Side_Impact_Van_MDB

ME-8020Crashworthiness and occupant

protection in Transportation System

FMVSS 214 Side Crash ImpactVan with Moving deformation barrier

Presented By:Adithya Kargadi Ganesh Aithal: Fy4156Siddhesh Ozarkar- Fr8695

Objective• The main objective of the project was to do the analysis and simulation

for FMVSS 214,Side Impact Protection, specifies performance requirements for protection of occupants in side impact crashes. • Calculated the HIC, CSI, Pelvic and other related parameters to dummy

and compared with the values specified by FMVSS 214.• Structural reinforcement is done and compared its effect with the base

run.• Several ideas also shared for the improvement of the structure.• Vehicle performance is analyzed and compared it with 5 star safety

ratings.

FMVSS-214 -“DYNAMIC” SIDE IMPACT PROTECTION

Test Requirements• It involves –A moving Deformable Barrier(MDB) striking a stationary vehicle (Van in our case) at 90 degree with all wheels are not rotated from longitudinal axis with 33.5 mph (50 KMPH) closing speed.• Dummy used is 50th Rigid Hybrid-III dummy.• IRD calculation:• If wheelbase < 250 cm, then IRD = 144.8 cm• If 250 cm <wheelbase <290 cm, then IRD = (wheelbase / 2) + 19.8 cm• If wheelbase> 290 cm, then IRD = 164.8 cm• In our case it is more than 290 cm and hence Simulation done by keeping IRD as 164.8cm

Test requirements continued..• The Thoracic Trauma Index (TTI(d)) shall not exceed: • (a) 85 g’s for a passenger car with four side doors, and for any

multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, or bus; and, • TTI(d) = ½ (Gr + GLS) Where Gr - Is the greater of the peak accelerations of either the upper or lower rib and GLS – Is the lower

spine peak acceleration .

• The peak lateral acceleration of the pelvis shall not exceed 130 g’s(5525N)• HIC Value Should not exceed 1000 and Chest deflection should be

within 44mm.• Door Opening • Any side door, which is struck by the moving deformable barrier shall

not separate totally from the car.

Test requirements continued..• Any door (including a rear hatchback or tailgate), which is not struck

by the moving deformable barrier, shall meet the following requirements: • The door shall not disengage from the latched position: • The latch shall not separate from the striker, and the hinge

components shall not separate from each other or from their attachment to the vehicle.

• Neither the latch nor the hinge systems of the door shall pull out of their anchorages.

Images of VAN and Moving Deformation of barrier (MDB)

Exploded View Of VAN

Windshield

Hood

Bumper

A-pillar Outer door panelB-pillar

C-pillar

Roof

Exploded View of MDB

MDB Chassis

Front Bumpers

Aluminum Honeycomb

Side impact model

Simulation steps:-Initial Model Setup according to FMVSS 214 side impact tests.

Specify the contacts and initial velocity for MDB and have the base run.

Once the Base run is done, Introduce Airbag, Seat, Side Airbag and Run with proper setup.

After the complete run of above step, Introduce dummy and Specify the contacts again and run the file.

In case of error please repeat the steps checking through each card.

Once the final run is completed, Calculate the intrusion, dummy parameters.

Do the what if analysis or structural reinforcement to reduce the crumpled zone and reduce the dummy injury.

Base Run Animation Showing Y displacement

Max Y Intrusion is found to be 772mm

Van Model with dummy, Seat and Airbags

Steering with Airbag

Fabric Seat Dummy with Seat Belt Side Airbag

Van Energy Curves with Animation

Looking at the energy curves we can see the Linear Variation of Kinetic and Internal Energy.

HIC 36 value found to be 167

CSI value found to be 167 which is lesser than 1000, Shows that implementation of Side Airbag and Seat Belt helped a lot in saving the occupant.

Van with dummy animation

Dummy Before and After contour plot

Dummy BeforeDeformation contour plot in Y direction Plastic strain in dummy Elements

CSI of dummy

CSI value found to be 318 which is lesser than 1000, Shows that implementation of Side Airbag and Seat Belt helped a lot in saving the occupant.

Dummy’s’ Chest deflection

Left side of the dummy is deformed by around 200mm from the default position, which is a serious injury, Ideally it should be below 44mm according to FMVSS requirement to become 5 star safety rating. Indicates necessity of some structural reinforcement along with side airbag near doors.

Pelvic Acceleration in mm/sec^2

Pelvic acceleration found be 589g, it should be less than 130g for 5 star rating, indicates side doors should made stronger t absorb more internal energy and also side airbag near doors need to be placed.

Effective Plastic Strain

Von mises stress after Impact

Observation after initial Base Run

•Doors are opening near where they are Latched.•Window is coming out which needs fixation.•Side Airbag needs to implemented in side doors, So that less amount of force is transmitted to Dummy chest.

Rail needs to be stiffened with extra support members to transfer minimum force.

Observation after initial Base Run

What if analysis

Beam member is added to support the chassis and to take more load when crushed.

Compared with above slide shows that there is decrease in crumpled zone. Please refer to below slides for more clarity

Movie of Comparison (Deformation) between before and after

Y-displacement comparison (Before and After).

Before-Deformation was around 800mm in Y direction.

After-Deformation was around 600mm in Y direction.

Force Vs Deflection curve Comparison Before and after Reinforcement

Before- max force is found to be 17.315 KN.After-max force is found to be 16 KN. Shows that Force carrying capacity is increased.

Other Ideas…• To meet the head injury criteria in the pole test, vehicle

manufacturers would likely need to install dynamically deploying side head protection systems, such as head air bags or inflatable air curtains that drop down from the roof line above the door frame.• Air curtains can reduce head injuries in side crashes of passenger

vehicles with poles and trees as well as side impacts from vehicles with high front ends. They also can help reduce partial and full ejections through side windows.

Side Airbag Needs to be implemented in doors which helps to reduce the injuries to ribs of the dummy.

Structural improvement Between A and B pillar.

Introducing Cross Beam Members behind the Doors will help to absorb more energy during side crash.

Introducing more crush members below in rail assembly

Crushable members to transmit less force to fuel tank Holders.

Improvements in B-Pillar by filling it with soft materials such as Foam or Making them composites.

A and B Pillar thickness can be increased by filling it with Foam or making them composites its crush resistance can be increased.

Conclusions• To meet the head injury criteria in the pole test, vehicle manufacturers

would likely need to install dynamically deploying side head protection systems, such as head air bags or inflatable air curtains that drop down from the roof line above the door frame.• Air curtains can reduce head injuries in side crashes of passenger vehicles

with poles and trees as well as side impacts from vehicles with high front ends. They also can help reduce partial and full ejections through side windows.• Side Door Beams and Rail Members below the chassis will increase the

absorption of internal energy.• Introducing composites in B and A pillar will help in reducing dummy

injuries.

THANK YOU