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““INTRODUCTION TO THE INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF STUDY OF FIQH FIQH ””
Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL.
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FIQHINTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FIQHAnd say: O Lord! Increase for me my knowledge
Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.
““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”
UPDATED – UPDATED – Sept-2012 Sept-2012
SEPTEMBER 2012 - INTAKESEPTEMBER 2012 - INTAKE
IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL.
* Muhammad ibn al-Hassan Abu ’Abdallah al-Shaibany r.h.m. said:
““Give yourself up to the study of jurisprudence (FIQH), for the
knowledge of jurisprudence is the best guide to piety and the fear
of God and it is the straightest path to the ultimate goal.”.”
• REFLECTION:REFLECTION: “ “FiqhFiqh” – literally means “profound understanding (of the ” – literally means “profound understanding (of the
Deen)” – ref: al-Qur’an Surah Taubah : 9: 122, which later Deen)” – ref: al-Qur’an Surah Taubah : 9: 122, which later was used to refer to the studies of Islamic jurisprudence.was used to refer to the studies of Islamic jurisprudence.
Whatever is outside of person – Whatever is outside of person – to be regarded as information to be regarded as information
�وَم�ة)) not ) – not – ( َم�ْع�ُل
knowledge (knowledge (ُل�مٌِع ).).
Information may not necessarily Information may not necessarily convey any meanings, but can be convey any meanings, but can be subjected to process or subjected to process or interpretation – by a human - to interpretation – by a human - to arriving at meaning.arriving at meaning.Every one may have equal access Every one may have equal access to a given information.to a given information.
Knowledge resides in the Knowledge resides in the person – and is also an person – and is also an attribute (attribute (sifatsifat) of himself.) of himself.
Knowledge has to do with Knowledge has to do with “meanings” – which may “meanings” – which may include abstract concepts and include abstract concepts and construct beyond the material construct beyond the material forms.forms.Yet, there can be difference in Yet, there can be difference in levels and depths of knowledge levels and depths of knowledge to a given information, to a given information, depending upon who depending upon who contemplates upon it.contemplates upon it.
Just as raw data input are Just as raw data input are meant to be processed by the meant to be processed by the computer; observations, news, computer; observations, news, data and information etc. are data and information etc. are objects to be understood and objects to be understood and possible meanings from it to be possible meanings from it to be comprehended by man.comprehended by man.THUS the Qur’an categorize THUS the Qur’an categorize these (information) as: “Signs” these (information) as: “Signs”
It is when cognition of man are It is when cognition of man are applied to process these applied to process these information, that he may be said information, that he may be said to arrive at knowledge (i.e. when to arrive at knowledge (i.e. when it becomes meaningful).it becomes meaningful).
THUS the Qur’anic approach for THUS the Qur’anic approach for man’s education enjoins him to man’s education enjoins him to
“Read” (“Read” (أ ْق�َر� these signs to ) these signs to ( ِإarrive at the “meanings” – the arrive at the “meanings” – the REALITY.REALITY.
NoteNote: Arabic word “universe” and “a : Arabic word “universe” and “a scholar; one who is scholar; one who is knowledgeable” is spelt: knowledgeable” is spelt:
[1] The loss of Adab in the community. Thus restoration of Adab has higher priority for Adab precedes even learning. [2] Wan Mohd Nor Wan Daud’s “The Educational Philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas” (ISTAC publication 1998) p 74
“This state of perpetual confusion at all levels of societal leadership is ingeniously termed by al-Attas as the loss of ADAB. This can be describe as follows:
1) Confusion and error in knowledge; creating the condition for:
[1] The loss of Adab in the community. Thus restoration of Adab has higher priority for Adab precedes even learning. [2] Wan Mohd Nor Wan Daud’s “The Educational Philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas” (ISTAC publication 1998) p 74
“This state of perpetual confusion at all levels of societal leadership is ingeniously termed by al-Attas as the loss of ADAB. This can be describe as follows:
1) Confusion and error in knowledge; creating the condition for:2) The loss of ADAB within the Community. The condition arising out of (A) and (B) is:
[1] The loss of Adab in the community. Thus restoration of Adab has higher priority for Adab precedes even learning. [2] Wan Mohd Nor Wan Daud’s “The Educational Philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas” (ISTAC publication 1998) p 74
“This state of perpetual confusion at all levels of societal leadership is ingeniously termed by al-Attas as the loss of ADAB. This can be describe as follows:
1) Confusion and error in knowledge; creating the condition for:2) The loss of ADAB within the Community. The condition arising out of (A) and (B) is: Rise of False leaders
[1] The loss of Adab in the community. Thus restoration of Adab has higher priority for Adab precedes even learning. [2] Wan Mohd Nor Wan Daud’s “The Educational Philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas” (ISTAC publication 1998) p 74
“This state of perpetual confusion at all levels of societal leadership is ingeniously termed by al-Attas as the loss of ADAB. This can be describe as follows:
1) Confusion and error in knowledge; creating the condition for:2) The loss of ADAB within the Community. The condition arising out of (A) and (B) is:
“The rise of leaders who are not qualified for valid leadership of the Muslim Community, who do not possess the high moral, intellectual and spiritual standards required for Islamic leadership, who perpetuate the condition in (1) [1] above and ensure the continued control of the affairs of the Community by leaders like them who dominate in all fields.” [2]
[1] The loss of Adab in the community. Thus restoration of Adab has higher priority for Adab precedes even learning. [2] Wan Mohd Nor Wan Daud’s “The Educational Philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas” (ISTAC publication 1998) p 74
In the legal profession, can just anybody, even they who may be In the legal profession, can just anybody, even they who may be
well-read in law, be given the right to interfere with legal rulings well-read in law, be given the right to interfere with legal rulings
of High court judges?of High court judges?
To even consider advice or comment upon legal questions, one To even consider advice or comment upon legal questions, one
should refer to those qualified such as lawyers or jurists; or should refer to those qualified such as lawyers or jurists; or
recognised academician of jurisprudence, etc. recognised academician of jurisprudence, etc.
In engineering, merely having the knowledge or training in In engineering, merely having the knowledge or training in
engineering is insufficient for the person ‘unless he has been engineering is insufficient for the person ‘unless he has been
certified’ by credible practitioners of whichever field of certified’ by credible practitioners of whichever field of
And in the field of medicine, can those whoAnd in the field of medicine, can those who are not trained and are not trained and
certified as qualified physician be allowed to meddle and prescribe medical certified as qualified physician be allowed to meddle and prescribe medical
advices to the masses, styling himself or herself as a medical doctor?advices to the masses, styling himself or herself as a medical doctor?
Merely having read manuals on medicine, or even having worked with a Merely having read manuals on medicine, or even having worked with a
doctor but not as yet assessed by authoritative body of this profession, or doctor but not as yet assessed by authoritative body of this profession, or
even a student not as yet given permission to practice – are not enough to even a student not as yet given permission to practice – are not enough to
qualify one to that role.qualify one to that role.
Such ‘malpractices’ can harm human Such ‘malpractices’ can harm human life in this temporary worldlife in this temporary world. Yet, when . Yet, when
it is in matters of theit is in matters of the DEEN DEEN (religion) that pertains to well-being of our soul (religion) that pertains to well-being of our soul
or spirit (or spirit (RUHRUH) in the ) in the eternal Hereaftereternal Hereafter, why are Muslims so careless?, why are Muslims so careless?
Another term perhaps ‘abused’ is Another term perhaps ‘abused’ is ULIL-AMRIULIL-AMRI – being applied to – being applied to
whomsoever assume leadership of the Muslim community, without even whomsoever assume leadership of the Muslim community, without even
considering whether such ‘leaders’ fulfill the criteria spoken of as the considering whether such ‘leaders’ fulfill the criteria spoken of as the
ULIL -AMRI - MINKUM ULIL -AMRI - MINKUM in the Qur’an and elaborated in As-Sunnah. in the Qur’an and elaborated in As-Sunnah.
Originally, the Originally, the WALIYUL ‘AMRI WALIYUL ‘AMRI was the leader who was both an was the leader who was both an ‘ALEEM ‘ALEEM
(recognized as learned Islamic scholar) as well as being the (recognized as learned Islamic scholar) as well as being the AMEERAMEER
(political leader of the community) – modeled after the Prophet s.a.a.w.(political leader of the community) – modeled after the Prophet s.a.a.w.
Even if he was not the best Islamic scholars of the time, he is expected to Even if he was not the best Islamic scholars of the time, he is expected to
seek the advice of the best learned scholars (seek the advice of the best learned scholars (‘ULAMA‘ULAMA) in the community. ) in the community.
THE PROPHET S.A.W.THE PROPHET S.A.W. ‘ALEEM and AMEERPowers both spiritual and temporal,yet commanded to consult (SHURA)
KHULAFA’ RASHIDUUNKHULAFA’ RASHIDUUN ‘‘ALEEM ALEEM and and AMEERAMEERBoth spiritual and temporal,Both spiritual and temporal,
Yet consultation with the seniorYet consultation with the seniorand other learned Companionsand other learned Companions
‘‘ULAMA ULAMA and and SHUYUKHSHUYUKH of the of the UmmahUmmah.
UMMAYYAD DYNASTYAsAs AMEER AMEER only.only.
Held temporal power, Held temporal power, but sought legitimacy but sought legitimacy from endorsement from endorsement of the of the ‘ULAMA ‘ULAMA . .
ABBASID DYNASTY
BEGINNING OF SEPARATION
‘‘ULAMAULAMASpiritual – religious Spiritual – religious leadership. Some patronize leadership. Some patronize the ruler or served as the ruler or served as judges and administrators, judges and administrators, yet many remain yet many remain Independent from these Independent from these rulers but serve the rulers but serve the Ummah.Ummah.
““The pursuit of knowledge is not carried on without six The pursuit of knowledge is not carried on without six things which I shall inform you through words that are clear: things which I shall inform you through words that are clear: [1] Ingenious acumen, [1] Ingenious acumen, [2] fervent desire, [2] fervent desire, [3] patience, [3] patience, [4] sufficient sustenance, [4] sufficient sustenance, [5] guidance of a teacher, and [5] guidance of a teacher, and [6] length of time.”[6] length of time.”
““An immoral man of learning is a great evil,An immoral man of learning is a great evil,yet a greater evil is an ignoramus leading a ‘godly’ life.yet a greater evil is an ignoramus leading a ‘godly’ life.Both are a great trial everywhere,Both are a great trial everywhere,to whomever depends to them both, to whomever depends to them both, in holding on to his religion”in holding on to his religion”
REFLECTIONREFLECTION:: We would indeed be afflicted with this We would indeed be afflicted with this FitnahFitnah (trial). Only with appropriate (trial). Only with appropriate knowledge and knowledge and irshaadahirshaadah, and more importantly , and more importantly Taufiq wal-Hidaa-ya Taufiq wal-Hidaa-ya from from Allah SWT. would we be saved from its evil.Allah SWT. would we be saved from its evil.