sifat mekanik tembaga

CI3.44:Jdl

Low Temperature Mechanical Properties Of Copper and Selected Copper AlloysA Compilation From the Literature

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCENATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Alexander B. Trowbridge, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS A. V. Astin, Director

Low Temperature Mechanical Properties

Of Copper and Selected Copper Alloys

A Compilation From the Literature

Richard P. Reed and Ritchie P. Mikesell

Institute for Materials ResearchNational Bureau of Standards

Boulder, Colorado 80302

National Bureau of Standards Monograph 101

Issued December 1, 1967

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, t ,S. Government Printing Office Washington. D.C. 20402 - Price $2.75

ContentsPage

Introduction................................................................................................................ vList of abbreviations.................................................................................................... viI. Average mechanical properties of copper and its alloys quick reference graphs

Copper............................................................................................................... 2Cu-Zn (brass)........................................................................................................ 4Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze)......................................................................................... 6Cu-Si (silicon bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si.......................................................................... 8Cu-Ni................................................................................................................. 10Cu-Al-Fe (aluminum bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni.......................................... ............... 12

II. Compilation of mechanical property results on copper and its alloys tables and figuresCopper............................................................................................................... 18Cu-Zn alloys

Cu-5Zn (gliding metal).................................................................................... 54Cu-lOZn (commercial bronze)........................................................................... 58Cu- 15Zn (red brass)....................................................................................... 62Cu-20Zn(low brass)....................................................................................... 68Cu-28Zn-lSn (admiralty brass)......................................................................... 71Cu-30Zn (cartridge brass)................................................................................ 75Cu-35Zn (yellow brass)................................................................................... 81Cu-39Zn-lSn (naval brass).............................................................................. 85Cu-40Zn (Muntz metal)................................................................................... 91

Cu-Ni alloysCu-lONi...................................................................................................... %Cu-20Ni...................................................................................................... 100Cu-SONi...................................................................................................... 104Cu-45Ni..................................................................................................... 108

Cu-Ni-Si alloys.................................................................................................... IllCu-Si alloys (silicon bronze).................................................................................... 114Cu-Sn alloys (phosphor bronze)............................................................................... 120Cu-Al alloys (aluminum bronze)............................................................................... 128Cu-Al-Ni alloys (nickel aluminum bronze).................................................................. 136

III. Reference guide for mechanical propertiesReview papers.................................................................................................... 144Copper............................................................................................................... 145Cu-Zn (brass)....................................................................................................... 146Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze), Cu-Al (aluminum bronze), Cu-Ni........................................... 147Other Cu alloys (specific)....................................................................:.................. 148Many Cu alloys (together)...................................................................................... 149

IV. List of references...................................................................................................151

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 67-60379

Low-Temperature Mechanical Properties of Copper and SelectedCopper Alloys

A Compilation From the Literature

R. P. Reed and R. P. Mikesell

In the past 60 years considerable data has accumulated concerning the mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. It was felt that there was a great need to adequately document these results in one publication. Therefore a unique type of compilation is presented. The compilation is divided into four parts. The first section is intended for quick reference use for those who are interested in average values. The second section includes data from most of the investigators who have pub lished results on the mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. The third section is composed of tables classifying the investigations which were not included in section two. These usually involve investigations in which data were obtained only at one temperature, such as room temperature. The fourth section lists, in alphabetical order, all references used.

Key words: compilation, copper, copper alloys, low temperature, mechanical properties.

Introduction

In the past 60 years considerable data have been accumu lated concerning the mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. Earlier investigations were primarily concerned with hardness, tensile strength, creep, and fatigue of copper at ambient temperatures and above. Gradually, with the introduction of new alloys and low temperature testing techniques, the scope of materials, temperature, and type of tests has broadened. However, it is not possible to find in one publication an adequate and thorough compilation concerning the mechanical properties of copper alloys. It was felt that the need for such a publication was great. With this in mind, we are grateful to the International Copper Research Association (INCRA) and to the Copper Development Association for funding this compilation.

The selection of the alloys was based on INCRA advice. They include pure copper plus some of the common solid solution copper alloys (copper-zinc, copper-nickel, copper- aluminum) and some age-hardened alloys (aluminum bronzes, copper silicon, copper-zirconium). The only major alloy group which was omitted but perhaps should have been included is the copper-beryllium series. However, this group was included in the Cryogenic Materials Data Handbook,* and the reader is advised to refer to this pub lication to obtain references and average properties for copper-beryllium alloys.

The compilation is divided into four sections. Section I is intended for quick reference use for those who are inter ested in average values. Section II includes data from most of the investigators who have published results on the mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. Section III is composed of tables classifying the investigations which were not included in Section II. These usually involve investigations in which data were obtained only at one temperature, such as room temperature. Section IV lists, in alphabetical order, all references used in this compi lation. The preceeding paragraphs serve to document the procedures followed in this compilation.

The average values, plotted on pages 2 to 13 are esti mated from the curves of Section II. Common material conditions for which data are available are included. How ever, in cases where it was thought that the data may not be representative or where only scattered, possibly unre liable data points are available, then that particular alloy or condition or temperature region was omitted.

Section II includes all available mechanical property data for the selected alloys with two exceptions. If investi gators included only single temperature data (such as room temperature) and not time-dependent curves (such as stress- strain, fatigue, or creep) then the data were not included. Investigations of this nature which usually document trends

Obtained through Office of Technical Service*, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., designated PB 171809.

of tensile properties or hardness as a function of metal lurgical variables, such as grain size or irradiation, are listed in the tables of Section III. Some experimental data, particularly those obtained from single crystals, were not included in Section II. These data usually represent the results of flow stress, microstrain, or elastic constant experimental work. All references of Sections II and III are included in Section IV. In Section II the table adjacent to each graph lists all pertinent experimental and material information. If experimental or material details are omitted, it is because the information was not available in the reference. All individual temperature data points are plotted. However, the point at each temperature represents an average of the individual tests performed at the given temperature. Creep and fatigue curves for a given temper ature are average curves. Stress-strain curves were only included if the stress and strain were continuously recorded to fracture. Again, it seems appropriate to emphasize that if information is lacking on either the tables or the graphs, it may be assumed that the reference has failed to include it.

Considerable effort was made to present all of the usable data from the literature. Articles as early as 1895 are in cluded. No data, regardless of its suspected reliability, were deliberately omitted. All temperature points are included even though some of them are probably in error. Great importance was placed in presenting all of the data in Section II, so that an informed observer could use his own discretion in evaluating the data. Part of the program sponsored by INCRA included tensile, notch tensile, and elastic modulus tests from 300 to 4 K and impact tests from 300 to 20 K. The results of this test program are referenced in Section II under reference number 1.

Many papers included reliable data on copper and its alloys which did not fall within the scope of the compilation. It was felt that these articles should be included in the bibli ography and somehow referenced. The tables in Section III are the result. By referral to these, the reader may note the articles in which specific tests have been performed on a given alloy series. It is thought that these reference tables will also be valuable to the reader in describing the various tests that have been performed on a specific alloy. Similarly, knowledge may be obtained regarding the investigations of specific metallurgical parameters (such as irradiation on a given alloy or alloy series). About 30 review papers are included in the references and are listed in the table on page 144. Discretion was used in choosing these papers, since many more exist in published form, particularly in trade journals. In a few cases, data were taken directly from a review paper, since the source of the data could not be adequately located nor referenced.

Over 700 individual papers were examined and data were selected from the 465 references listed in Section IV. We

have undoubtedly missed some pertinent references, ft however it is hoped that these omissions are minimal. ft-lb

Finally, for a publication of this magnitude, many others G.L. have taken part. The authors wish to thank L. Berenbaum gm and W. Hawkesworth who have helped in the preparation G.S. of the tables and graphs. Mrs. L. Cottony provided valuable hr assistance in the procurement of over 700 papers which K were examined in this Monograph. The authors wish to Kc.p.s. express their gratitude to L. Ericks, who was responsible kgm for the majority of the figure drafting, and to Mrs. C. Dall- KT man, who performed most of the typing. Also, as previously stated, the authors are indebted to the International Copper Research Association, who have provided the necessary funds for the performance of this program.

foot, feetfoot-poundgage lengthgramgrain sizehourdegrees Kelvinkilocycles per secondkilogramstress concentration factor

List of Abbreviations

ASTM American Society for Testing Materialsapprox. approximatelyatmos. atmosphereBal. balance C degrees Celsius (centigrade)c.p.m. cycles per minutec.p.s. cycles per seconddiam. diameter F degrees Fahrenheit

Mc.p.s. mm

nvt

psi R

r.p.m.R(J-)sec.temp.U.T.S.Y.S.

L/2 distance between notchesnotch radius

megacycle per second millimeters

integrated fluxpounds per square inchratio of applied minimum to maximum stress in

fatigue tests revolutions per minute Rockwell hardness number, scale (x) second temperatureultimate tensile strength yield strength

Section I

In this section average values, taken from all investiga tions used in Sections II and III, are plotted. This is intended for quick reference.

ContentsPage

Mechanical properties of copper........................................................... 2Mechanical properties of Cu-Zn (brass).................................................. 4Mechanical properties of Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze)................................... 6Mechanical properties of Cu-Si (silicon bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si.................... 8Mechanical properties of Cu-Ni............................................................ 10Mechanical properties of Cu-Al-Fe (aluminum bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni......... 12

Mechanical Properties of Copper

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 IOO 200 300 400 50O

TEMPERATURE, F -4OO -30O -200 -100 0 IOO 2OO 300 4OO 5OO

100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K

STRENGTH OF COPPER

IOO 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

ELONGATION OF COPPER

IOO

TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -IOO 0 IOO 20O 300 4OO 5OO

100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K

REDUCTION OF AREA OF COPPER

500

TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 IOO 200 300 400 500160

IOO 200 300 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K

HARDNESS OF COPPER

Mechanical Properties of Copper

TEMPERATURE, F-460-400 -30O -2OO -100 0 IOO 200 300 400 5OO 160

100

80

20Cast , Charpy Keyhole

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

IMPACT ENERGY OF COPPER

10 id 16 10 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hourCREEP BEHAVIOR OF COPPER

TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 30O 400 50O

10 10 10 10FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF COPPER

24 --

MODULUS OF ELASTICITY MODULUS? OF RIGIDITYT"}T~"TT-

r

"Co/d Drawn 4%

tOO 200 300 40O 50OTEMPERATURE K

MODULUS OF COPPER

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Zn (Brass)

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 5OO

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 500

90

70

o 50

30

, 60 - 40, Cold Worked 25 %

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

STRENGTH OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE,K

ELONGATION OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

60-40, Cold Worked 25%'90 10, Hard

9O-10, Annealed-

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE,"K

REDUCTION OF AREA OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

TEMPERATURE,F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

,i....--f- , Brinnell (3000 kgm)

100 200 300 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K

HARDNESS OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Zn (Brass)

TEMPERATURE,F -4OO -3OO -2OO -100 0 100 ZOO 300 400 5OO

t 9O-/0, I / Annealed, Charpy V \

90-IO, Drawn 27% Charpy Keyhole

[6O-4O,Annealed, Izod

"60-39-1 Sn, Annealed, Charpy V

', 60 - 40, Cold Worked 17%, I Allemande, V-Notch

100 2OO 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

10 10' 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

I00xl0 k

60

40

20

108

._ 6

CO laJo:

1.0 0.8

0.6

0.2

6O-4O, Annealed 422 K(3OOF)^

_j~90-10, Hard _ \ ~^\ ,473K(390FT

15-15, Annealed ,_...j.._. 422K(3OOF)

0, Annealed 478K(4OOF)

10 10 10 10 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hourCREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 5OO

32 x I06

MODULUS OF ELASTICITY MODULUS OF RIGIDITY '*

/- 85-15, Annealed

^60-40, Annealed

6O-39-I Sn, Annealed

9O-IO, Cold Drawn

65-35, Cold Drawn


MODULUS OF Cu-Zn (Brass)

50O

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 500

320 x !03 T

TEMPERATURE,F -4OO -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 3OO 400 500

280

(/> 160UJQC

80

YIELD

4 - I - 4- -t +- ..--

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

160

TEMPERATURE, F -4OO -300 -2OO -100 0 100 200 3OO 4OO 500


IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

I0b 10 IOB FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)

Cu'5Sn(GradeA}, Drawn 84%, 422K(3OOF}

__ _U4.-4 U-iU- 1 --Cu-5Sn(Gra

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 3OO 4OO 500

280


STRENGTH OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) AND Cu-Ni-Si

80 -

Cu-3Si, Annealed

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

ELONGATION OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) AND Cu-Ni-Si

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200-100 0 100 200 300 400 500

Cu-4S

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -3OO -200 -100 0 100 200 30O 4OO 500

100

80

Cu-2NtISi, Aged, Charpy V | j j ]

tCu-3Si, Annealed, Charpy V t

__ _i ____jI I !

\Cu-3Si, Hard, Charpy V \

100 200 300 4OO 500 TEMPERATURE, K

IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) AND Cu-Ni-Si

10 10 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si

TEMPERATURE, F-4OO -300 -200 -100 O 100 2OO 300 400 50O

32x!06j1

10' 10" 10" 10CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour CREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si

MODULUS OF ELASTICITY

500100 200 3OO 400 TEMPERATURE,K

MODULUS OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) AND Cu-Ni-Si

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Ni

I60xl0 s

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

\] \9O-IO, Annealed, Notched\ >w A |

Drawn 4O %

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE,K

STRENGTH OF Cu-Ni

100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K

ELONGATION OF Cu-Ni

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K

REDUCTION OF AREA OF Cu-Ni

TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

120

40

20

90-10, Annealed , Charpy V 7O-30,Annealed, Charpy V

/ 7O-3O,Welded, Charpy V \

\ / 70 -3O, Anneoted, Cherpy Key ho le

70-30,Cost, Charpy Keyhole

100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K

IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Ni

10

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Ni

I06 I07 I08FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Ni

1.0 0.8

0.6

rllil-ntlt-^7O-30, Drown 84 % , 537 KfSdr'FJ

..... i 4.}

t ;-+--

!0~ 10 10 10CREEP RATE , inches per inch per hour

CREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu - Ni

TEMPERATURE, F . -400 -3OO -200 -IOO 0 IOO 200 300 400 500

100 200 300 400TEMPERATURE, K

MODULUS OF Cu-Ni

50O

261-278 O-672 11

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-NiTEMPERATURE, F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500320 x I0 3

120

,Cu-TAI -2Fe, Annealed, 1 Notched

,Cu-IOAI-3Fe, Annealed

,Cu-9AI-3Fe, Annealed

Cu-IOAI-5Ni-3Fe, Cast

Cu-IOAI-5Ni-3Fe, CastCu-8AI-IFe, Cast

100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K

STRENGTH OF Cu - Al - Fe (Aluminum Bronze)and Cu-AI-Ni-Fe

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

Cu-7AI -2Fe, Annealed

Cu-IOAl-5Ni - 3Fe, Cast Cu-lOAI -5Ni -4Fe, Cold Drawn

> 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

ELONGATION OF Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200-100 0 100 200 300 400 500

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE,K

REDUCTION OF AREA OF Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe

120

Cu-!OAI-5Ni-3Fe, Cold Rolled, Brinell ( 30OO Kgm)

Cu -10At - 5Ni - 3Fe, Aged, Brine II ( 30OO Kgm )

Cu - 8AI - 3 Fe , Annealed Brtnell { 3OOO Kgm)

100 500200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K

HARDNESS OFOrAI-Fe(Aluminum Bronze) AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe

12

Mechanical Properties of Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 5OO

100 x 10

140

60

Cu-8AI - 3Fe, Annealed, Charpy V

,Cu - IDA!, Cost, Charpy V

Cu-IOAl-5Ni- 3Fe, Annealed, Izod

0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe

70

60

20

Cu-9AI -INi- tFe, 7?K (-322F)

Cu-IOAl, Annealed, I 295K(7IF)

Cu -9AI~INi-!Fe, I95K(-IO9 0F)

Cu -9AI-INi -1Fe, 294K(?OF)

. Cu-IOAI-5N

Section II

Mechanical property data from all investigations for copper and its alloys.

15

ContentsPage

CopperTensile and yield strength.................................................... 18Tensile and yield strength (electrolytic tough pitch}................... 22Tensile and yield strength (oxygen-free high-conductivity)......... 23Tensile and yield strength (phosphorized)................................ 25Tensile elongation.............................................................. 26Tensile elongation (electrolytic tough pitch)............................. 29Tensile elongation (oxygen-free high-conductivity)..................... 30Tensile elongation (phosphorized).......................................... 30Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 31Tensile reduction of area (electrolytic tough pitch).................... 34Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 35Tensile stress-strain curves (electrolytic tough pitch)................. 37Hardness.......................................................................... 37Impact energy................................................................... 38Fatigue behavior................................................................ 40Fatigue behavior (electrolytic tough pitch)............................... 42Fatigue behavior (oxygen-free high-conductivity)....................... 43Creep behavior.................................................................. 44Creep behavior (electrolytic tough pitch)................................. 47Creep behavior (oxygen-free high-conductivity)......................... 48Stress-rupture behavior....................................................... 49Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 51Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 53

95Cu-5Zn (gliding metal)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 54Tensile elongation.............................................................. 54Tensile" reduction of area..................................................... 55Impact energy................................................................... 55Fatigue behavior................................................................ 56Creep behavior.................................................................. 56Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 57Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 57

90Cu-10Zn (commercial bronze)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 58Tensile elongation.............................................................. 58Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 59Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 59Impact energy................................................................... 60Fatigue behavior................................................................ 60Creep behavior.................................................................. 61Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 61Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 62

85Cu-15Zn (red brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 62Tensile elongation.............................................................. 63Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 63Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 64Impact energy................................................................... 64Fatigue behavior................................................................ 65Creep behavior.................................................................. 66Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 67Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 67

80Cu-20Zn (low brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 68Tensile elongation.............................................................. 68Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 69Impact energy................................................................... 69Fatigue behavior................................................................ 70Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 70

71Cu-28Zn-lSn (admiralty brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 71Tensile elongation.............................................................. 71Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 72Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 72I mpact energy................................................................... 73Creep behavior.................................................................. 73Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 74Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 74

70Cu-30Zn (cartridge brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 75Tensile elongation.............................................................. 76Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 76

Page

70Cu-30Zn (cartridge brass) (continued)Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 77Impact energy................................................................... 77Fatigue behavior............................................................... 78Creep behavior.................................................................. 80Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 81

65Cu-35Zn (yellow brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 81Tensile elongation.............................................................. 82Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 82Impact energy................................................................... 83Fatigue behavior................................................................ 83Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 84Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 84

60Cu-39Zn-lSn (naval brass)Tensile and yield strength................................................... 85Shear strength................................................................... 85Tensile elongation.............................................................. 86Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 86Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 87Hardness.......................................................................... 87Impact energy................................................................... 88Fatigue behavior................................................................ 88Creep behavior.................................................................. 89Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 90Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 90

60Cu-40Zn (Muntz metal)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 91Tensile elongation.............................................................. 91Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 92Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 92Hardness.......................................................................... 93Impact energy................................................................... 93Fatigue behavior................................................................ 94Creep behavior.................................................................. 95Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 95

90Cu-10NiTensile and yield strength.................................................... 96Tensile elongation.............................................................. 96Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 97Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 97Impact energy................................................................... 98Fatigue behavior................................................................ 98Creep behavior.................................................................. 99Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 99

80Cu-20NiTensile and yield strength.................................................... 100Tensile elongation.............................................................. 100Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 101Impact energy................................................................... 101Fatigue behavior................................................................ 102Creep behavior.................................................................. 103Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 103

70Cu-30NiTensile and yield strength.................................................... 104Tensile elongation.............................................................. 104Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 105Tensile stress-strain............................................................ 105Impact energy................................................................... 106Fatigue behavior................................................................ 106Creep behavior.................................................................. 107Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 108

55Cu-45NiTensile and yield strength.................................................... 108Tensile elongation.............................................................. 109Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 109Impact energy................................................................... HOFatigue behavior................................................................ 110

Cu-Ni-SiTensile and yield strength.................................................... HITensile elongation.............................................................. IllTensile reduction of area..................................................... 112

16

PageCu-Ni-Si (continued)

Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 112Impact energy................................................................... 113Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 113

Cu-Si (silicon bronze)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 114Tensile elongation.............................................................. 114Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 115Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 115Impact energy................................................................... 116Fatigue behavior................................................................ 116Creep behavior.................................................................. 118Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 119

Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze)

Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 120Shear strength................................................................... 121Tensile elongation.............................................................. 121Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 122Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 122Hardness.......................................................................... 123Impact energy................................................................... 123Fatigue behavior................................................................ 124Creep behavior.................................................................. 126Stress-rupture behavior....................................................... 126

Page

Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze) (continued)Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 127Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 127

Cu-Al (aluminum bronze)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 128Tensile elongation.............................................................. 129Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 131Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 132Hardness.......................................................................... 132Impact energy................................................................... 133Fatigue behavior................................................................ 134Creep behavior.................................................................. 135Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 135

Cu-Al-INi (nickel-aluminum bronze)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 136Tensile elongation.............................................................. 137Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 137Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 138Hardness.......................................................................... 138Impact energy................................................................... 139Fatigue behavior................................................................ 139Creep behavior.................................................................. 140Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 140

17

Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper

TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

.-|3_

CURVE

NO.

66a

66b

66c

66d

66e

66f

236*

270b

270c

279a

282

302 b

459a

459b

Annealed. Wire sample -0.030 inch diam. , all samples

tsmperatures 482' to 1742'F.

AnnaUd 482T - 1 hr. in air - 0.012mm. G. S. Wire sample - 0.030 Inch diam. , all samples from same wire. Y. S.-O. 5% strain.

Annealed 662 T - 1 hr., Ha atmos. - 0.015mm. C. S. Other specifications same as 66b.

Annealed 1022T - 1 hr., H, atmos. - 0.030mm. G. S. Other specifications same as 66 b.

Annealed 1J82T - 1 hr. , H a atmos. -0.045mm. G. S. Other specifications same as 66b.

Annealed 1742T - 1 hr., H a atmos. ~ 0.090mm. grain site. Other specifications same as 66b.

Annealed 932 'F - 5 hrs. Bar sample -0.2 inch diam. , strain rate : 1000 inches/inch/sec.

inch diam. , crosshead rate = 0.05 inch/minute,


CURVE

NO

78a

78b

89a

145a

316a

Annealed 1382F -after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

diam., crosshead rate = 0.26 inch/m.nule.

Annealed 1382F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch

,O, 0. 03Ni

0. 455i. 0. 05Fe, 0.05F, 0.02As

0. IPb

0.23As

0. 32As, 0. 02P 0.02Fe

0, 46Te, 0. 01P

REF.

NO.

78

78

78

89

316

316

CURVE

NO.

78c

91a

253b

279b

28 5a

316b

"316c

31bd

4bOa

406

46Oc

460 d

Hard.

diam. Wire sample - 0.033 inch diam.

Drawn 80. 7% from hot rolled bar, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 110 inch diam.

Dwn 67. 9% from ho, rolled -,.,. bar .uppli.d - 1/4 inch

0. 083 inch diam.

0. 110 inch diam.

Worked.

0.01% strain.

Cold drawn 21% - RB = 45. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam.

Y.S. - O.Z% offset.

Drawn 37%, bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Y . S. - 0.2% offset.

sample - 0.099 inch diam. . constant load applied while

specifications same as 460a.

Cold drawn 50.8%. Wire sample - 0.080 inch diam. Other

.PiSrj.v.m. aw,ir46orple - 57inchdiam - ther

COMPOSITION 53

Z53

253

253

253

279

235

316

316

316

460

460

460

460

TEMPERATURE, C F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 500

160x1!

150

140

130

120

110

100

S. 90CO53 80ac K w 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

YIELD

ANNEALED.._4.

100 200 3OO 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K

TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 50O

150

140

!30

120

no

100

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

COLD WORKED

YIELD

100 200 30O 40O 5OO TEMPERATURE, K

19


CURVE

NO.

n

Cu

?9. 54

>9.84

J9.9

Zn Sn At Ni Other

0.08O

0. 13A8, 0. 13O, 0. lOPb, 0, 08Sn. O.OZFe

0. 08O, 0.015

REF,

NO.

^^

n

28

179

210

302

422

465

465

465

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO.

li

lj

92*

143*

143b

18 U

*81b

18 Ic

*9b

Aged 450'C - 1 hr. - O.a03mm, C. S. - RB = 68 - after

85-90%, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - re-

crohead speed ~ O.OZ inch/minute.

Other specifications same as li.

Heated 1562'F - l/t hr. - water quenched. Y.S. - O.Z* train.

Aged 750 to 800 T - 1 to 1 hr. , - Rg = 48 - after cold drawing 75%. bar supplied - 3 inch dUm. Bar .ample - reduced section - 1.2.5 inches long X 0.48 inch diam. , Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

RB - 57. Other specifications same a* 143a.

Aged at 752 T - after cold drawing 54%. Bar cample - 0.25 inch diam., crosshead .peed -- O.OE inch/minute.

0.25 inch diam., crosshead .peed = 0.02 inch/minute.

Aged 842 T - after cold drawing 84%. Bar (ample - 0.25 inch diarn.rcroasjhead apeed - 0.02 inch/minute.

Aged ("fully heat treated"), bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. . cro.ihead .peed = 0. 1 inch/minute.

COMPOSITION (weight%)

Cu

Sal

39.77

J9.84

99.82

99.85

99.85

99.3

W. 4

Zn

Zr, t appro

Sn

timat

At

emeu

am

Ni

slre

as 1

Other

0. 18Zr, 16ppm Ag, 12ppm S. 2ppm A., 5ppm Sb, < 3PPm 0

0.23Zr

0. 16Zr

0. 18Zr

0. 15Zr

0. 15Zr

0. 7Cr

0.6Cr

REF.

NO.

]

1

92

143

143

281

281

281

298


500

20


CURVE

NO.

190a

190c

190e

195b

Z52a

25Zb

367g

367i

395a

395b

395c

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

A* cast, oxygen-free high -conductivity. Bar cample, 2 tests/temp.

As cast, phosphorized. bar supplied. I tests/temp.

alow neutrons/cm a/sec . - total dose was 5.1 X 10 ls alow neutrons/cm a - after annealing at 842 T - 1 hr. , oxygen- free high-conductivity, wire supplied - 0.080 inch diam. Wire cample - 6 inches long X 0.048 inch diam. , strain rate = 0.000082 inch/inch/sec.. Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

Hot rolled, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 1.58 inches square. Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

Hot rolled, bar supplied - 1. 58 inches square. Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

Drawn 34.8% at 302'F - 5 tests at -310'F. Other

Irradiated with 10 17 neutrons/cm 3 .

Irradiated with 10 1 * neutrons/cm 3.

Irradiated with 10 19 neutrons/cm 3 .

swaging 50%, wire supplied - 0.085 inch diam. Wire

0.013mm. G. S. Other specifications same as 433a.

Cu

>9.99

99.96 99. "98

99. 5

99. 999

Zn


Sn At Ni Other

0. 5Mg

REF

NO.

190

190

190

195

252

252

367

367

367

367

395

395

395

433

433

433

TEMPERATURE, F -4OO -3OO -200 -100 O 100 200 300 4OO 500


500

CURVE

NO.

24a

24b

91b

92b

171

188

225

403

421

432a


Electrolytic tough pitch

Lake copper

Plate samp!e - notched (Tipper)- 0. 76 X 0. 61 inch at notch -

Y.S. - 0. 1% offset.

3/4 inch diam.

Bar sample.


Cu

99. 9

99. 9

99. 71

99. 32

99. 47

99. 50

99.8

99. 96

Zn

0. 53

Sn At Ni Other

0. 29 Cr

0. 68Cr

0. 37As, 0. 07P, 0. 04Ni

REF.

NO.

Z4

24

91

917]

188

225

316

403

421

422

160x10'

150

140

130

120

no

100

90 ~80

UJ QLW 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

TEMPERATURE, F-4OO -300 -2OO -IOO 0 IOO 20O 3OO 400 5OO "i-5'ii-iL,IJ-J,I.I.l,J

CONDITION NOT RECORDED

YIELD

IOO 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K

500

21

Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERSCOMPOSITION (weight^)

Cu 7-n Sn At Ni

TEMPERATURE.'F -400 -300 -ZOO -IOO 0 100 200 300 400 500

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

TEMPERATURE,F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 30O 4OO 500

CURVE

NO

"-

Ht,

,4-

^2c

A ] i *>-F 1 d B 1 0 M h dstrain rate 0.00! mch /inrh se. . , V.S. - 0. 5% off set.

S 1)1 h 01 f

lonKX l/4 lnchdU,n .. stress ra,Stant: ,U0p .,

Annealed.

diam. , crosshead speed 0. .i5 inch/minute.

Soft. Y.S. - 0. J^c strain.

COMPOSITION (weight?.)

Ni

0.03

Other

0.08O

0.04O, O.OlAs

REF

NO.

-

n

64

78

89

92

160x10'

150

140

130

120

110

100

S. 90COw RnLJ ua:

Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

CURVE

NO.

64b

308

3l6g

3l6h

3161

316j

367a

367h

Drawn 50%.

head speed = 1/4 inch/minute.

Drawn.

Cold drawn 21%. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam.

Drawn 84%. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. , Y.S. - 0. 5% strain.

Cold rolled 5-7% - 0.042mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and

Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

offset.

^025d[nTd!am'. * " 2 Tt e . t , made in boiHn/JteT-1 *

strength recorded.

made in hot Crisco. i te.t./temp. except at 212'F: 4.


Cu

99. 9

99. 90

99. 9t

99. 90

Zn

0. 01

Sn A, Ni Other

0 . 0 3O

0, 0 JAg

REF

NO.

64

2b3

308

Mb

Jib

3 lt>

316

367

167

367

367

TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 20O 3OO 400 500 n3-

100 200 30O 4OO 5OO TEMPERATURE, K

Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

CURVE

NO.

J52

212a

213b

212d

316k

316m

supplied = 0.875 inch diam. Bar sample.

Circumferential V-notcK. ,20'. mm, to maximum

Other specifications same as 212a.

60 notch. Other specifications same as 212b.

rolling. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick.

Annealed - 0.025mm. G.S., bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Y.S. - 0. 5% strain.

^^^^r^L'^.tr.-A-r;-!,.offset.


Cu

99.99

99. 97

99. 97

99. 97

99. 9*

99. 98

Zn

0. 01

Sn A*. m Other

REF

NO.

152

212

212

2U

212

516

316

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 5OO

160x10

150

140

130

120

no

100

i. 90if)J, 80 UJcc h- 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

"- YIELD

100 20O 300 4OO TEMPERATURE, K

500

23

Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

TEMPERATURE, F -_400 -300 -200 -IOO 0 100 200 3OO 400 5OO

CURVE

NO.

1 IB

149a

149b

190d

195a

ZI7b

217C


Annealed 800'F - 1 hr - 0.025mm. G. S -R f - 34. Bar ample - 0. 505 inch reduced diam. - polished, rate of loading beyond initial yielding - 1% reduction of area per minute.

Annealed - 0.025mm. G.S. Bar sample - 0.505 inch diarn. -

minute. Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

Annealed - 0. 12mm. G.S. Other specifications same as 149a.

Annealed 600* F - t/2 hr. - after rolling at UOO'F. Bar ample, 2 tests/temp, except at 150 and 350'F.

drawing b4%, wire supplied - 0.080 inch diam. Wire

Annealed 392*F - 8 hrs. , He atmos. - 0. 014mm. G. 5. -

1/2 inch wide, long axis parallel to rolling direction, train rate

Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Phosphorized)

TEMPERATURE,F -400 -30O -200 -100 0 100 200 3OO 4OO 50O

CURVE

NO.

la

Ib

9

78 f

165

190f

316p

316q

362a

362b

362c


Annealed 1100'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S. - R = 35, bar applied - 3/4 inch diam . Bar sample - 1. 5 inch reduced

N t hed sample 0 25 inch diam at roots of circum

Other specifications same as la.

8

Annealed 1382T - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0. 418 inch

Annealed 1022 "F - 1/2 hr. -0.020mm. Y. S. - 0.2% offset.

1200F, bar supplied, 2 tests/temp, except 150 and 350F.

Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - after hot rolling, 0.045mm. G. S. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide, tested parallel to rolling direction, Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

Y.S. - 0. 5% strain.

Annealed - 0.015mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - 0.2% offset.

Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

COMPOSITION {

Cu

99. 97

99.97

99 92

99. 94

99. 90

99. 98

Zn Sn Ai Ni

0. 03

weight*)

Other

0. 03P

0. 03P

0. 02P

0. 05P. O.OlAs

0. 06P

0.02 - 0. 04P

0.01P

0. 02P

0. 02P

0.02P

RZF.

NO.

1

1

S

78

165

190

316

316

362

362

362

20O 3OO 400 TEMPERATURE, K

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -3OO -200 -IOO 0 100 ZOO 3OO 4OO 500

CURVE

NO.

Ic

Id

316r

316s

362d

362e

362f


Cold drawn 26% - 0. 144mm. G. S. - R = 50, bar supplied -

= 0.02 inch/minute. Y.S. - 0 . 2% offset.

radius (KT = 5.0). Other specifications same as Ic.

minute for U. T. S. and 0. 0059 inch/minute for Y. S. , I to 3 tests/temp, .Y. S. - 0. i% offset.

Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0.047mm. C.S. - after hot rolling and annealing 1150F - 1/2 hr. Sheet sample - 1/8 mch

Drawn 34%, bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Y. S. -0.5% strain.

Drawn 21%, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.

inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.

Drawn 84%, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - o. 2% offset.


Cu

99. 91

99. 9Q

99. 9!

99. 98

99. 98

Zn Sn At Ni Other

0.03P

0. 03P

0. 02 - 0. 04P

0. 01P

0. 02P

0. 02P

0. 02P

REF.

NO.

1

1

234

316

316

362

362

362

200 300 400 TEMPERATURE,K

25

Tensile Elongation of CopperTEMPERATURE, F

-460-400 -300 -200 -IOO 0 100 200 300 4OO 50O

CURVE

NO.

75a

75b

78*

78d

89a

282

285b

298.

J02b

Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam.. 2 inch G. L.

Annealed. Bar (ample - 0. 25 inch diam. . 2 inch G L

Annealed I382'F - after hot rolling, plate .applied. Bar ample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0 418 inch

sample - reduced section l-l/l inche". long x'o.-IB inch

Soft, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced lection - 2-1/2 inches long X 0. 418 inch diam. , crosshead speed - 0. 25 inch/minute, i inch G L

inch diarn. . 1. 18 inch G. L.

Annealed 1472 "F - l/i hr. , bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 394 inch diam., 2 inch G. L

Annealed 1202'F - 1/2 hr. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. ,

Annealed 1382'F. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Cross- head speed - 0. 1 inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.

Annealed. Z inch G. L.

COMPOSITION (weight*)

Cu

>9.98

>9. 98

>9. 45

>3. 60

99. 75

Zn Sn

0. 5

At Ni

0.03

0.78

Other

0. 4As. 0.06P

0. 03Ni

0. 45Si. O.OSFe. 0.05P, 0.02As

0. IPb

0.6Cr

REF.

NO.

75

75

78

78

89

282

285

298

302


500

TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CURVE

NO.

145a

170

198i

J9Sbi

198ba

198ci

198ca

279*


0. 039 inch thick, 0. 788 inch G. L.

Annealed 1112'F - 1 hrs. Bar sample - reduced section - 2 inches long X 0. 5 inch diam.. 2 inch G. L.

sample -0.118 inch diam. , 1. 18 inch G. L.

temp. . oar supplied - 3/8 inch diam. Bar sample - re-

rate = 8100 inches/inch/minute, total elongation recorded, 1.11 inch G. L.

as 193ai .

Strain rate = 27.000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi cations same as 19Sai .

Strain rate = 27.000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi cations same as 193*3.

Strain rate = 54,000 inches/inch/minute . Other specifi cation* same as 198ai .

Strain rate = 54,000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi cations same as 198aa.

Soft. 1 inch G. L.

Cu

?9. 75


Zn Sn At Ni Other

0.23As

REF.

NO.

95

145

170

193

198

193

198

198

198

279


26

Tensile Elongation of Copper

CURVE

NO.

Ic

64b

149c

I79b

263

31 61

316'

316u


Cold drawn 26% - 0. 144mm. G. S. - R B = 50, phosphorized.

1.5 inches long - 0. 141 inch diam. at middle - 0.250 inch

G. L.

Drawn 50%, electrolytic tough pitch.

Drawn 40%, oxygen-free h.gh -conductivity . Bar sample -

rate *0.01 inch/inch/minute.

inch diam. , 1.97 inch G. L.

temp. , 1 inch G. L.

2 to 3 tests/temp. . 2 inch G. L.

0. 083 inch diam. . 7. 88 inch G. L.

Cold drawn 25%, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample -

inch G. L.

coid ^rt^i* ; 7-42m7 ^ s:yt aftterhhot rt01nin*rdrolling direction, 2 inch G, L.

d: rection, 2 inch G. L.

same as 316i.

same as 316t.

same as 316r.

Cu

99. 97

99. 96

99. 90


Zn Sn At Ni Other

0. 03P

0. 5Mg

0. 02 - 0. 04P

0.02 - 0.04P

REF

NO.

1

64

149

179

217

234

253

263

116

316

316

316

316

316

TEMPERATURE, F -460 -4OO -300 -200 -100 0 IOO ?OO 300 4OO 5OO 80

100 ZOO 3OO 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K

TEMPERATURE, F -46O-400 -3OO -200 -100 0 IOO 20O 3OO 4OO 50O

CURVE

NO.

U

78c

91a

253a

253b

279b

28 5a

308

316b

316c

367a

465b

MATERIAL AND T-EST PARAMETERS

Bar sample - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0.247 inch

G. L.

re0dacedU.CedcUona-rd2 ^^c^lTlongTo "JlS frTch dUn?'

Hard. 1.97 inch G. L.

Drawn 88. 9% - from hot rolled bar, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 110 inch diam. , 7. 88 inch G. L.

Drawn 80. 7% - from hot rolled rod, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample -0.110 inch diam, , 7. 88 inch G. L.

Worked. 2 inch G. L.

Hard drawn. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam.

Drawn, electrolytic tough pitch. 2 inch G. L.

Cold drawn 21% - RB = 45, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch G. L.

Cold drawn - RR = 56, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch G. L.

0. 25 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 025 inch diam. . 212T

Cri.co, 2 tests/temp.. 2 inch G. L.

cations same as 367a.

1.97 inch G.L.

Tested after 1 hr. Other specifications same as 465a.


Cu

Bal

98. 60

99.09

99. 9

99. 79

99. 64

Zn Sn

Ippm

0. 91

A, Ni

4ppm

0. 78

Other

16ppm Ag. 12ppm S. 2ppm As,

0. 45Si, 0. 05Fe, 0. 05P, 0. 02As

0. 03O

0.21Te

0. 35Te

REF.

NO.

1

78

91

253

253

279

285

308

316

316

367

367

465

IOO 200 300 4OO 5OO TEMPERATURE, K

261-278 O-67 3 27

Tensile Elongation of CopperTEMPERATURE, F

-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

CUR VI,

NO

li

2H

9Za

Mia

14 Jb

HOa

mo*

29Hb

10 Za

Aged 450*f 1 hr 0.2Qimm, G. S. - RB 6H - after drt

dtam. B*r tarnple - reduced ectiori 2-1/2 inche* long X

te.trd n CO^, 2 inch G L.

. rull... bar .upphed 1/2 inch dm . Ba, .ample - re-

G. L.

Rolled, bar upplied - 1/2 inch diam li- r cample rr

G. L,

Aged 750 to 800' t \ UJ 2 hr. R B - 48 - after cold drawing 75%. bar mpplied - inch diarn B*r lample - re

G. L.

H B ^7. Other upec if ication* *mr a> H3a.

temp.. ^ .nthO.L.

e.,./tmp.. i.mhG.L.

A. ca.t phu.phor.ied i t.t./temp 1 inch G I

A K e heat treated"), bar .upplied - 1/4 inch diam.

Cold rolled. 1 men G. L

COMPOSITION (*eight%}

Cu

Hal

99. 54

99. B4

99. 7V

99. H4

99.82

99. 4

Zn Sn

Ippm

,, Ni

4ppm

Other

0. 18Z r, ifappm Ag, l^ppm S,

Tensile Elongation of Copper

TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 3OO 400 500

CURVE

NO.

24a

91b

92b

225

316n

3S3a

2 inch G. L.

1.97 inch G.L.

J.97 inch G.L.

in?h diam., Z inch G.L.

Oxygen-free high -conductivity, sheet supplied - 0.030 inch thick. Strain rite = 5 to 10 inches/inch/hr. . 1 inch G. L.

as 353a.


Cu

99. 9

99. 71

99. 32

99. 50

99- 8

99. 96

99.93

Zn Sn At Ni Other

0.29

0. fcSCr

0. 0Ni

REF.

NO.

24

91

92

225

316

351

353

353

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

Tensile Elongation of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

CURVE

NO,

64a

78e

89b

92c

145b

179a

190b

316f

3J6t

367b


Annealed.

sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch

inch diam., 1.18 inch G. L. ?

Soft.

2 inches long X 0. 5 inch diam.. 2 inch G. L.

Annealed 1292*F - 1/2 hr. in nitrogen. Bar sample - 0. 177 inch diam. , 1. 97 inch G. L.

at 150 and 350'F, 2 inch G.L.

Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - 0 . 040mm. G. S. - after hot rolling. Sheet aample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction. 2 inch G. L.

same as 316f.

Annealed 1382 F - 5 minutes - after cold drawing 96%, bar supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Wire sample - O.OZ5 inch diam.,

1 inch G. L.

Cu

99.92

99. 91

99.90


Zn Sn At Ni

0.03

Other

0. OBO

0.04O, O.OlAs

REF.

NO.

27

64

78

89

9i

145

179

190

316

316

367

TEMPERATURE, F -46O-4OO -3OO -20O -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 5OO

100 20O 3OO 400 50O TEMPERATURE, K

29

Tensile Elongation of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500on i '____I____I____i____I____I____I____I____I____i

CURVE

NO

|49b

15i

)90d

I95a

217b

217c

316k

316v

328

inch/minute, t inch G. L.

Annealed 0. 12mm. C.S. Other pecificationi ame a* 149*

Annealed - 0.025mm. C.S. - Rp - 34.0. Br tample - 0. 505 inch diam. , rate of loading = 3200 p.i/hr (3200 pi applied at I hr, intervals), 2 inch C. L.

Annealed fcOO'F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 1200'F. Bar

Annealed 842'F-l hr. - 0. 010 to 0. 015mm. G. S. - after

ample - t inche* long X 0.048 inch long, itrain rate - 0. 00038Z inch/inch/ec . , 2 Inch C. L.

Annealed J92'F- 8 hr. . He atmo. - 0. 014mm. C. S. -

1/2 Inch wide - long axil parallel to rolling direction, train rale 0.0305 inch/inch/minute to yield and a.0.02

5 te*t* at -32VF, 2 inch G L.

Annealed - 0.011mm. G. S. - RF = 49. Wire .ample -

temp., 1.2 inch G. L.

Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after rolling. Sheet ample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction, 2 inch G. L.

i me at 316*.

0. 708 inch G. L. (4 X diam. ).


Cu

r 99

99.99

99. 99

99.96

Zn Sn A* Ni Other

REF

NO.

149

149

152

190

195

217

217

316

316

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

Tensile Elongation of Copper (Phosphorized)

TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 IOO 200 300 4OO 500

CURVE

NO,

U

78 f

190f

316p


Annealed 1100'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S - R = 35, bar upplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar ample - reduced section - 1. 5 inchef long - 0. 247 inch diam. at middle - 0. 250 inch

G. L

Annealed 1332'F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar

Annealed oOO F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 120CTF. Bar

Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after hot rolling. Sheet ample - 1/8 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide, teated parallel to rolling d,rection, 2 inch G. L.

cationi tame ai 316p.

Cu

99. 97

99, 92

99. 90

99. 90

Zn


Sn At Ni

0. 02

Other

0.03P

0.05P, 0.01AB

0.02 - 0.04P

0. 02 - 0.04P

REF.

NO.

1

78

190

316

316

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

30

Tensile Reduction of Area of Copper

TEMPERATURE, F -490 -390 -200 -100 9 IOO 2OO 30O 400 590

CURVE

NO.

75a

170

270b

270c

279a

285b

302b


Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam.

Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 2 5 inch diam.

Bar cample -0. 118 inch diam.

n;r" L.;^ .:: r.^-jZ*

CO ro3

""I

o t

S

II

" -1

|

M -0 I 3

5

22

" |

"* ?!? 1 1 S 2.

fl K 2 5

S S

-

s s. 1 "^t

- fc 1

'

-ii

|! 5i ^s a 3 * S

2

5 >I

2-

I *n is li II 0*> ii s .^ p o s

2

p >

ffs 1 5- fl II 0 J^ I? II p ^ T H

S

5'

3 .

3 "

^ i < a 5"

0 H p u. 1

JC Hot rolled, bj " ! 5' 1 In P S a

s

= 3 |l !? 3 s | S I S a

s h i? 3 f| i

s

Ms

|^o ;s fs f" *> n II i

S

3 > 3 | 1 TI 3 S i T s

^ Vs p s 1 sa T

a

f y || " 3 1? a , P 0

- 1 5

i -: p^ i jO

^ 'w

" -c 0

b S- 1 o y

i? I : i P

3 x *

** 2

1 2 a

1 ?

* I

I"6" m * g- 3 5- < " 2'

if 5

S?

3 5 :! !

3' 1

-S * >

S P

21 " 3

f^ T _ 'li -

O : I ? ? S1 - z o if

0 m : i

8 TJ O 1

13

REDU

CTION

OF AR

EA,

percent

CO

CO

',

" 5' ^

o

5-

I!' s ; r i

b g

-~

o 'ss 3

-

H

REDU

CTION

OF AR

EA,

percent

S

a 09 0 ft 0

Tensile Reduction of Area of Copper

TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 50O

CURVE

NO

91b

92 b

188

116n

421

3/4 inch diam.

Bar .ample.

COMPOSITION (weight%>

Cu

?9. 71

99. 32

99. 50

Zn Sn A'. Ni Other

0. 29

0. fcBCr

0.37A., 0.07P. 0.04N1

REF.

NO.

91

92

188

316

421


Tensile Reduction Area of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

TEMPERATURE, F -460-4OO -300 -200 -IOO 0 100 200 3OO 400 500

CURVE

NO.

22b

64a

89b

92c

179*

1906

31bf

316t

diam,, tra>n rate ^0,001 inch/inch/iec .

\nnealed ?32'F - air cooled. Bar samp'e - 0 138 inch

Anne*l/temp. except at 150 and 350*F.

Annealed 1 1 50 ' F - 1/2 hr. -0.0*0mm. C. 5. - after hot rolling. Sheet mple - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, toted ?ar*llel to rolling direction.

ame a* 31 6f.

^.^.U'^'VAV^p^.


Cu

99. 9

99. 91

99.90

99.90

Zn Sn -'- Ni

0.03

Other

0.04O. O.OlAs

REF.

NO.

11

64

78

89

92

145

179

190

316

316

367


34

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Copper

CURVE

NO.

la

328

Annealed 1100'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. C. S. - Rf ~- 35, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample -0.250

G. L.

Annealed (*ot)-ASTM G. S. # = 5 - RH = 86. oxygen -free high -conductivity, bar iupplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar .ample - reduced .ection - 1-1/4 inch long X 0. 174 inch

.omete'r, ImchG.L. " "

COMPOSITION

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Copper

CURVENO.

Ic

161b

16ic

195b

minute. cUmp-on .tr.in gage exten.omefrr, ] mch G, L.

ame 29c.

Drawn 14% al -4S2F then unloaded arid warmed to 81" F in

"Unarm tiled".


Cu

99.9

99.9

99.99

Zn Sn At Ni Other

0.03P

REF

NO.

1

-29

29

163

163

195

O.I 02 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 STRESS, inches per inch

CURVE

NO

'g

11

29*

29b

I95a

Cold drawn o07 - 0.287 to i.OOmm. G. 5. - KB 45 to 53,

rt.gea -,50'C - 1 hi-. - 0. ,103mm. C. S. - R B - 68 - alter firat

90%. Other spec ifu ations same as Ig.

high-conductivnv. BAT sampl? - approx. 6 inches long -

rate , 0. 04 lnc h, .nch/minute.

me as 29a.

Annealed 843'F - 1 hr. - 0.010 to 0.015mm. G S. - after

inche long, (train rate - 0.00008^ inch/inch/ec .

COMPOSITION ( weight %)

Cu

Bal

Bal

Oiher

99.99

Zn

,.m,

Sn

Ippm

,

At

P~.

Ni

4ppm

.

Other

Sb, -. 3ppm O.

0. 18Zr

as for Ig.

REF

NO.

1

1

29

29

195

O.I 0.2 0,3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 IDSTRAIN, inches per inch

36

Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

CURVE

NO.

2U

lib

22c

179


Annealed 1112'F. Strain rate s=0.001 inch/inch/sec.

Annealed 1112'F. Strain rate ,= 100 Inches/inch/sec.

diam. , strain rate to U. T. S. = 0. 0004 inch/inch/sec . , 0. 75 inch G. L.

Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 177 inch diaoi.

Cu

99. 9

Zn


Sn Ai Ni Other

REF.

NO.

ai

21

a

a

179

160 x 10 I

140

130

120

110

100

90

? eoJ

I 70

60

50

40

30

20

10

O.I 02 0.3 04 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 STRAIN, inches per inch

Hardness of Copper

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 5OO

CURVE

NO.

79a

79b

79c

95

141a

14Jb

180a

IBOb

423a

42 3b

MATERIAL AND T-EST PARAMI-TERS

Annealed 1652F - 1/2 hr. - after cold rolling 50%. Diamond pyramid hardness-10 kgm. load.

,Diamond pyramid hardness - lOkgm.load.

Annealed 1652'F - 1/2 nr. - after cold rolling 50%, electrolytic tough pitch. Diamond pyramid hardness - lOkgm load.

Annealed 93-F. Strip sample - approx. 0.039 inch thick

made on same strip.

Aged 830-F - 16 hrs. - after annealing 1830'F - 15

nardne... * B

and cold rolling to R = 65. Diamond pyramid hardness.

d 1292 1 ' h ' h Cindenter - 120 - 25 kgm. load - 5 minute*.

load - 5 minutes.

Soft. 400 kgm. load - ball indenter - 10mm. diam.

Worked. 700 kgm. load - ball indenter - 10mm. diam.

COMPOSITION

Hardness of Copper

CURVE

NO

101

1 11

191

242

27i

359

442

10 to ISOkism load - 120' ton* indenter - diamond.

lirmell hardne,, - JOOOkgm. load.

lOOOkgm. load 1$ ec.

*mP iv v -H;,u;re - ^-;/Y7t- " v

Brinell hardne - 3 000 kg rn. load.

Oxygen -free high -conductivity. Dick .ample - 1/2 to 1 inch

500gm. load.

Electrolytic tough pitch. Con* indent er - 120* - diamond - 10 to 150kgm. load - 60 ec.


Co

n. 9

Zn Sri At Ni Other

REF.

NO.

101

131

191

242

273

359

424

442

TEMPERATURE, *F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 \00 200 300 400 500

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

Impact Energy of Copper

CURVE

NO.

54a

75

79b

79c

79d

15,6

IHOa

190f

282

295

Annealed 1100'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G, S. - R = 35, phosphonzed, bar upplied - J/4 inch diam. Cr,arpy V,

fracture at other temp.

Annealed 1292T - 4 hr. . chill - ca*e ingot supplied - 1/2

-- 65'.

Annealed. Iiod, ample partly broken.

rolling, phoiphonzed, plate supplied - 1 inch thick. Izod, ample cut parallel to rolling direction.

Annealed - Vickers hardnen = 49 (lOkgm. load) - alter

parallel to rolling direction.

Soft, bar supplied - 3/4 inch square. Standard Charpy key hole except for length: 2.0 Inches, Kammer velocity - 14.5 ft/sec., sample contained in paper boat at -323 and -423 'Y test* - correction applied, 1 to 3 tets/temp.

pitch. Square sample - 0.31 S (parallel to impact di rection) X 0. 394 X 3.94 inche.. 45' sharp V-notch - 0. 1185

partial fracture - all temps.

Annealed 603'F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 1200*F,

150 and J50F.

inches - V notch.

Annealed - R = 43, phoaphorized, bar lupplied - 3/4 inch

with liquid air and warmed to test temp, . 3 te*t/temp. , samples unbroken.

COMPOSITION (weight^)

Cu

>9. 97

?9.0

>9. 98

99. 45

99. 44

99.95

Zn Sn

0.01

0.01

At Ni

0.07

0.08

Other

0. 03P

0.02Se + Te, 0. OlAg

0. 36As, 0.07P, O.OlAg

0. 37As, 0.09O, O.OlAg

0.03P

REF.

NO.

1

54

75

79

79

79

156

180

190

282

295

-460-400 160

150

140

130

120

no

100

90 f>r 80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

TEMPERATURE, -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500

[79b] [79cJ

ANNEALED

100 200 300 TEMPERATURE,

400 500

38

Impact Energy of Copper


Aged 450'C - 1 hr. - 0. 203mm. G. S. - Rg = 58 - after fir, heating to 950 "C - water quenching -then cold drawing 85 90%. Room temp. : 88% fracture; -108F: 90% fracture;

cold rolling, electrolytic tough pitch, plate supplied -1 inch thick. Izod, samples cut parallel to rolling directi

Annealed 600T - 1/2 hr. - after rollin electrolytic tough pitch. Charpy keyho except at 150 and 350F.

cept at 150 and 350F.

longitudinally from bar, Charpy keyhole - paper boat container at -4^3'F, hammer velocity = 16 ft. /sec. .

Annealed (soft)-ASTM C. SJ= 5 - R = 86, oxygen-free high conductivity - bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. SampleASTM standard Charpy V-notch except for dim parallel to notch which was 0. 197 inch (1/2 standard

temps. , paper boat container used for -423F, values the nearest 0. 5 ft. -Ib.

mealed 1202F - 1 hr, - Brinell hardness = 48, elet

;cept for length: 2. 36 inches, 75 to 212'F - tested in

mp. except at -54 F: 2 tests.

COMPOSITION (w

16ppm Ag, 12ppm S. Zppm As, 5ppm Sb, < 3ppmO

TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 IOO 2OO 300 400 500

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 2OO 300 400 500

CURVE NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS

Cold drawn 26% - 0. 144mm. G. S. - R = 50, phosphorired, )9. 97 jar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy V, hammer velocity

40% fracture at -423'F - 10% fracture at other temps.

ind 65 at 392F.

tch depth: 0. 118 inch.

>n from back to notch bottom of 0.276 inch (ASTM = 0. 191

icture completely.

ts = 1. 575 inches, complete fracti

Charpy V. 99. 50

normal to columnar grains, 3 tests/temp

cast, oxygen-free high-conductivity. Cha

depth: 0. 118 inch, 2 tests/temp.

281d Aged at 840 F - 1 hr. - after cold drawing 69%. Simple 99. 3

lotch: 3/4 standard.

lotch: 3/4 standard.

;old drawn - Brinell hardness = 100 (500kgm. load), ba mpplied - 1/2 inch square. Standard Izod sample excef

11 ft./sec. , samples did not fracture.


0. 37As, 0. 07P, 0. 04Ni

O.O^Fe, 0. Ol(Sn

100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K

39

Fatigue Behavior of Copper

CURVE

NO.

lOb

78a

Ilia

113b

125a

126a

229*

35ba

356b

356c

Annealed I202'F - ] hr. - 0.015 to 0.020mm. C. S. , room temp. : U. T.S. -- 39.800 p.i - Y S 12.800 p., (0.2% off.et)-

reduced diam. , rotating beam - 2700 c . p. m ., R- -1,

gallon: '1^ a. i cycle' dld not br

Fatigue Behavior of Copper

CURVE

NO.

lOa

1 la

lib

58 a

58 b

58e

58f

Wg

5Bh

58 1

Drawn 67% - 0.040mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. - 7b,700 psi - Y. S. = 73,800 psi (0.2% offset) - Rg = 73, bar supplied-

polished, rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m. , sample at 30,000 psi- 6 X 10 8 cycles did not break.

Drawn 36% -0.040mm. G. S. , room temp. : U.T.S. - 48.800 psi - Y. S. = 46,500 psi (0.2% offset) - R B = 47, electrolytic

beam - 3500 r.p.m.

Drawn 39% -0.125mm. G. S. , room temp, : U. T. S. = 51,000 psi - Y.S. = 49,000 psi (0.2% offset) - RB = 37, oxygen-free

rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m.

sample - tapered part - 3-9/32 inches long X 3/16 inch

Reduced 37% - 0.033mm. G. S. , room temp, : U. T. S. =

41, 400 psi - R = 40, phosphorized. Bar sample - 0. 3

specifications sa-ne as 58a.

Reduced 37% - 0.025mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. - 51,600

as 58a.

Reduced 60% - 0.030mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. -- 59,300

as 58a.

COMPOSITION ght%|

Cu

98. 67

99. 95

99. 95

99. 93

99. 97

99. 96

99. 96

Zn Sn

0. 52

At Ni Other

0. 81Cd

0. 03O

0. 03O

0.01P

0.01P

0.01P

0. 03P

0.03P

0.03P

REF.

NO.

11

"

58

58

58

58

58

53

58

58

58

I06 I07 I0e FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

to9

CURVE

NO.

78c

Ilia.

211b

211c

356e

356f

356g

356h

356j

436*


Cold rolled -,o hard temper, plate supplied. Bar sample -

diam. , rotating beam - 2700 c. p.m. , sample at 2 1, 200

8%.

Cold rolled, room temp.: U.T.S. = 40,430 psi, electro-

c.p.m. , data spread 12%.

Hot rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. =3], 433 psi. Data

inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 5 inch reduced diam. , 2200

did not break.

Tested in vacuum - 0. 0005 to 0.001mm. Hg. Other

Exuded to 7 8% reduction of area, room temp. : U. T. S. =

specifications game as 356g.

32,900 pi, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam.

in air.

Tested in vacuum - 0. 0005 to 0.031mm. Hg., sample at

specifications same as 356i.

Cold rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 52,000 psi, Y. S. = 21,500


Cu

93. 60

99. 92

99. 92

99. 96

9'9. 96

99. 96

99.96

Zn Sn A( Ni

0. 78

Other

0. 45Si. O.OSFe, 0.05P, 0.02As

0. 02Fe

O.OIFe

0. OIFe

0. 043

0. 04O

0. 02P

0.02P

O.OIFe

REF.

NO.

78

211

211

211

356

356

356

356

356

356

436

70 - -

41

Fatigue Behavior of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

CURVE

NO

216*

iI6b

1 1 be

Annealed HU-I - ' .ever., Hr.. - Ar atmo.. W,,ple -

225t.p, . , R -i.

pecification. amr a. 2 1 6.1 .

a* 216*.


Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other

0.03O

0. 03O

0. 03O

REF

NO.

216

216

216

70

10 I06 I07 I08 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

CURVE

NO.

lOd

78 e

146*

M6b

204a

204c

20 4d

38 ba

43 6b

456

456b

Annealed 1111 f - i ,1/4 hrs. -0.040mm. G. 5. , room temp. :

rsTo\-^:i;d;^T^^Tdi3d"7;i: samplcs atA 1 d 1382F 1 1 ample - 3/8 inch reduced diam. , rotating beam - 2700 r.p.m.

water quenched, room temp. : 1' . T. S. -- 31 ,200 pgi - Bnnel!

6X IO'*ndl.4X 1C " cycle* did not break.

Fiexura! beam . Other .pecihcanon. .ame a, 14ba.

U. T. S. T- 46,500 pi - Y. S. ; 21,200 psi (0.01% offset), bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Sample - conically tapered, rotating

Other ipeciiicahon* same as 204a.

Annealed 1200 F - 1 hr. - after hot rolling, room temp. : U. T. S. = 31.200 p; - Y. S. r 4,500 pn (0. 01% offset). Other

Other .peculation, .ame a. 204a.

tmp. :U,T.S. = 31,000 p.i - Y.S. = 2, SCO psi (0. 1% offset) -

diam. . .ingle point rotating cantilever - 4500 r.p.m.

Annealed 600'C - 1/2 hr, , room temp. : U. T. S. = 33,400 pi- Y.S. ; 6.850 psi (0. 2% offset) - R F - 34.0. Rotating beam.

U. T. S, - 46,900 psi - Y. S. : 20.000 psi. Notched .ample -

Annealed 750 T - 2 hr. - furnace cooled, room temp. :

ame us 456*.

COMPOSITION (v

Cu

99.95

99. 9/

99. 996

99. 996

99. 996

99. 996

99.93

Zn Sn

0.01

0.01

At Ni

0.03

weight %)

Other

0. 03O

0.04O, O.OlAs

O.OlPb, O.OIFe

O.OJPb, 0. OIFe

O.OIFe

O.OIFe

O.OIFe

REF

NO.

10

78

146

146

204

204

204

204

261

386

436

456

456 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

42

Fatigue Behavior of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

CURVE

NO.

19Za

289

Annealed.

amplitude = 1.5, tension stress plotted.

Tors,on ampHtude = Z. V. Other spec Nation* same a, 343a.

Cu zn


Sn At Ni Other

REF

NO

m.i89

343

343

343

343

CURVE

NO.

29a

29b


Annealed llll'F -l/l hi. - N 2 atmos.. room temp. : U.T.S^ 30,000 pei - Y. S. = Z.700 psi (0.1% offset). Bar sample - 0.564 inch reduced diam. , uniaxial stress - 10 c. p.m. . R = - 1,

Drawn, room temp. : U. T. S. = 33,400 psi - Y.S. = 30,900


Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other

REF.

NO.

^9

29

261-278 O-674

10" 10* 10* I0a FATIGUE LIFE, cycles

Creep Behavior of Copper

Cf KV*.

NO

60 J

60:

60 g

Annealed -Q.Q^mm. G. S , room temp.; U.T.S - 1,WO

t.j-iductivity. bar sample - 1/8 inch diam.

inch di.m.

COMPOSITION

Cu

99. 93

Z.n

0.01

sn ,a Ni

o. oi

Other

0. CMFe

REF.

NO

60

60

60

10"* 10"

CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

CURVE-

NO

MbPF

1000 hrs.

d.am.. total e. ,,me - 1000 ; ir ..

AnnT ledd "oo mmh-,G - s -' r ttr;lytit tough puch> wire

3-ncK^. B-r-^-l/-^-^. -,OichC.U.

Annealed - 0.070. G. S , pho.phoriied. bar .applied -

second stage creep.

COMPOSITION (weight 1?.)

Cu

99. 97

99. 93

99.93

Zn Sn M Ni Other

O.OiP

O.OiP

0.02P

o. o^p

REF.

NO.

9

9

3)6

362

36^

362

IO"9 IO"8 I0~7 IO*6 IO"5 IO"4CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

44


CURVE

NO.

91c

2S6c

316kk

316rr

at 1003 hrs.

A 1 d W 10 OS! h d' dcreep.

Annealed - 0. OJO.-nm. G. S - R F - 40. sheet supplied -

Annealed - 0.025mm. G. S . . bar supplied - 0.125 inch

COMPOSITION

Cu

)9. 09

9?. 94

?. 89

99. 53

- Sn

0. 91

A, Ni Other

0.01P

0 . 2 4 7 r

0. 05Ag

0. (HAg, 0. C^O

REF,

NO

91


Drawn Ht%. room temp.: U.T.S S4, SO'J ps, - Y. S


100x10'

10'" 10'" 10-' 10' I0 5 I0-4 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour


0. 46Tc, 0. DIP

3. 03Ag, 0. OIO

80

60

40

20

10 8

6 n i. . 4 o o J t

o 2

1.0 0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

O 1

[3 4

ft

['

76dj 03 'h

I6dj 22'

*86d]\

1 '(266

-?

K(3Ot

(2OC

F>7

I'F)

F>-

e*

4

[376 f].403' K(

yP

*,

1-/J

76a]

kf$WVr376 403

(266

266'F)I/:/

/I_ :

i/

f^flK(2\ -F)

176fJ 448 'K

COLD WORKjI

f347'fU/

!d,37t iff 4rn

J76csWF

Tfft a

"J

9247

K(

dl'3'K(392

392'FJfj\ \ \K(347'F) ~f376cj 4O3'K(266'

i

vpt IP

TOTe

\

fures st T\

*to imps

ED -

F)

F)


CURVE

NO.

57b

316hh

362d

362e

362f

Drawn 84%; room temp. : U. T.S. = 57, 500 psi - Y.S. = 53,00( pni (0.2% offset), phosphorized. Bar sample - O.US inch

Cold rolled 30% - Rg = 65. sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.

Drawn 21%. phosphorized, bar supplied - 3 :nch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. - 10 inch G. L. , 300"F - second

second stage except for 25.000 psi: third tage; 500'F second stage except for 10,000 psi: third stage.

Drawn 37%, phosphorized. bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. - 10 inch G. L. 300* F -

Drawn 84%, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar ample - 1/8 inch diam. - 10 inch C. L. , 300' F - second

500 'F - second utage except for 10,000 psi: third stage.


Cu

99.95

99.89

99.98

99.93

99.98

Zn Sn A-t N Other

0.01P

0. 09Ag, 0.02O

0. 02P

0. 02P

0. 02P

REF.

NO.

57

316

362

362

362

io'9 icr8 io'7 icf 6 io"5 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

Creep Behavior of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)

CURVE

NO.

316ii

3K>jj

316"

3 1 6nn

31 600

^ r-^^^r0^^' ^ ^

creep.

supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.

Cold rolled 107o - 0.035mm. G. S. - RB = 50, electrolytic tough pitch, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.

Cold rolled .15% - 0.030mm. G. S. - R B = 57, electrolytic toagh pitch, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.

5 inch G. L. Second *tage creep.

COMPOSITION (\weight%)

Cu

99. 89

99. 97

99. 97

99.97

z .

0. 01

Sn At Ni Other

0. 0?Ag, 0. 02O

0. 03Ag

0. 03O

0. 033

0. 03D

0. 09Ag, 0. 02O

REF.

NO.

316

316

316

316

H

376

10'* ICf8 ICT IO"6 10 sCREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour

47

Creep Behavior of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)

HO.

n^d

202e

202g

"2h

202m

bar supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Bar sample - 0, 159 inch

Annealed 1562F in vacuum - 1 hr. - furnace cooled, bar

loll constant.

Water quenched. Other specification, . ame as 202c.

Annealed 1562 F, N B atmos. - 1 hr. , furnace cooled.

supplied - 0.^5 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 159 inch diam.,

Same specifications as 202e.

COMPOSITION

Stress-Rupture Behavior of Copper

CURVE

NO

4Jdc

4SSa

455b

100*F:U.T.S ^41,900pt, Y.S. = 36, 200 p*i (0. 1% olf-

0.064 inch thick - cut normal to rolling direction.

Hard - 0.014mm. G. S. , Vicker* hardne.. = 111. 100'F: U. T. S -- 52. 900 pn. Y.S. -- 4). 900 pBl (0. 1% off.et).

0.064 inch thick - cut normal to rolling direction.

Annealed 1562'F - Hj atmo*. - 1 hr. - furnace cooled 194'F/hr., bar *jpplid - 0.25 inch diam. Bar cample - 0. 160 inch diam.

Water q ,.nch.d. Other .plication, .am, a. 455a.

COMPOSITION (weight%>

Cu

99. 9*

Zn Sn At Ni Other

O.OZO, O.OlPb, 0 . 0 1 Sn

0.020. O.OlPb. O.OlSn

0. 05Ag

0.05Ag

REF.

NO,

4)8

4)8

455

455

80 6O

4CX

20

10 8 6

0

* 4 r> 0 JC

1.0 .8

.6

4

.2

ni

38 1in'*/4-11(Y/O

n

Q-< \

5^

> Z!5ff/

l+Jtf

" -^-

*-ry

"/r^/

5-^

-^"

/s

30*

=}^55//

7"

^V

*n/ ore

trctL Test

\

\INEA

G

/VS J/Temp

LED

'Owns.

___

0,1 \& 10 100 1000 10000 LIFE TO RUPTURE, hours

STRESS-RUPTURE BEHAVIOR OF COPPER

CURVE

NO.

92 b

247a

2476

445

Hard

Wire aample - O. 091 inch diam. Sample* at 22,000 psi -

Strip sample - 0.260 X 0,050 inch thick. Sample at 20.000 pn - 500 hr. did not break.

0.064 men diam. , (ample* at 47,000 pii - 520 hri. and 42.000 pal - 620 hr*. did not break.

Sintered 1904'F - 20 hri.


Cu

99. 8

99.9

99.01

Zn Sn At Ni Other

0.2Cd

0. IMn

0. 9Cr. 0. 09Si

REF.

NO.

92

>47

247

247

445

UJcr

i.o0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

Temperatures shown ore Test Temp's

O.I 1.0 10 100 LIFE TO RUPTURE, hours

50

Modulus of Elasticity of CopperTEMPERATURE, F

-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 50O

CURVE

NO.

316f

316k

316p

316t

316y

316

316tt

3 1 6uu

316vv

Annealed 1150F - \fi hr. - 0.040mm. G. S. - after hot rolling, electrolytic tough pitch. Sheet ample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.

Annealed 1150*F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after hot

1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.

Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after hot

direction. Other specifications same as 316f.

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