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Slide 1
simplest kind of matter Cannot be broken down into simpler All
one kind of atom. There are 117 of these known to man
Elements:
Slide 2
Slide 3
Elements are symbolized by one or two letters.
Slide 4
The First Twenty Elements
AtomicNumberSymbolNameAtomicNumberSymbolName 1Hhydrogen11Nasodium
2Hehelium12Mgmagnesium 3Lilithium13Alaluminum
4Beberyllium14Sisilicon 5Bboron15Pphosphorus 6Ccarbon16Ssulphur
7Nnitrogen17Clchlorine 8Ooxygen18Arargon 9Ffluorine19Kpotassium
10Neneon20Cacalcium Click to move on
Slide 5
Each element has a specific number of protons in its nucleus.
The identity of an atom is determined by the number of protons in
its nucleus = the atomic number. The atomic number of an element
never changes. Example: Gold atoms have 79 protons so the atomic
number of gold is 79!
Slide 6
All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons:
The atomic number (Z)
Slide 7
The total # of protons and neutrons in an atoms nucleus =
atomic mass number. The number of neutrons in an atom can change,
even though the protons cannot. So, the atomic mass number can
change. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have a
different number of neutrons.
Slide 8
The mass of an atom in atomic mass units (amu) is the total
number of protons and neutrons in the atom.
Slide 9
Atomic and molecular masses can be measured with great accuracy
with a mass spectrometer.
Slide 10
Atoms of the same element with different masses. Isotopes have
different numbers of neutrons. 11 6 C 12 6 C 13 6 C 14 6 C
Slide 11
# protons = atomic number # protons + # neutrons = atomic mass
number Example: CHLORINE Atomic number = 17 Atomic mass number = 25
or 27 Protons = 17 Neutrons = [25-17 = 8] or [27-17 = 10]
Slide 12
Slide 13
Element Atomic # Atomic Mass # # of Protons # of Neutrons # of
Electrons 24 Mg 12 39 K 19 23 Na 11 19 F 9 27 Al 13 2H2H112H2H111
52 Mn 25
Slide 14
Know the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the atom.
Know the number of electrons that each electron shell will
hold.
Slide 15
ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION With electronic configuration elements
are represented numerically by the number of electrons in their
shells and number of shells. For example; N Nitrogen 7 14 2 in 1 st
shell 5 in 2 nd shell configuration = 2, 5 2 + 5 = 7
Slide 16
ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION Write the electronic configuration for
the following elements; Ca O ClSi Na 20 40 11 23 8 17 16 35 14 28 B
11 5 a)b)c) d)e)f) 2,8,8,22,8,1 2,8,72,8,42,3 2,6
Slide 17
Boron = 5 protons, neutrons and electrons Contains protons
& neutrons Can hold 2 electrons Can hold 8 electrons Can hold
18 electrons Protons Electrons Neutrons