Slavery in The Colonies Jamestown and beyond. Colonial Trade By the mid 1700s, the American colonies had developed a diverse economy, supplying a range.

Slavery in The Slavery in The ColoniesColonies

Jamestown and beyondJamestown and beyond

Colonial TradeColonial Trade

By the mid 1700s, the American By the mid 1700s, the American colonies had developed a diverse colonies had developed a diverse economy, supplying a range of products economy, supplying a range of products to Britainto Britain

FishFish

MeatMeat

TobaccoTobacco

RiceRice

IndigoIndigo

The Triangle of TradeThe Triangle of Trade

The greatest The greatest contributor to the contributor to the economy of the economy of the Americas was the Americas was the slave trade.slave trade.

It was essential to It was essential to the production of the production of the commodities the commodities wealth in the wealth in the Americas.Americas.

English Tobacco English Tobacco LabelLabel

English Tobacco English Tobacco LabelLabel

The First Africans The First Africans arrived in Jamestown arrived in Jamestown in 1619, but also in 1619, but also arrived in the arrived in the Carolinas.Carolinas.

Africans were Africans were brought over from brought over from other colonies at other colonies at first.first.

Slaves were Slaves were necessary in order necessary in order for the plantation for the plantation system to function.system to function.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=11ks526JV70v=11ks526JV70

Indentured Indentured

ServitudeServitude

Indentured Indentured

ServitudeServitude

HeadrightHeadrightSystemSystem

Indentured ServitudeIndentured ServitudeIndentured ServitudeIndentured Servitude

Headright System:Headright System:

Each Virginian got 50 acres for Each Virginian got 50 acres for each person whose passage each person whose passage they paid.they paid.

Indenture Contract:Indenture Contract:

5-7 years.5-7 years.

Promised “freedom dues” [land, Promised “freedom dues” [land, £]£]

Forbidden to marry.Forbidden to marry.

1610-1614: only 1 in 10 outlived 1610-1614: only 1 in 10 outlived their indentured contracts!their indentured contracts!

Tobacco’s effect on Virginia’s Tobacco’s effect on Virginia’s economy:economy:

Vital role in putting VA on a firm Vital role in putting VA on a firm economic footing.economic footing.

Ruinous to soil when continuously Ruinous to soil when continuously planted.planted.

Chained VA’s economy to a single Chained VA’s economy to a single crop.crop.

Tobacco promoted the use of the Tobacco promoted the use of the plantation system.plantation system.

Need for cheap, abundant labor.Need for cheap, abundant labor.

Virginia: “Child of Virginia: “Child of Tobacco”Tobacco”

Virginia: “Child of Virginia: “Child of Tobacco”Tobacco”

CompareCompare

Indentured ServantsIndentured Servants

Laborer, usually Laborer, usually English, worked for a English, worked for a specified amount of specified amount of time (approx 7 years)time (approx 7 years)

Received some sort Received some sort of compensation at of compensation at the end of their term.the end of their term.

SlavesSlaves

Property or chattel of Property or chattel of the a free man or the a free man or company.company.

The first slave was The first slave was declared in declared in approximately 1640 approximately 1640 although this is not for although this is not for sure.sure.

1717c c PopulationPopulationin the Chesapeakein the Chesapeake

1717c c PopulationPopulationin the Chesapeakein the Chesapeake

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

1607 1630 1650 1670 1690

White

Black

WHY this large increase in black WHY this large increase in black population.??population.??

The Atlantic Slave TradeThe Atlantic Slave TradeThe Atlantic Slave TradeThe Atlantic Slave Trade

The “Middle Passage”The “Middle Passage”The “Middle Passage”The “Middle Passage”

YouTube - Presentation Amistad clip

As the number of slaves As the number of slaves increased, white colonists reacted increased, white colonists reacted to put down perceived racial to put down perceived racial threat.threat.

Slavery transformed from an Slavery transformed from an economic opportunity to an economic opportunity to an economic and racial institution.economic and racial institution.

Early 1600s Early 1600s differences between differences between slave and servant were unclear.slave and servant were unclear.

By the mid-1680s, black slaves By the mid-1680s, black slaves outnumbered white indentured outnumbered white indentured servants.servants.

American History - YouTubeAmerican History - YouTube

Colonial SlaveryColonial SlaveryColonial SlaveryColonial Slavery

The Stono RebellionThe Stono Rebellion

After this rebellion everything changed for After this rebellion everything changed for Africans in America.Africans in America.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6zvcS2tlKS4v=6zvcS2tlKS4

Beginning in 1662 Beginning in 1662 “Slave Codes”“Slave Codes”

Made blacks [and their children] Made blacks [and their children] property, or property, or chattelchattel for life of white for life of white masters.masters.

In some colonies, it was a crime to teach In some colonies, it was a crime to teach a slave to read or write.a slave to read or write.

Conversion to Conversion to Christianity did Christianity did not qualify the not qualify the slave for slave for freedom.freedom.

Colonial SlaveryColonial SlaveryColonial SlaveryColonial Slavery

The Slavery CodeThe Slavery Code

An example of slavery An example of slavery codes.codes.““All servants imported All servants imported and brought into the and brought into the Country…who were Country…who were not Christians in their not Christians in their native Country…Shall native Country…Shall be accounted and be be accounted and be slaves.” –Virginia slaves.” –Virginia General Assembly General Assembly declaration, 1705declaration, 1705

Some Questions:Some Questions:

Was it easy for Africans to be forced into Was it easy for Africans to be forced into slavery?slavery?

Were there any cases of resistance?Were there any cases of resistance?

Why Africans and not the natives?Why Africans and not the natives?

What were their rights?What were their rights?