Sistem Manajemen K3 (SMK3) Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) FTP UB 2016
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Sistem Manajemen K3
(SMK3)
Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3)
FTP UB 2016
OHSMS
Occupational Health and Safety Management System
OHSMS aims to continuously improve OHS
performance through the effective management of
OHS risks and activities in the workplace.
It contains a set of plans, actions and procedures that
assist an organization to systematically manage health
and safety risk associated with their business.
Many organizations are implementing an OHSMS to
help them manage risk, address legislation and to
protect their workforce.
OHSMS
OHSAS 18001/18002: Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series, published by the
British Standards Institute. (BSI)
OHSAS 18001 specification gives requirements for an OHSMS
OHSAS 18002 explains the requirements of the specification and shows
you how to work toward implementation and registration.
It is not an ISO standard, but integrates well with
ISO 9001 (quality) and ISO 14001 (environment), and
applies to any organization.
OHSAS 18001 does not state specific occupational health
and safety (OH&S) performance criteria. It sets a baseline
and implements continuous improvement.
OHSAS 18001/18002
Follow a Plan-Do-Check-Act approach.
Plan - Establish the objectives and processes needed to deliver the results (in line with the OHSMS).
Do - Implement the needed processes of the OHSMS.
Check - Check the processes against the policy, objectives, targets, regulations, and report the results. (Auditing)
Act - Take actions that will continually improve the OHSMS.
PLAN
DO
CHECK
ACT
General Requirements
Komitmen dan menjamin
Penetapan Kebijakan K3
Perencanaan
K3
Penerapan K3
Pengukuran dan
Evaluasi
Peningkatan Berkelanjutan
Peninjauan
Ulang &
Peningkatan
oleh manajemen
Peninjauan Ulang
& Peningkatan
Manajemen
Dalam penerapan SMK3 perusahaan wajib melaksanakan ketentuan :
SMK3 oleh
Harus Memenuhi Persyaratan Minimum : - 5 prinsip dasar
- 12 unsur/elemen
dilaksanakan oleh perusahaan disemua sektor dan terintegrasi dgn sistem Manajemen
Perusahaan
Wajib
Untuk perusahaan di sektor kegiatan usaha tertentu dapat merubah atau menambah unsur-unsur sesuai jenis dan tingkat resiko bahaya yg ada
atas persetujuan Menteri Pasal 5 ayat (3)
1. Pembangunan dan Pemeliharaan Komitmen
2. Pendokumentasian Strategi
3. Peninjauan Ulang Desain dan Kontrak
4. Pengendalian Dokumen 5. Pembelian 6. Keamanan Bekerja
Berdasarkan SMK3 7. Standar Pemantauan 8. Pelaporan dan Perbaikan 9. Pengelolaan material dan
perpindahannya 10. Pengumpulan dan
penggunaan data 11. Audit SMK3 12. Pengembangan
Ketrampilan dan Kemampuan
Elemen Audit
1. Penetapan Kebijakan K3
2. Perencanaan Penerapan K3
3. Penerapan K3 4. Pengukuran,
Pemantauan, dan Evaluasi Kinerja K3
5. Peninjauan secara teratur untuk meningkatkan kinerja K3 secara berkesinambungan
Prinsip Dasar
1. Komitmen dan kebijakan 1.1 Kepemimpinan dan komitmen 1.2 Initial Review 1.3 Kebijakan K3 2. Perencanaan 2.1 Perenc ident bhy, penilaian resiko dan pengend resiko 2.2 Per. per uu dan persyart lainnya 2.3 Tujuan dan sasaran 2.4 Indikator kinerja 2.5 Perenc awal dan perencanaan kegiatan yg berlangsung 3. Penerapan 3.1 Jaminan kemampuan 3.2 Kegiatan pendukung 3.3 Ident SB, penilaian dan pengendalian resiko 4.Pengukuran dan evaluasi 4.1 Inspeksi dan pengujian 4.2 Audit SMK3 4.3 Tindakan perbaikan dan pencegahan 5. Tinjauan ulang dan peningkatan pihak
mgt
Pedoman Penerapan
Bagi perusahaan : - Mempekerjakan Pekerja/buruh lebih dari 100 org - < 100 org dgn tingkat resiko bahaya tinggi
Dibuktikan dgn
Audit
MEKANISME AUDIT SMK3
Eksternal (3 th sekali)
Internal
Badan Audit (Auditor)
Pengusaha/ Pengurus
Pengawasan oleh Instansi Ketenagakerjaan pd
Pem.Prop, Pem.Kab/Kot
Wajib
TINGKAT PENERAPAN DAN KEBERHASILAN Tabel I
% Kecil 64 kriteria
Sedang 122 kriteria
Besar 166 kriteria
0 –59 % Tindakan hukum Tindakan hukum Tindakan hukum
60 – 84 % Bendera perak
sertifikat Bendera perak
sertifikat Bendera perak
sertifikat
85 – 100 % Bendera emas
sertifikat Bendera emas
sertifikat Bendera emas
sertifikat
Lampiran IV
MEKANISME SERTIFIKASI SMK3
Disnaker
Perusahaan
RTA Badan Audit
Konfirmasi Jadwal
Laporan Audit
Audit Kesesuaian
Depnakertrans
Ev An
Sertifikat
23
65
28
33
59
70
72
79
PROSENTASE KEPESERTAAN SEKTOR INDUSTRI DALAM
PELAKSANAAN AUDIT EKSTERNAL DARI TAHUN 1997-2003
2.40% 5.20%
38.30%
6.60%
24.10%
10.30%
4.10%5.50% 3.45%
FARMASI
KONTRUKSI
GENERAL MFG
ELEKTRONIK
PERKEBUNAN &KEHUTANAN
PETROKIMIA (INDUSTRI KIMIA)
OIL&GAS/MINING/PEMBANGKITAN
MAKANAN&MINUMAN
DLL
Group
discussion ILO-OSH
2001
OHSAS
18001
Key elements of all H&S
management systems
Auditing &
Improvement HSG
65
Key elements
All recognized occupational health and safety management
systems follow the same basic and common elements:
A planning phase
A performance phase
A performance assessment phase
A performance improvement phase
Group
discussion ILO-OSH
2001
OHSAS
18001
Key elements of all H&S
management systems
Auditing &
Improvement HSG
65
Setting policy
Organizing
Identification & assessment
Procedures
Communication
Employee participation
Acceptance monitoring
Active monitoring
Reactive monitoring
Review
Continual improvement
Planning phase Performance phase
Assessment phase
Improvement phase
Key elements
Group
discussion ILO-OSH
2001
OHSAS
18001
Key elements of all H&S
management systems
Auditing &
Improvement HSG
65
Common basis for HSG 65, OHSAS 18001 and
ILO-OSH 2001
Plan
Do
Check
Act
Plan:
Establish
standards for
health and safety
management
based on risk
assessment and
legal requirements
Do:
Implement plans to
achieve objectives
and standards
Check:
Measure progress
with plans and
compliance with
standards
Act
Review against
objectives and
standards and take
appropriate action
Key elements
Group
discussion ILO-OSH
2001
OHSAS
18001
Auditing &
Improvement
Key elements of all H&S
management systems HSG
65
HSG 65 is published in the UK by the Health & Safety
Executive (HSE) as a guide to successful health and safety
management.
The guide is more concerned with continual improvement
than the attainment of minimum health and safety
standards.
This framework is used by HSE Inspectors when auditing
the health and safety management arrangements of
employers.
Key elements
Group
discussion ILO-OSH
2001
OHSAS
18001
Auditing &
Improvement
Key elements of all H&S
management systems HSG
65
Policy:
Set a clear
direction, aims and
objectives for the
organization to
follow
REVIEW
Organize:
Put in a structure
and arrangements
to deliver the policy
effectively
Plan and
Implement:
Establish, operate
and maintain good
systems to deliver
the policy’s aims
and objectives
effectively
Measure:
Measure
performance
against agreed
standards to reveal
where improvement
is needed also
praise instances of
good working
practice,
compliance with
procedures, etc.
Audit:
Planned
assessment of
arrangements to
ensure they are
effective, suitable
and meet any legal
requirements as
well as in-house
standards
Review
Review of
performance –
actual vs. planned
taking into account
relevant
experiences and
applying lessons
learnt
POLICY
ORGANIZE
PLAN & IMPLEMENT
MEASURE PERFORMANCE
Key elements
OHSAS
18001
HSG
65
Group
discussion ILO-OSH
2001
Auditing &
Improvement
Key elements of all H&S
management systems
OHSAS 18001 is an internationally recognized accredited
standard for occupational health and safety management.
The standard is similar in structure to ILO-OSH 2001, with
the main exception that it is only awarded to organizations
following a successful audit by an awarding institution.
Key elements
OHSAS
18001
HSG
65
Group
discussion ILO-OSH
2001
Auditing &
Improvement
Key elements of all H&S
management systems
MANAGEMENT REVIEW
POLICY
PLANNING
IMPLEMENTATION & OPERATION
CHECKING & CORRECTIVE ACTION
Key elements
Appropriate to the nature
and scale of organizational
risks
Commitment to the
prevention of injury and
continual improvement
Commitment to at least
comply with legal
requirements
Provides a framework for
setting and reviewing
occupational standards
Communicated
Is reviewed periodically
On-going hazard
identification, risk assessment
and establishment of
necessary control measures.
Results of risk assessments
considered when determining
risk control measures.
Results documented and kept
up-to-date.
Establish, implement and
maintain a procedure for
identifying and accessing
legal and other OH&S
requirements.
Establish, implement and
maintain OH&S objectives
which must be measureable.
Provide adequate resources
Define roles, responsibilities
and accountabilities.
Appoint a senior manager
with specific OH&S
responsibilities.
Competent persons in
place.
Effective internal
communication structures.
Procedures for employee
consultation.
Appropriate level of
documentation.
Appropriate operational
controls – purchasing,
emergencies, etc.
Procedures to monitor and
measure OH&S
performance.
Procedures for evaluating
legal etc. compliance.
Procedures to record,
investigate and analyse
accidents.
Procedures for dealing with
actual or potential non-
conformity including taking
corrective action.
Records demonstrating
compliance with the
management system &
18001.
Internal audit programme.
Results of internal audits
and evaluations of
compliance
Results of consultation
Communications from
external parties (including
complaints)
OH&S performance
How well objectives have
been met
Status of investigations and
corrective actions
Follow up from previous
reviews
Recommendations for
improvement
OHSAS
18001
HSG
65
Group
discussion
Auditing &
Improvement Key elements of all H&S
management systems ILO-OSH
2001
ILO-OSH 2001 is a guideline offering a recommended
occupational health and safety management framework.
There are main common elements with the UK’s HSG 65
and OHSAS 18001; the framework is not legally binding on
ILO member states and does not seek to replace national
laws, regulations or standards.
To be successful the ILO recognizes that there must be a
national policy on health and safety and occupational health
and safety management systems in place.
Key elements
OHSAS
18001
HSG
65
Group
discussion
Auditing &
Improvement
Key elements of all H&S
management systems ILO-OSH
2001
POLICY
Key elements
More emphasis on
employee participation
Employees and safety
representatives to have
sufficient time and
resources to allow
effective participation.
Formation of a health
and safety committee.
Occupational health
and safety should be
compatible or
integrated with the
organization’s other
management systems
ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
Setting of
responsibilities,
accountability,
competence, training
and communication.
Effective supervision to
ensure protection of
workers
Establishment of
prevention and health
promotion
programmes.
Worker access to
records, monitoring
documents, etc.
Health and safety
training available to all
employees.
Development of a plan
following an initial
review of any existing
health and safety
system.
Plan to remedy any
deficiencies.
Support compliance
with national legislation
and require continual
improvement.
Contain measureable
and realistic objectives.
Hazard identification
and risk assessment.
Establish, implement
and monitor
procedures.
Emphasis on the health
and welfare of workers.
Recommendations
concerning
investigation of work-
related accidents,
injuries, ill-health,
disease and incidents.
Arrangements
introduced and
maintained for any
preventative and/or
corrective actions in
relation to performance
monitoring, audits and
management reviews.
Arrangements in place
for continued
improvement of the
management system.
Performed by
competent and
trained personnel at
agreed intervals.
Cover:
Elements of the
management
system.
Employee
participation and
consultation.
National legislation
compliance.
Meeting objectives.
POLICY
ORGANIZING
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION
EVALUATION
Key elements
ILO-OSH
2001
OHSAS
18001
HSG
65
Group
discussion
Key elements of all H&S
management systems Auditing and
Improvement
Auditing should establish how effective the following three
components of the health and safety management are in
reality:
1 Management organization and arrangements
2 Identification and implementation of risk control
measures
3 Workplace precautions and control measures.
ILO-OSH
2001
OHSAS
18001
HSG
65
Group
discussion
Key elements of all H&S
management systems
Key elements
Auditing and
Improvement
To be effective improvement does not need to be expensive
or complex but can benefit organization:
By decreasing the rate of injuries, ill health and damage
By a possible reduction in the resources required to
maintain the system
By accepting high standards and improvement in the
health and safety culture
With overall improvements in the management system
itself.
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