Slow-Release and Non-Release Antimicrobial Coatings with Enhanced Protection Presenter: Amir Kazemi
Slow-Release and Non-Release Antimicrobial
Coatings with Enhanced Protection
Presenter: Amir Kazemi
2021 TriMiS Inc. - Confidential 2
Introduction
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Our goal is to offer advanced paints and coatings customized to
eliminate specific microorganisms (required by application)
while meeting environmental regulations, durability and service
life targets.
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Our Story: Mold Issue in Meat and Dairy Industry
Environmental conditions are favorable for
mold generation on different surfaces.
Presence of mold can cause numerous
problems including health and food safety
concerns.© 2021 TriMiS Inc. All rights reserved4
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Other Common Areas of Problem
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● Annual spending on mold remedy exceeds multi $Bs.
● The average cost of mold remediation ranges from $2,000 to $6,000.
● HVAC or Air Duct Mold Treatment can cost up to $10,000 since ventilation
systems require special cleaning.
Mold Issue: Some Key Numbers in Constructions
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Construction
Agriculture
Healthcare
Farm & Barn
Target Markets and Applications
White Roofing
Food Industry
Antimicrobial (mold & bacteria)
and Antiviral coating and paint
products for several commercial
and industrial applications.
Commercial
Sports Arena
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Antimicrobial Products
Slow-release
Anti-moldConstruction (e.g.
roofing, basements, drywalls, circulation
system, etc.)
Food industry (e.g. Dairy farms, animal
barns, food processing, etc.)
Anti-algae
Anti-bacterial
Non-release
Anti-viral
Anti-bacterial
‘High-touch’ surfaces and non-medical
applications
• Customized, target-sensitive and application-based coatings using different additives.
Our Platform
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Antimicrobial (Antimold) Paint
Slow-release Technology
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1
2
0
3
4Water based solution with
low or zero Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOC) content.
Protection against a wide
range of microorganisms
such as molds, bacteria,
fungi and viruses.
Acrylic resin, hence water
resistant, high tear
strength, flexible, good
adhesion, and high
durability.
Embeds biocides and
enables very efficient slow
release system to meet
customer specs.
Rapid customization
for high efficacy
Safer Coating
Durable and
Applicable to any
Surfaces
3
Targets a wide
variety of
Microorganisms
Our Solution
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The biocide, resin
and crosslinker (type
and concentration)
are carefully selected
for each application.
Biocide is released
slowly over the
service life.
Either no antimicrobial
agents used or
antimicrobial agents
simply mixed with the
paint at a certain
concentration.
Slow-release vs Conventional Products
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US Patent filed 63/084,429; Sep 2020.
Slow-release
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Slow-release Coating Technology
• The controlled-release mechanism:
• improves the antimicrobial efficiency of the coating
• minimizes the environmental impacts.
• Biocides are incorporated into the paint formulation such that they are slowly
released under certain environmental conditions.
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US Patent filed 63/084,429; Sep 2020.
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• Coating samples with different formulations were tested for their anti-mold and anti-algal
efficiency:
• Mold/Mildew resistance tests were performed with standard ASTM D5590
organisms (Aureobasidium pullulans, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium
funiculosum) as well as Aspergillus flavus (ATCC #9643).
• Algae resistance tests were performed with standard ASTM D5589
organisms (mixed algae culture).
• The dry film samples were tested with and without 48 hours of leaching before
testing for 6 different formulations mixed with 3 types of biocides (18
combinations and 4 controls).
Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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Zone of Inhibition
(c)
• The Zone of inhibition is a circular area around the spot of an antimicrobial agent in
which the microorganism does not grow.
• The zone of inhibition can be used to measure the susceptibility of a microorganism
towards an antimicrobial agent.
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Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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Legend
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● 6 Formulations
(different types and
percentages of resins
and crosslinkers)
● 3 Types of Biocides
Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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● 6 Formulations
(different types and
percentages of resins
and crosslinkers)
● 3 Types of Biocides
Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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Conventional
Acrylic Paint
(Almost no
antimicrobial
activity)
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Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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Strong
antialgae
activity
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A Comparison
between z-values
• A higher z-value
shows higher
antimicrobial activity,
but it could be an
indication of the speed
of leaching of the
antimicrobial agents
as well.
• Lower and more
stable z-values are
preferred for some
applications.© 2021 TriMiS Inc. All rights reserved
Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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• Results plotted based on Z-value for each microorganism/resin combination
• Z-value variation between 0 and 48 h leaching and average were calculated
Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
33 50 66
Zon
e of
Inh
ibit
ion
(m
m)
Resin (%)
A. flavus (X)
Biocide 1
Biocide 1-48h
Biocide 2
Biocide 2-48h
Biocide 3
Biocide 3-48h
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 5 15
Zon
e of
Inh
ibit
ion
(m
m)
Crosslinker (%)
A. flavus (R)
Biocide 1
Biocide 1-48 h
Biocide 2
Biocide 2-48h
Biocide 3
Biocide 3-48h
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• Results plotted based on Z-value for each microorganism/resin combination
• Z-value variation between 0 and 48 h leaching and average were calculated
Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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0
4
8
12
16
20
33 50 66
Zon
e of
Inh
ibit
ion
(m
m)
Resin (%)
A. pullulans (X)
Biocide 1
Biocide 1-48h
Biocide 2
Biocide 2-48h
Biocide 3
Biocide 3-48h
0
4
8
12
16
20
0 5 15
Zon
e of
Inh
ibit
ion
(m
m)
Crosslinker (%)
A. pullulans (R)
Biocide 1
Biocide 1-48h
Biocide 2
Biocide 2-48h
Biocide 3
Biocide 3-48h
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• Results plotted based on Z-value for each microorganism/resin combination
• Z-value variation between 0 and 48 h leaching and average were calculated
Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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0
2
4
6
8
10
12
33 50 66
Zon
e of
Inh
ibit
ion
(m
m)
Resin (%)
A. niger
P. funiculosum
(X)
Biocide 1
Biocide 1-48h
Biocide 2
Biocide 2-48h
Biocide 3
Biocide 3-48h
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 5 15
Zon
e of
Inh
ibit
ion
(m
m)
Crosslinker (%)
A. niger
P. funiculosum
(R)
Biocide 1
Biocide 1-48h
Biocide 2
Biocide 2-48h
Biocide 3
Biocide 3-48h
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● 6 Formulations
(different types and
percentages of resins
and crosslinkers)
● 3 Types of Biocides
Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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X2
X3
Average Variation: 1.33 mm
Average Variation: 1.66 mm
Biocide 2 is VOC free
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● 6 Formulations
(different types and
percentages of resins
and crosslinkers)
● 3 Types of Biocides
Resistance Tests (Mold & Algae) - Results
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X2
X3
Average Variation: 1.33 mm
Average Variation: 1.66 mm
Biocide 2 is VOC free
X2
R1
Average Variation: 2.00 mm
Average Variation: 3.33 mm
If algal protection is needed.
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Weathering Test Results
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Weathering Test Results
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Weathering Test Results
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Weathering Test Results
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Microorganism Portfolio
Microorganisms Mold/Mildew Bacteria Algae
Existing
A. niger,
P. funiculosum
A. pullulans
A. flavus
G. magma
(cyanobacteria,
known as dark
green algae)
E.Coli
Salmonella
Algal Mixture
In Progress/
Future Work A. parasiticus
P. aeruginosa
C. perfringens
E. Tenella
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Antiviral Coating
Technology
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QAC
Silane Group
• Silane-based formulation:
• Conventional disinfection methods are tedious, laborious and not durable.
• ‘High-touch’ surfaces in public spaces need to be disinfected repeatedly.
Adhesion
promoter (silane
coupling agent)
Non-Release Antiviral Coating
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● Formulation was developed based on a non-release approach using quaternary
ammonium compounds, silane-based adhesion promoters, and other additives as
applicable.
Non-Release Antiviral Coating
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Non-Release Antiviral Coating
Antiviral groups (1601, and 1706–1730 cm−1).
AP and surface attachment groups (915, 1090, and 2840-2850 cm−1).
Tra
nsm
itta
nce
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Antiviral Coating for High Touch Surface
❑ The Coating was tested according to ISO 21702 method (measurement of antiviralactivity on plastics and other non-porous surfaces). The test consists of 3 steps:
1. Cytotoxicity Testing: The purpose of this test is to determine if the test specimenscause cytotoxicity to the cell line used for measuring virus infectivity.✅
2. Verification of Cell Sensitivity to Virus: The purpose of this test is to confirm thatneither the test specimen materials nor the treatment alters the cell sensitivity toviral infection.✅
3. Antiviral Activity Testing: Three treated and six untreated specimens are tested todetermine the effectivity of the coating against the HCoV-229E after 2 hours.🔜
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Antiviral Coating for High Touch Surface - Cytotoxicity
• A value of 1 indicates
there is no change in
cell viability compared
to the untreated
controls.
• A value less than 1,
indicates that cell
viability was decreased,
suggesting potential
cytotoxic effects.
• Treatment A had no
cytotoxicity.
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Antiviral Coating for High Touch Surface - Verification
of Cell Sensitivity to Virus
▪ Both the treated and untreated washing out solutions had the same infectivity as
the control. Therefore, there are no assay interferences from the sample. Based on
these results, it was determined to proceed to antiviral testing.
▪ Step 3 (antiviral testing) is in progress.
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Conclusions and Recommendations
• Different formulations of the developed antimold coating showed significant
antifungal, and in some cases, antialgae and antibacterial activity.
• Changes were observed on a case-to-case basis, but in most cases, there is a
slight decrease in Z-value after 48 h of leaching and when using a higher resin
concentration.
• It is recommended that a formulation with a lower z-value and z-value variation is
used (i.e. biocide leaching is not significant).
• A clear antiviral coating that was formulated based on a non-release mechanism
showed promising results against the HCoV-229E.
• Further work is required to investigate the improve the mechanistic
understanding of the slow-release and to characterize the non-release coating
(surface charge quantification)
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Partners and Collaborates
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