision of interaction between branches and the main office.
Expanding and reorganization of Bank market network. To create
appropriate condition for efficient operation of structural Bank
subdivisions. Currency control of Bank branches. Control of money
transfer in foreign currency. Coordination of construction,
maintenance, rent and keeping buildings issues. Coordination of
issues as logistical support of Bank activities.
Human ResourcesThe Human Resources Management (HRM) function
includes a variety of activities, and key among them is deciding
what staffing needs you have and whether to use independent
contractors or hire employees to fill these needs, recruiting and
training the best employees, ensuring they are high performers,
dealing with performance issues, and ensuring your personnel and
management practices conform to various regulations. Activities
also include managing your approach to employee benefits and
compensation, employee records and personnel policies. Usually
small businesses (for-profit or nonprofit) have to carry out these
activities themselves because they can't yet afford part- or
full-time help. However, they should always ensure that employees
have -- and are aware of -- personnel policies which conform to
current regulations. These policies are often in the form of
employee manuals, which all employees have.Finance &
AccountsThefinance departmentof a business takes responsibility for
organising the financial andaccountingaffairs including the
preparation and presentation of appropriate accounts, and the
provision of financial information for managers. The main areas
covered by the financial department include:Preparation of budget,
appropriation of accounts, re-appropriations, surrender and
savingsControl of expenditure and ways & means
position.AuditTreasury administrationAdministration of Taxes i.e.
Sales Tax, Entertainment Tax, Luxury Tax and Entry Tax etc.Service
Conditions including Freedom Fighters Pensions.Resource
mobilization through loans, Institutional Finance, Small Savings,
Credit and Investment and public debt.Financial concurrence and
advice.Compilation of Codes, Rules and procedures concerning
financial transactions and having bearing on State finance and
their implementation.Safety and investment of funds from
consolidated funds, contingency fund and public account.Contract,
recovery and refund of revenue etc
Purchase DepartmentThe Purchasing Department is responsible for
coordinating the acquisitionraw materials and other needs of the
company and ensuring that they are bought at the minimum cost and
offer value for the money spent. The purchase department id headed
by purchase manager who is assisted by assistant manager. This
department is responsible for purchasing all the goods and raw
materials needed for Oushadhi; hence they are following a
centralized purchasing system. They purchase raw materials through
open tender.System Followed For Purchase Of Raw Materials. The most
important function of purchase department is purchasing of raw
materials. They purchase raw materials through tenders. The
procedure for purchase starts when the purchase department receives
a request from any department for purchase of goods. Then the
purchase department invites quotations from various suppliers of
that particular product. After careful analysis of the received
quotations they select the quotation which has the minimum price
and place order to them mentioning the quantity and quality of the
goods required.
When the goods are received they are examined by set of doctors
to check whether the goods are up to the quality ordered. If the
goods are not up to the required quality they will be sent back.
Good quality raw materials will be received and stored in the
stores and will be issued to the concerned department which ordered
the goods according to their request of FIFO basis. Finally after
receiving the goods the purchase department initiates the accounts
department to make payment to the supplier as per their terms in
their quotation.Features Of Purchase DepartmentPurchase more than
600 varieties of raw materials through open tender.Standardized
procedure to verify the variety of raw materials.More than 60% raw
materials comes from the forest.Annual purchase of 7 9 crores.Buy
back agreement with farmers.Maintaining data base of raw
materials.
ProductionProduces 450 Ayurvedic formulations - both classical
and proprietary.Qualified and experienced doctors to supervise
productions.Production of medicine as per GMP norms.Quality control
to ensure quality of raw materials and finished goods.Modern dosage
forms like, tablets, ointments, etc are introduced.
1.The production andplanningdepartment will
setstandardsandtargetsfor each section of the production process.
The quantity andqualityof products coming off a production line
will be closely monitored. In businesses focusing onlean
production, quality will be monitored by allemployeesat every stage
of production, rather than at the end as is the case for businesses
using a qualitycontrolapproach.
2. The purchasing department will be responsible for providing
the materials, components and equipment required to keep the
production process running smoothly. A vital aspect of this role is
ensuring stocks arrive on time and to the right quality.
3. The stores department will be responsible for stocking all
the necessary tools, spares, raw materials and equipment required
toservicethe manufacturing process. Where sourcing is unreliable,
buffer stocks will need to be kept and the use of computerisedstock
controlsystems helps keep stcoks at a minimal but necessary level
for production to continue unhindered.
4. Thedesignand technical support department will be responsible
for researching new products or modifications to existing ones,
estimatingcostsfor producing in different quantities and by using
different methods. It will also be responsible for the design and
testing of new product processes and product types, together with
thedevelopmentof prototypes through to the final product. The
technical support department may also be responsible for work study
and suggestions as to howworking practicescan be improved.
5. The works department will be concerned with the manufacture
of products. This will include the maintenance of the production
line and other necessary repairs. The works department may also
have responsibility for quality control andinspection.
MarketingMarketing involves a range of processes concerned with
finding out what consumers want, and then providing it for
them.There are two main types ofmarket
research:Quantitativeresearch involves collecting a lot of
information by using techniques such as questionnaires and other
forms of survey.Qualitativeresearch involves working with
smallersamplesof consumers, often asking them to discuss products
andserviceswhile researchers take notes about what they have to
say. The marketing department will usually combine both forms of
research.
The marketing department will seek to make sure that
thecompanyhas amarketing focusin everything that it does. It will
work very closely with production to make sure that new and
existingproduct developmentis tied in closely with the needs and
expectations ofcustomers.Quality Control, Research &
DevelopmentR&D is the key for any pharmaceutical industry.
Although there is lot of knowledge in the ancient text of Ayurveda
R&D is necessary to make it suitable in todays context.Every
product of Oushadhi that is manufactured is preliminarly tested and
developed here . R & D department has miniaturized forms of all
sorts of commercialized equipments . They have recently published a
magazine called Oushadhi Sandesh. It has constructive articles and
also contains Articles about Quality Control like Instant Checks
for adulteration . The magazine also contains various information
about other departments also.R&D has a special economic
significance apart from its conventional association with
scientific and technological development. R&D investment
generally reflects a government's or organization's willingness to
forgo current operations or profit to improve future performance or
returns, and its abilities to conduct research and development.
Although R&D department had been existing in the company a
separate existence was formed only in 2008.Maintenance
departmentProcurement of plant and machinery.Up keep and
maintenance of all plant and machinery.Construction of civil
work.Power and water supply.Effluent treatment.Maintenance of
campus.
PanchakarmaHospital& Research CentreLocated atShornur Road,
Thrissur.Started functioning on 18.10.2004.Both in patient and
out-patient section.30 bedded modern hospital.Round the clock
service of 4 Ayurvedic Doctors.Average number of patients per
year-2000.Average turnover from Hospitals, Rs. 18
lakhs/year.Average turnover from pharmacy Rs. 6 lakhs.Clinical
trial cell.Famous for Panchakarma therapy.
Medical Plant Cultivation
Two medicinal plant nurseries at Kuttanellur and
Pariyaram,supported by SMPB.Annual distribution of 3 Lakh seedlings
of 20 leading species.Cultivated 15 acres of land at Kuttanellur
with 20 speciesof medicinal trees species.Raised medicinal trees on
50 acres of land at Pariyaram, Kannur District.Raised medicinal
plant gardens in 150 selected schools in Thrissur and Kannur
Districts of Kerala.OUSHADHIIS A 100% GOVERNMENT OF KERALA OWNED
AYURVEDIC MEDICINE MANUFACTURING COMPANY SITUATED INKUTTANELLUR,
NEAROLLUR,THRISSURCITY,KERALASTATE. DIRECTLY CONTROLLED BY HEALTH
AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF KERALA STATE GOVERNMENT, IT HAS
WIDENED ITS SERVICE TO AYURVEDIC HEALTH CARE BY ESTABLISHING PANCHA
KARMA HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE ATTHRISSURWITH MOST MODERN
AMENITIES.
STRENGTHSEstablished brand imageContinuous government
support.Huge market demand.Dedicated work force.
CORE VALUES
* Mutual trust and respect* Customer satisfaction* Quality
control* Professional ethics* March with timeWEAKNESSThe absence of
certain strengths may be viewed as a weakness. For example, each of
the following may be considered weaknesses:Infancy stage of
research & development Department.Lack of modern technology in
R&D compared to private sector Ayurvedic medicine manufacturing
companies.Strikes by trade unions, even though strikes are less
they hinder production.Procedural delays due to government
interventions.OPPORTUNITIESMonopoly of medicine supplier to
governmentAyurvedaHospitalsand dispensaries in KeralaRaising
interest towards AyurvedaHuge market demand.They are the market
leader in manufacturing and sale of Ayurvedic medicines.Support
from various organisation like state forest department SC/ST
federation etc and general public.THREATS Difficulty in
standardization, and validation of Ayurvedic medicine as per the
modern trials for selling larger market outside Usually people do
not prefer Ayurveda for serious diseases. Presence of fraud
Ayurveda doctors caused a black mark for this industry.PRODUCTS
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
CHAPTER 2DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSISTHE PHARMACEUTICAL
CORPORATION (IM)KERALA LTD OUSHADHIThe Pharmaceutical Corporation
(IM) Kerala Ltd popularly known as Oushadhi is a fully owned
Government owned Ayurvedic medicine manufacturing company. It was
originated as Sree Kerala Varma Government Ayurvedic pharmacy in
1941 at the instance of His Highness The Maharaja of Cochin, for
the supply of medicines to the Government Ayurvedic Hospitals in
Thrissur and erstwhile princely family ofCochinstate. In 1959, it
was converted and registered as a co-operative society & Stores
Ltd No: 4318 Thrissur. On 8thSeptember 1975 it was incorporated as
a company under the Indian companies Act ,1956 and renamed as The
Pharmaceutical Corporation (Im) Kerala Ltd Thrissur and its
operation started on 10thJuly 1976 , with the take over of business
of SKVAC pharmacy.
Objectives of OushadhiManufacturing and Marketing of high
quality Ayurvedic medicines.Research and Developmental studies on
Ayurvedic formulations.Maintenance of medical plants herbarium and
Cultivation.Health care and clinical Research
programme.Implementation of Government of Kerala Health care
programmePropagation of Ayurveda and connected systems all over the
world.Promoting Ayurvedic education and establishing institutions
for the same.Implementation of Community Development Programmes
with special reference to women and child Development
CHAPTER 3SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF OUSHADHIBusiness which is the
hard core of the economic system has realised and has been made to
realize by social, economic and political forces that it has social
obligations to fulfill besides ensuring its own existence through
profit an activity. There are various objectives of business in it
and important objective is the public or social responsibility of a
business enterprise. This is an objective which cannot be stated in
as tangible terms as others and yet recent development in our
economy as well as others brings out its crucial importance. It
will be useful to go into formed and persuaded business men to
consider their responsibilities and the conditions which were
favourable to the development of businessmens concern with social
responsibilities.About Company Some of the important them are:i)The
development of professional managerial class with a different
motivation and point of view due to the separation of ownership
from management in corporate enterprise.ii)The change in public
opinion about role of business in modern societyiii)The increased
complexity of the decision making processors in which various
points of view and diverse interests are expressed.iv)The threat of
public regulation or public ownershipv)The pressure of Labour
movementvi)The development of business education and contact with
government and its problems.vii)The development of moral values and
social standards applicable to business manviii)Recognition of
human factors contributing to the long- run interests of the
business people Some of specific responsibilities to various
sections are:a)TheEnterpriseand Shareholders In the first place,
corporate business must provide a fair return on capital to
shareholders and must provide them regular, accurate and full
information about the working of the enterprise. The shareholders
should also meet their obligations by envicing been interest in
company affairs.1)It must ensure the safety of the funds invested
by shareholders or owners2)It must ensure effective utilization of
funds provide by them.3)It must provide fair and reasonable return
on investment in long run4)To ensure full participation of owners
in management of the affairs of the concerns.5)To provide a fair
and honest report of business operation6)To offer reasonable
appreciation of capital through growth, innovation and
diversification of business activities.
b)Enterpriseand Workers It is the responsibility of the
management to provide opportunities to the workers for meaningful
work. Also, the management of a business should try to win the
cooperation of the workers by creating the right conditions in the
enterprise. The business enterprise owes it to the workers unions,
accept the workers right to associate and assure a fair wage and a
fair deal of to the workforce. The workers need to be helped to
develop their own leadership qualities in unions through education.
Social security, profit sharing, fair promotions, proper grievance
settlement and employee welfare are some of the other well
recognized responsibilities of business firm to their
employees.1)Provide recreation, sanitation and medical
facilities2)To ensure job security for the workers3)To maintain
cordial relationship with employees4)To ensure fair opportunities
to workers for their promotion, growth and development.5)Provision
and recognition of genuine trade union rights of workers6)Proper
steps should be taken to ensure social security.7)It must ensure
fair and courteous treatment to the workers.8)To recognize the
needs of workers.9)Recognize thee collective targaining and
encourage it.10)To ensure protection of workers from occupational
hazards.11)Recognize workers as human resources and treat them as
asset instead of a factor of production.12)A grievance handling
procedure should be established for the redressal of the grievance
of employees.C. Enterprise and the Consumers A business enterprise
has the responsibility of providing the goods and services needed
by the community at most reasonable process. It must guard against
adulteration, poor quality, lack of service and courtesy to
customers, misleading and dishonest advertising etc. The consumers
also need protection against monopoly and restrictive trade
practices. Such protection can be provided best if business learns
to play its part of the game with fairness and liberalism.1.To
encourage the formalion of association of consumers for their
satisfaction and welfare.2.To ensure a fairly wide distribution of
products among all sectors of the consumers.3.It must guard against
adulteration, poor quality hoarding, black marketing etc.4.Proper
after sales service to the customers should be ensured.5.It must
guard itself against obscene and misleading advertisement6.Prompt
services to customers must be ensured.7.Exploitation of consumers
should be avoided.8.Consumers should be given adequate freedom to
select the products which they require9.Heavy burden in the form of
high process should not be imposed on consumers.10.Introduction of
new products should be made known to the consumers.
D)Enterpriseand Community An enterprise must respect the two any
pay taxes regularly and honestly. It must behave as a good citizen
and take care to avoid bad affluent, smoky chimneys and to devote
attention to housing and workers living conductions. It has the
responsibility of maintaining proper relations with the community
through press and meetings.1.To minimize all kinds of
pollution.2.To ensure safety of the people who are living near the
business establishment.3.To develop a good relationship with
community.4.To channelise the resources of the society in
production lines and make their best use.5.To give cash donations
and provide jobs to the disabled person and widows.6.It should
rehabilitate the people who are suffered due to the business
operations.7.It must try to create new opportunities for employment
to solve unemployment problems.8.National resources must be
utilized efficiently and without wastage.9.To help the community by
opening schools, dispensaries, chartable institution etc.10.To
refrain from indulging in anti social business activities.11.To
organize the cultural and religious function for the community, for
improvement of society12.To sustain a congenial and neatly
environmental conduction.E)Enterpriseand Government1.Firms should
pay tax in time. It should not try to indulge or avoid tax.2.The
main responsibility of the business is to obey to laws by
government.3.It should invest their surplus funds, in
infrastructure bonds, government bonds etc.4.It must not allow
unfair trade practices.5.It must co-operate with government to
implement social activities.6.Discourage unhealthy practices like
influencing government officials to carry, favours obtaining
license.They should not try to indulge in malpractices like
hoarding, black marketing to create artificial shortage.
BRANCHES
Arogyabhavan, Thiruvananthapuram
Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram
Pariyaram, Kannur
SUPPORTERS
Govt. of Kerala
Ayush Department of Govt. ofIndia
ISM Dept. of Govt. of Kerala
General Public
National Medicinal Plant Board
State Forest Departments
Reputed organizations like KFRI, TBGRI, Agl. Universities,
Ayurveda Research Centres.
SC/ST Federation
Wholesale dealer of Raw materials.
Findingsand SuggestionsOushadhi supplies saplings of medicinal
plants to the public at concessional rate.Provides medicinal plants
to schools and colleges at free of cost.Provides technical
assistance for the extensive cultivation of medicinal
plants.Effective system of pollution control system has been
adopted.Manufacture more than 400 Ayurvedic formulations for the
wellbeing of the public.The whole manufacturing activities are
under the direct and expert supervision of qualified Ayurvedic
physicians.Quality medicines are made available to public at
reasonable prices.Meets the entire medicine requirements of
Government Ayurvedic hospital and dispensaries.Meets public demands
through network of exclusive Oushadhi dealers and
agents.Distributionship started in Karnataka, Chennai and A.P.
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONSMore promotional activities must
be done including social responsibility.Oushadhi must go for a
diversification of programmes.More emphasis must be given for
community medicines.
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