PC Hardware 1. Pre pare d by: CH.SRILAKSHMI PRASANNA Asst.Prof CSE[MREM] Week 5 Task 5: Hardware Troubleshooting: Students have to be given a PC which does not boot due to improper assembly or defective pe- ripherals. They should identify the problem and fix it to get the computer back to working condi- tion. The work done should be verified by the instructor and followed up with a Viva. Aim :- To resolve hardware troubleshooting. Requirements:- Hardware requirements, operating system requirements, Troubleshooting Tools. Procedure:- Troubleshooting Steps: 1. Identify the problem
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Students have to be given a PC which does not boot due to improper assembly or defective pe-
ripherals. They should identify the problem and fix it to get the computer back to working condi-tion. The work done should be verified by the instructor and followed up with a Viva.
Aim :- To resolve hardware troubleshooting.
Requirements:-
Hardware requirements, operating system requirements, Troubleshooting Tools.
3. Develop & implement a solution 4. If the problem isn't solved, go back to Step 1 and refine your information. 5. Document the problem and the solution.
Identify the Problem
1. After the user describes the problem, attempt to recreate it yourself. 2. Make note of other factors that exist when the problem occurs.
Gather Information
1. Did the problem start after the user installed hardware or software?
2. Did the problem appear suddenly or gradually? 3. Attempt to recreate the situation leading to the problem. 4. Use available troubleshooting utilities.
Develop and Implement a Solution
Remove or replace a suspect part.
Uninstall offending software. Run Antivirus or Antispyware utility. Verify the problem is solved.
• Every time the computer is turned on, it runs through a Power-On Self-Test (POST).
• The POST is a series of self-diagnostic tests that the computer runs through to test the major hardware.
• The POST performs basic test routines on the motherboard and major hardware devices. • It does not perform in-depth testing on the computer system.
It can only detect major failures that will prohibit the boot up process
• A POST card is a device that helps troubleshoot computer problems that occur before
the BIOS can report an error. • There will be times when a computer fails before a BIOS error can be reported.
• A POST card is useful because it provides the technician with a digital readout of any POST errors.
POST Messages:
Can be audible (Beeps) or visual: The beep pattern is telling you what part of the hardware is failing. Unfortunately
there are different standards for the beep pattern and you will have to refer to your moth-erboard's user manual for the meaning of it. And most common beep codes and error are
One Long and Three Short Beeps Indicates a video error has occurred and the BIOS cannot initialize the video screen
to display any additional information
• Most are related to system memory or cache • Keyboard missing or locked • Video System failure
CMOS/BIOS Errors:
• The complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) or non-volatile random ac-
cess memory (NVRAM) stores the systems startup configurations and parameters. • To access the CMOS setup utility, press the setup key during the boot process.
• The setup key must be pressed early in the boot process, or the system will load the in-stalled OS.
The CMOS setup key is usually F1, F2, or Delete.
• Clearing the CMOS memory is useful when the computer will not boot at all. • The easiest way is to clear memory is to remove the CMOS battery.
1. Turn off the power on the computer.
2. Remove the CMOS battery from the motherboard. 3. Short the negative and positive connections (terminals) of the battery location on the
motherboard
4. Replace the CMOS battery in its original position on the motherboard. Turn the power on (reboot) the system.
• Many cabling issues can be obvious to determine because they are usually due to faulty
physical connections.
• Reconnecting cables can resolve many of these problems. • Another common cable issue is mismatched interfaces. • Always verify that the proper cable is being used with the proper interface.
The best way to verify that the proper cabling is being used is to check the writing on the cable.
Ports:
• Port problems are typically diagnosed with a slow performing or inoperative peripheral
device.
• Common symptoms include the following:
– Completely inoperative port .
– “Device not found error” error message .
– Peripheral device is slow, or performance is bad .