Short Introduction to CLIC and CTF3, Short Introduction to CLIC and CTF3, Technologies for Future Linear Technologies for Future Linear Colliders Colliders Explanation of the Basic Principles and Explanation of the Basic Principles and Goals Goals Visit to the CTF3 Installation Visit to the CTF3 Installation Roger Ruber Roger Ruber
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Short Introduction to CLIC and CTF3,Short Introduction to CLIC and CTF3,Technologies for Future Linear CollidersTechnologies for Future Linear Colliders
Explanation of the Basic Principles and GoalsExplanation of the Basic Principles and GoalsVisit to the CTF3 InstallationVisit to the CTF3 Installation
Roger RuberRoger Ruber
2Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction
Collider History
• hadron collider at the frontier of physics– huge QCD background– not all nucleon energy available
in collision
• lepton collider for precision physics– well defined CM energy– polarization possible
• next machine after LHC– e+e- collider– energy determined by LHC discoveries
consensus Ecm ≥0.5 TeV
p p
e+ e-
Simulation of HIGGS production e+e– → Z H Z → e+e–, H → bb
3Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction
Circular versus Linear Collider
Circular Collidermany magnets, few cavities, stored beamhigher energy → stronger magnetic field
→ higher synchrotron radiation losses (E4/R)
Linear Colliderfew magnets, many cavities, single pass beamhigher energy → higher accelerating gradient
higher luminosity → higher beam power (high bunch repetition)
source main linac
N
S
N
S
accelerating cavities
4Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction
Cost of Circular & Linear Accelerators
Circular Collider• ΔE ~ (E4/m4R)• cost ~ aR + b ΔE• optimization: R~E2 → cost ~ cE2
Linear Collider• E ~ L• cost ~ aL
cost
energy
CircularCollider
LinearCollider
200 GeV e-
5Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction
e+ Linac
Interaction Point with Detector
e- Linac e+ source e- source
RF powerSource
RF powerSource
Linear Collider R&D
CTF3 goals:1. high accelerating gradient2. efficient power production3. feasibility demonstration
accelerating cavities accelerating cavities
6Roger Ruber - CLIC/CTF3 Visit - Introduction
Acceleration of Charged Particles
• Lorenz (EM) force most practical
• increasing particle energy
• to gain 1 MeV energy requires a 1 MV field
Direct-voltage acceleration used in• TV tube: 20~40 kV• X-ray tube: ~100 kV• tandem van de Graaff: up to ~25 MV