Page 1
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 1
Shivaji University, Kolhapur
Structure for BE Electrical
Semester VII
Sr.
No Category Course Title L T P
Contact
Hours
Marks
Theory T W POE Total
1 EE Industrial Training 1 1 50 50
2 ES Economics for
Engineers 2 2 50 50
3 EE
Advanced
Switchgear and
Protection
4 2 6 100 25 50 175
4 Power Quality and
Harmonics 3 1 4 100 25 125
5 EE Computer Methods
in Power Systems 4 2 6 100 25 25 150
6 EE Elective I 4 4 100 100
7 EE Seminar 2 2 50 50
8 EE Project Phase I 4 4 50 50 100
15 4 10 29 450 225 125 800
Semester VIII
Sr.
No
Catego
ry Course Title L T P
Contact
Hours
Marks
Theory T W POE Total
1 ES Law for Engineers 2 2 50 50
Page 2
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 2
2 EE HVDC Systems 4 2 6 100 50 150
3 EE EHVAC 4 4 100 100
4 EE
Electrical
Generation and
Utilization
4 2 6 100 50 150
5 EE Elective II 4 2 6 100 50 150
6 EE Project Phase II 6 6 100 100 200
18 2 10 30 450 200 150 800
Elective I
1. FACTS
2. Signal Processing For Electrical Engineering
3. Industrial Automation and SCADA
4. Restructured Power Systems
Elective II
1. Embedded Systems
2. High Voltage Engineering
3. Advanced Relaying
4. Electrical maintenance and electrical energy audit.
Page 3
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 3
B.E. Electrical Engineering (Semester – VII)
Sr.
No Course Title L T P
Contact
Hours
Marks Course
Code
Page
No Theory T W POE Total
1 Industrial
Training 1 1 50 50 ELE401 00
2 Economics
for Engineers 2 2 50 50 ELE402 00
3
Advanced
Switchgear
and
Protection
4 2 6 100 25 50 175 ELE403 03
4
Power
Quality and
Harmonics
3 1 4 100 25 125 ELE404 09
5
Computer
Methods in
Power
Systems
4 2 6 100 25 25 150 ELE405 18
6 Elective I
(FACTS) 4 4 100 100 ELE406 28
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BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 4
Course code ELE 403 Course Name Advanced Switchgear & Protection
Examination
Scheme
Theory Term Work POE Total
Max. Marks 100 25 50 175
Contact
Hours/ week
4 -- -- 4
Prepared by Mr.I.D.Pharne Date 17/10/2016
Prerequisites Student should have good knowledge of power systems and basic electrical
engineering
Course Outcomes
At the end of the course the students should be able to:
C0403.1 Describe1 the different types Circuit Breakers, fuse ,characteristics, terms,
phenomenon of circuit
C0403.2 Remember1 the types of Relays
C0403.3 Analyze4 the types of Over current Protection.
C0403.4 Evaluate5 the types of Differential Relays
C0403.5 Select4 the types Transformer protection
C0403.6 State1 the types of Generator protection
Mapping of COs with POs
POs COs
a b c d e f g h i j k
C0403.1 2
C0403.2 2
C0403.3 2
C0403.4 1
C0403.5 3
C0403.6 3
Course Contents
Chapter
No
Title: ADVANCED SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION
1
Circuit Breakers: a)Voltage -current characteristics of arc, Principles of DC and AC
arc interruption, high resistance and current zero interruption, arc voltage, Transient
Restriking Voltage (TRV), Recovery voltage, RRRV, current chopping, resistance
switching, capacitive current interruption. b) Classification of circuit breakers, brief study of construction and working of bulk oil and minimum oil CB, Air break and Air Blast CB, SF6 and Vacuum CB, HVDC breakers, ratings of CB and testing of CB
Page 5
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 5
c) Fuse: Rewirable and HRSC fuse, fuse characteristics, application and selection of fuse.
2
Relays: Selectivity, sensitivity, reliability and speed of operation of a relay, CT burden
calculation, attracted armature, balanced beam, moving coil relays, theory and
construction of induction disc and induction cup relays, numerical relays,
microprocessor based relaying. (6Hrs)
3
Over current Protection : Plug setting, time setting, radial feeder and ring mains protection, earth fault and phase fault, Directional relay, and microprocessor based o/c
relay. .
4
Differential Relays: circulating current and opposed voltage principles, percentage
differential relay, line protection, carrier aided protection scheme
5
Transformer protection: Problems associated with percentage differential protection,
harmonic restraint and harmonic blocking schemes, restricted earth fault protection,
Buchholz relay for incipient faults
6
Generator protection: stator earth fault, phase fault, stator current unbalance (NPS) protection, Rotor overheating, earth fault protection, excitation failure and protection against motoring, generator-transformer unit protection. Distance protection: Impedance, reactance and admittance characteristics, relay settings for 3-zone protection, out of step blocking scheme, blinder relay, numerical relays for transmission line protection, microprocessor based impedance, reactance and mho relays.
Over voltage Protection: Causes of over voltages, surge arrestors and absorbers, metal oxide (ZnO) arrestors, insulation co-ordination in a power system.
Reference Books:
1. Switchgear and Protection: Sunil.S. Rao, Khanna Publications
2. Power System Protection and Switchgear: B.Ram and B.N. Vishwakarma 3. Fundamentals of Power System Protection : Y. G. Paithankar , S. R. Bhide
4. Switchgear and Protection: M.V. Deshpande 5. Digital Protection: L.P.Singh
Evaluation Scheme
Section Chapter Instructions
I
1
Q.No.-1, Q.No.-2,
Q.No.-3
mixing 1,2,3unit
Solve any two of three 2
3
II
4 Q.No.-2, Q.No.-3,
Q.No.-4
mixing 2,3,4 unit
Solve any two of three 5
6
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BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 6
Course utilization
Section Chapter Teaching Hrs No of Questions in
CAT I & CAT II
1
1
Circuit Breakers
16
CAT I
Q.1 and Q.2 are compulsory
2
Relays 06
3
Over current
Protection 04
2
4 Differential Relays 04
CAT II
Q.1 and Q.2 are
compulsory
5 Transformer protection 04
6 Generator protection 12
Unit wise Lesson Plan
Section I
Unit
No
1 Unit Title Circuit Breakers Planned
Hrs.
16
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction regarding subject.
2 Voltage -current characteristics of arc, arc voltage
3 Principles of DC and AC arc interruption, high resistance and current zero interruption
4 Transient Restriking Voltage (TRV), Recovery voltage, RRRV.
5 Current chopping, resistance switching.
6 Capacitive current interruption.
7 Classification of circuit breakers, brief study of construction and working of bulk oil
8 Minimum oil CB, Air break and Air Blast CB
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BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 7
9 SF6 and Vacuum CB
10 HVDC breakers
11 Ratings of CB
12 Testing of CB
13 Rewirable and HRSC fuse
14 fuse characteristics
15 Application of fuse.
16 Selection of fuse.
Review Questions
Q1 Explain MOCB, ABCB. Principles of DC and AC arc interruption. C0403.1
Q2 Explain Rewirable and HRSC fuse. Application and selection of fuse. C0403.1
Unit
No
2 Unit Title Relays Planned
Hrs.
06
Lesson schedule
Class No.
Details to be covered
1 Selectivity, sensitivity, reliability.
2 Speed of operation of a relay, CT burden calculation.
3 Attracted armature, balanced beam, moving coil relays
4 Theory and construction of induction disc and induction cup relays
5 Numerical relays
6 Microprocessor based relaying.
Review Questions
Q1 Explain the term Selectivity, sensitivity, reliability C0403.2
Q2 Explain the construction of induction disc and induction cup relays C0403.2
Unit
No
3 Unit Title Over current Protection Planned
Hrs.
04
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Plug setting, time setting
2 Radial feeder and ring mains protection.
3 Earth fault and phase fault, Directional relay.
4 Microprocessor based o/c relay.
Review Questions
Q1 Describe Plug setting, time setting . C0403.3
Q2 Explain Microprocessor based o/c relay C0403.3
Section II
Unit
No
4 Unit Title Differential Relays Planned
Hrs.
04
Lesson schedule
Page 8
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 8
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Circulating current and opposed voltage principles.
2 Percentage differential relay.
3 Line protection.
4 Carrier aided protection scheme.
Review Questions
1 Explain Circulating current and opposed voltage principles. C0403.4
2 Explain Carrier aided protection scheme. C0403.4
Unit No
5 Unit Title Transformer protection Planned Hrs.
04
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Problems associated with percentage differential protection.
2 Harmonic restraint and harmonic blocking schemes
3 Restricted earth fault protection
4 Buchholz relay for incipient faults.
Review Questions
1 Explain Harmonic restraint and harmonic blocking schemes. C0403.5
2 Explain Buchholz relay for incipient faults. C0403.5
Unit
No
6 Unit Title Generator protection Planned
Hrs.
12
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Stator earth fault, phase fault, stator current unbalance (NPS) protection.
2 Rotor overheating, earth fault protection.
3 Excitation failure and protection against motoring.
4 Generator-transformer unit protection.
5 Impedance, reactance and admittance characteristics
6 Relay settings for 3-zone protection 7 Out of step blocking scheme, blinder relay
8 Numerical relays for transmission line protection
9 Microprocessor based impedance, reactance and mho relays.
10 Causes of over voltages
11 Surge arrestors and absorbers
12 Metal oxide (zno) arrestors
Review Questions
1 Explain Stator earth fault, phase fault, stator current unbalance (NPS)
protection.
C0403.6
2 Explain Insulation co-ordination in a power system. C0403.6
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BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 9
Course code ELE 404 Course Name Power Quality and Harmonics
Prepared by M.A.Tahasildar Date 18/10/2016
Prerequisites This course requires the student to know about the basic concepts of power
system
Course Outcomes
At the end of the course the students should be able to:
CO 404.1 To empathize
2 with importance of power quality in power system
CO 404.2 To evaluate5 Total Harmonic Distortion in Power System
CO 404.3 To design6 harmonic suppression filter
CO 404.4 To discover3Mitigation of Voltage Sag and interruptions.
CO 404.5 To discriminate 4 different Harmonic Measurement Techniques .
CO 404.6 To explicate2 need of Power Quality Monitoring.
Mapping of COs with POs
POs
Cos a b c d e f g h i j k
CO 404.1
2 1 3
CO 404.2 1
CO 404.3 1 2 3
CO 404.4 3 1 2 1 1
CO 404.5 2 3 1 1
CO 404.6 2 3
Course Contents
Unit No. Power Quality and Harmonics
No. of
Hours
Page 10
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 10
1.
Introduction to Power Quality: Desired feature of Electrical Power
Supply, Power Quality related issues in distribution systems, loads
and theirs characteristics, electromagnetic phenomena, voltage
sags/swells, waveform distortions, unbalance, flicker, notches,
unbalance and load balancing.
08
2.
Fundamental of Harmonics: causes for generation of harmonics, effect
of harmonic on systems, types and characterization of Harmonics,
THDs, influence on power factor, interference with communication
network and harmonic indices.
08
3.
Harmonics Suppression Filters: Shunt Passive Filters, Design
Considerations and case studies, Voltage / Current Source active
filters, types: shunt, series and Hybrid Filter, their characteristics and
comparison.
09
4.
Mitigation of Voltage Sag and interruptions: End user issues, UPS
systems, Ferro resonant Transformers, Super Conducting Storage
Devices, Dynamic Voltage Restorer and Application of DSTATCOM.
08
5.
Harmonic Measurement: Instrumentation techniques, Analog and
Digital Methods,presentation of Harmonic data and Interruption, case
studies, Harmonic Standard and future trends.
07
6
Power Quality Monitoring: Power Quality Analyzer, Acceptability of
Power Supply- tolerance envelops of CBEMA and ITIC, reliability
indices, typical wiring and grounding problems, grounding practices
and use of signal reference grid.
08
Reference Books:
Sr. No. Title of Book Author Publisher/Edition
1 Power System Quality Assessment
J. Arrillaga, N.R.
Watson, S. Chen
New York: Wiley,
1999
2 Electric Power Quality
G.T. Heydt
2nd Edition. (West
Lafayette, IN, Stars
in Circle
Publications).
Page 11
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 11
3. Power System Harmonics
Fundamentals, Analysis & filter
Design
George J. Wakileh Springer.
4 Understanding Power Quality
Problems: Voltage Sags and
Interruptions
M.H.J Bollen New York: IEEE
Press, 1999
5 Handbook on Power Quality
Angelo Baggini
John Wiley & Sons,
New Jersey, USA,
2008.
Textbook Books:
Sr. No. Title of Book Author Publisher/Edition
1
‘Electrical Power Systems
Quality’
Roger. C. Dugan, Mark. F.
McGranagham, Surya
Santoso, H.Wayne Beaty,
Tata McGraw
Hill Publishing
Co. Ltd., 2003
2
Power Quality in Distribution
Systems
Dr. Mahesh Kumar IIT Chennai
Press
3. Power Quality Enhancement
using Custom Power Devices.
A. Ghosh and G. Ledwich Boston, MA:
Kluwer, 2002.
Examination Scheme
Examination
Scheme
Theory Term Work POE Total
Max. Marks 100 25 0 125
Contact
Hours/ week
4 4
Scheme of Marks
Section Unit No. Title Marks
I 1
Introduction to Power Quality 16
2 Fundamental of Harmonics 18
Page 12
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 12
3 Harmonics Suppression Filters 16
II
4 Mitigation of Voltage Sag and interruptions 16
5 Harmonic Measurement 18
6 Power Quality Monitoring 16
Course Unitization
Section
Unit Course
Outcomes
No. of Questions in
No. Title CAT-I CAT-II
I
1 Introduction to Power
Quality CO 404.1
6
2 Fundamental of
Harmonics CO 404.2
3 Harmonics Suppression
Filters CO 404.3
II
4 Mitigation of Voltage Sag
and interruptions CO 404.4
6
5 Harmonic Measurement CO 404.5
6 Power Quality Monitoring CO 404.6
Unit wise Lesson Plan
Section I
Unit No
1 Unit Title Introduction to Power Quality Planned
Hrs.
8
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction to Need of Course.
2 Desired feature of Electrical Power Supply.
Page 13
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 13
3 Power Quality related issues in distribution systems.
4 Loads and theirs characteristics.
5 Electromagnetic phenomena.
6 Voltage sags/swells
7 Waveform distortions
8 Unbalance, flicker, notches, unbalance and load balancing.
Review Questions
Q1 Explain Need of Power Quality Analysis CO404.1
Q2 Power Quality related issues in distribution systems. CO404.1
Unit No
2 Unit Title Fundamental of Harmonics Planned
Hrs.
8
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Causes for generation of harmonics.
2 Effect of harmonic on systems.
3 Types and characterization of Harmonics.
4 Total Harmonic Distortion.
5 Influence on power factor.
6 Interference with communication network and harmonic indices.
7 Numerical
8 Numerical
Review Questions
Q1 Explain Causes for generation of harmonics. CO404.2
Q2 Explain Effect of harmonic on systems. CO404.2
Unit No 3 Unit Title Harmonics Suppression Filters Planned
Hrs.
9
Page 14
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 14
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Current Harmonics mitigation Technique.
2 Current Harmonics mitigation Technique with Shunt Passive Filters.
3 Design Considerations and case studies 1.
4 Design Considerations and case studies 2.
5 Voltage / Current Source active filters .
6 Shunt active Filter and their characteristics
7 Series active Filter and their characteristics
8 Hybrid Filter and their characteristics
9 Comparison of different types of Filter
Review Questions
Q1 Explain the Harmonic Mitigation Technique for Current Harmonics CO404.3
Q2 Explain Shunt Passive Filter and How it mitigate the Harmonics CO404.3
Q3 Design of Shunt Harmonic Filter CO404.3
Q4 Explain Series active Filter and their characteristics CO404.3
Q5 Explain Hybrid Filter and their characteristics CO404.3
Q6 State and Compare of different types of Filter CO404.3
Unit No 4 Unit Title Mitigation of Voltage Sag and
interruptions
Planned
Hrs.
08
Unit Outcomes
Lesson schedule
Class No.
Details to be covered
1 End user issues UPS System
2 Ferro resonant Transformers
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BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 15
3 Super Conducting Storage Devices
4 Dynamic Voltage Restorer basic principle
5 Dynamic Voltage Restorer control strategies
6 DSTATCOM
7 Application of DSTATCOM
8 Case Study
Review Questions
1 Explain End user issues UPS System CO404.4
2 Explain Super Conducting Storage Devices CO404.4
3 Explain basic principle Dynamic Voltage Restorer CO404.4
4 Describe DSTATCOM in detail CO404.4
5 Explain Application of DSTATCOM CO404.4
Unit No 5 Unit Title Harmonic Measurement Planned Hrs. 07
Lesson schedule
Class No.
Details to be covered
1 Instrumentation techniques for Harmonic Measurement.
2 Analog Method for Harmonic Measurement.
3 Digital Methods for Harmonic Measurement.
4 presentation of Harmonic data and Interruption,
5 case studies for presentation of power quality
6 Harmonic Measurement Standard
7 Future trends for harmonic measurement
Review Questions
1 Described Instrumentation techniques for Harmonic Measurement. CO404.5
Page 16
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 16
2 Explain Analog Method for Harmonic Measurement. CO404.5
3 Define Harmonic Measurement Standard CO404.5
Unit No 6 Unit Title Power Quality Monitoring Planned Hrs. 08
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Power Quality Analyzer
2 Acceptability of Power Supply- tolerance envelops of CBEMA
3 Acceptability of Power Supply- tolerance envelops of ITIC.
4 Reliability indices
5 typical wiring and grounding problems
6 grounding practices and
7 Use of signal reference grid.
8 Case Study
Review Questions
1 Explain Acceptability of Power Supply- tolerance envelops of
CBEMA.
CO404.6
2 Define typical wiring and grounding problems occur in power quality
monitoring
CO404.6
3 Explain Acceptability of Power Supply- tolerance envelops of ITIC,
CO404.6
Model Question Paper
Duration 3 Hours Marks:
100
Instructions:
1] Attempt any three questions from each section.
2] Figure to right indicates full marks.
Page 17
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 17
3] Assume necessary data if required.
Section-I Marks
1 A Explain Need of Power Quality Analysis 8
B Power Quality related issues in distribution systems. 8
2 A Explain Causes for generation of harmonics. 8
B Explain Effect of harmonic on systems. 8
3 A Design of Shunt Harmonic Filter 8
B Explain Series active Filter and their characteristics 8
4 A Explain the Harmonic Mitigation Technique for Current Harmonics 10
B State and Compare of different types of Filter
Section-II Marks
5 A
End user issues UPS System 8
B Explain basic principle Dynamic Voltage Restorer 8
6 A Explain Application of DSTATCOM 8
B Explain Super Conducting Storage Devices 8
7 A Described Instrumentation techniques for Harmonic Measurement. 8
B Define Harmonic Measurement Standard 8
8 A Explain Acceptability of Power Supply- tolerance envelops of CBEMA . 10
B Define typical wiring and grounding problems occur in power quality
monitoring
8
Page 18
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 18
Assignments
Assignment No. 1
CO404.1 & CO
404.2
Explain Need of Power Quality Analysis
Power Quality related issues in distribution systems.
Explain Causes for generation of harmonics.
CO404.1 & CO
404.2
Explain Effect of harmonic on systems.
Assignment No. 2
CO404.1 & CO
404.2CO404.3 &
CO 404.4
Explain the types of Harmonics
Design of Shunt Harmonic Filter
Explain Series active Filter and their characteristics
Explain the Harmonic Mitigation Technique for Current Harmonics
Assignment No. 3
CO404.1 & CO
404.3CO404.5
End user issues UPS System
Explain basic principle Dynamic Voltage Restorer
Explain Acceptability of Power Supply- tolerance envelops of CBEMA .
Explain Super Conducting Storage Devices
Course code ELE 405 Course Name Computer Methods in Power System
Prepared by PravinG. Dhawale Date 18/10/2016
Prerequisites It needs complete understanding of power system modeling, analysis and
various calculations and also broader understanding of optimization method
and solving differential equations are necessary.
Course Outcomes
At the end of the course the students should be able to:
CO 405.1 Understand2 presents a comprehensive coverage of graph theory.
Page 19
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 19
CO 405.2 Apply3 the students in getting basic idea of different computer methods in
power systems
CO 405.3 Investigate5 different Computer Solution Methods Using the Admittance Matrix
CO 405.4 Evaluate5 Computer techniques for Power flow analysis and numerical techniques
to solve load flow problems.
CO 405.5 Understand2 different Simultaneous Faults
CO 405.6 Analyze4 Simplifications using Two Component Method
Mapping of COs with POs
POs
Cos a b c d e f g h i j k
CO 405.1
2
CO 405.2 1
CO 405.3 3
CO 405.4 2
CO 405.5 1
CO 405.6 3
Course Contents
Unit
No. Computer Methods in Power Systems
No. of
Hours
1. Unit 1:-Network Topology: Introduction, Basic Principles in Power
System Analysis, Elementary Graph Theory, Incidence Matrices,
Connectivity, Primitive Network, Singular Transformation, Non-singular
Transformation, Numerical Treatment Expected
8
Page 20
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 20
2. Unit 2:-Computer Solution Methods Using the Admittance Matrix:
Introduction, Formation of YBUS by inspection- Modeling of
transmission lines, Modeling of transformer, Modeling of shunt
elements, Modeling of loads, Modeling of generator internal impedance,
Step by Step Algorithm for Formation of YBUS, Numerical treatment
expected
6
3. Unit 3:-Computer Solution Methods Using the Impedance Matrix:
Impedance matrix in shunt fault computations, impedance matrix
algorithm, adding a radial impedance to the reference node, adding a
radial branch to a new node, closing a loop to the reference, closing a
loop not involving the reference, adding a mutually coupled radial
element, adding a group of mutually coupled lines, comparison of
admittance and impedance matrix techniques, Numerical.
8
4. Computer techniques for Power flow analysis: Introduction, Impact of computers, orientation of engineering problems to computers, Power
Flow equation, Classification of buses, Operating constraints, Data for
load flow, Formulation of load flow problem, solution technique using
bus admittance matrix in the bus frame of reference, solution technique
using bus impedance matrix in the bus frame of reference, Numerical
expected to be solved up to first iteration.
8
5. Unit 5:-Simultaneous Faults: Simultaneous Faults by Two-Port
Network Theory- Two port networks, interconnection of two port
networks, simultaneous fault connection of sequence networks, series-
series connection (Z-type faults), Parallel -parallel connection (Y-type
faults), series-parallel connection (H-type faults), Simultaneous faults by
matrix transformations- constraint matrix for Z-type faults, constraint
matrix for Y-type and H-type faults, Numerical treatment expected
10
6 Unit 6:-Analytical Simplifications Two Component Method: Shunt
Faults- SLG Fault, LL Fault, DLG Fault, Three phase fault, Shunt
Faults- 2LO Fault, 1LO Fault, Change in symmetry with two component
calculations- phase shifting transformer relations, SLG faults with
arbitrary symmetry, DLG faults with arbitrary symmetry, series faults
with arbitrary symmetry.
08
Reference Books:
Sr.
No.
Title of Book Author Publisher/Edition
Page 21
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 21
1 Analysis of Faulted Power System P.M. Anderson
IEEE Press Power
Systems
Engineering Series
2 Power System Analysis Grainger, J.J. and Stevenson
W. D. Tata
McGraw-Hill
Edition
3. Computer methods in Power System Stagg G.W. & E.L. Abiad Tata Mc GRAW
4 Computer Techniques and Models in
Power Systems 2nd
Edition, 2014
K. Uma Rao
I.K.
International
Publishing
House Pvt Ltd
5 Introduction to Matrices & Power System R.Bruce Shipley
6 Advanced Power System Analysis &
Dynamics L.P. Singh
New Age
International
Publishers, Fifth
Edition
7 Circuits Analysis of A,C. power system
VOL-II Edith Clarke
Examination Scheme
Examination
Scheme
Theory Term Work POE Total
Max. Marks 100 25 25 150
Contact
Hours/ week
4 2 6
Scheme of Marks
Section Unit No. Title Marks
I 1 Network Topology 18
Page 22
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 22
I 2 Computer Solution Methods Using the Admittance Matrix 14
I 3 Computer Solution Methods Using the Impedance Matrix 18
II 4 Computer techniques for Power flow analysis 16
II 5 Simultaneous Faults 18
II 6 Analytical Simplifications 16
Course Unitization
Section
Unit Course
Outcomes
No. of Questions in
No. Title CAT-I CAT-II
I
1 Network Topology CO 405.1
6
2 Computer Solution Methods
Using the Admittance Matrix CO 405.2
3 Computer Solution Methods
Using the Impedance Matrix
CO 405.3
II
4 Computer techniques for
Power flow analysis
CO 405.4
6
5 Simultaneous Faults CO 405.5
6 Analytical Simplifications CO 405.6
Unit wise Lesson Plan
Section I
Unit No
1 Unit Title Network Topology Planned
Hrs.
8
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction to Basic Principles in Power System Analysis.
Page 23
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 23
2 Introduction to Elementary Graph Theory
3 Incidence Matrices, Connectivity, Primitive Network
4 Singular Transformation
5 Singular Transformation
6 Non-singular Transformation
7 Non-singular Transformation
8 Numerical expected.
Review Questions
Q1 1. Explain Incidence Matrices and Primitive network CO405.1
Q2 2. Explain singular and non-singular transformation. CO405.1
Q3 3. Define the following terms with sui table examples
i.)Tree ii.) Branch iii.) Sub-graphiv.) Cut-set
Unit No
2 Unit Title Computer Solution Methods Using the
Admittance Matrix
Planned
Hrs.
6
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction to topic.
2 Formation of YBUS by inspection- Modeling of transmission lines
3 Modeling of transformer, Modeling of shunt elements
4 Modeling of loads, Modeling of generator internal impedance
5 Step by Step Algorithm for Formation of YBUS
6 Numerical treatment
Review Questions
Q1 Explain step by step Algorithm for Formation of YBUS CO405.2
Q2 Explain modelling of transformer. CO405.2
Unit No 3 Unit Title Computer Solution Methods Using the
Impedance Matrix
Planned
Hrs.
8
Page 24
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 24
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction to Impedance matrix in shunt fault computations
2 Impedance matrix algorithm, adding a radial impedance to the reference node
3 Adding a radial branch to a new node, closing a loop to the reference
4 Closing a loop not involving the reference, adding a mutually coupled radial element
5 Adding a group of mutually coupled lines
6 Comparison of admittance and impedance matrix techniques
7 Numerical treatment expected
8 Numerical expected.
Review Questions
Q1 Compare admittance and impedance matrix techniques CO405.3
Q2 Explain impedance matrix in shunt fault computations CO405.3
Q3 Explain adding a radial branch to a new node CO405.3
Unit No 4 Unit Title Computer solution methods using
Admittance and Impedance matrices
Planned
Hrs.
10
Unit Outcomes
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction to Computer techniques for Power flow analysis
2 Impact of computers, orientation of engineering problems to computers
3 Power Flow equation, Classification of buses
4 Operating constraints, Data for load flow
5 Formulation of load flow problem, solution technique using bus admittance matrix in
the bus frame of reference
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BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 25
6 solution technique using bus impedance matrix in the bus frame of reference
7 Numericals expected to be solved up to first iteration.
8 Numericals expected to be solved up to first iteration.
Review Questions
1 Explain the impact of computers in power flow analysis CO405.4
2 Explain orientation of engineering problems to computers CO405.4
3 Explain the formulation of problem CO405.4
4 Explain solution technique using bus admittance matrix in the bus frame
of reference.
CO405.4
Unit No 5 Unit Title Simultaneous Faults Planned Hrs. 10
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Simultaneous Faults by Two-Port Network Theory- Two port networks
2 interconnection of two port networks
3 simultaneous fault connection of sequence networks
4 series-series connection (Z-type faults)
5 Parallel -parallel connection (Y-type faults)
6. series-parallel connection (H-type faults)
7 Simultaneous faults by matrix transformations- constraint matrix for Z-type faults
8 constraint matrix for Y-type
9 constraint matrix for H-type faults
10. Numerical expected
Review Questions
1 Explain Simultaneous Faults by Two-Port Network Theory- Two port
networks
CO405.5
Page 26
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 26
2 Explain series-series connection (Z-type faults) CO405.5
3 Explain Parallel -parallel connection (Y-type faults) CO405.5
4 Explain Simultaneous faults by matrix transformations- constraint
matrix for Z-type faults
CO405.5
Unit No 6 Unit Title Analytical Simplifications Planned Hrs. 08
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Two Component Method-Shunt Faults- SLG Fault
2 LL Fault, DLG Fault
3 Three phase fault, Shunt Faults- 2LO Faults, 1LO Fault,
4 Change in symmetry with two component calculations- phase shifting transformer
relations
5 SLG faults with arbitrary symmetry
6 DLG faults with arbitrary symmetry
7 Series faults with arbitrary symmetry.
8 Series faults with arbitrary symmetry.
Review Questions
1 Explain Two Component Method-Shunt Faults- SLG Fault CO405.6
2 Explain Three phase fault, Shunt Faults- 2LO Faults, 1LO Fault. CO405.6
3 Explain SLG faults with arbitrary symmetry. CO405.6
Model Question Paper
Course Title : Computer Methods In Power System
Duration 3 Hours Marks:
100
Instructions:
1] Attempt any three questions from each section.
2] Figure to right indicates full marks.
Page 27
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 27
3] Assume necessary data if required.
Section-I Marks
1 A Explain the formation of YBUS by singular transformation. 8
B Explain Incidence Matrices and Primitive network 8
2 A Explain the formation of network matrices by nonsingular
transformations
8
B Define i) loop ii) Tree iii) cut-set iv) sub-graph 8
3 A Explain step by step Algorithm for Formation of YBUS 8
B Explain the modeling of transformer 8
4 A What is mean impedance matrix in shunt fault computations 10
Section-II Marks
5 A Explain the impact of computer techniques for power flow analysis. 8
B Explain orientation of engineering problems to computer 8
6 A Explain the formulation of load flow problem. 8
B Prove the five properties of the indefinite admittance matrix. 8
7 A Explain simultaneous Faults by Two-Port Network therory 8
B Explain interconnection of two port networks 8
8 A Explain series-series connection ( Z-type faults) 10
B Explain two component method in case of SLG fault, DLG fault. 8
Assignments
Assignment No. 1
CO405.1 &CO 405.2
Explain Incidence Matrices and Primitive network
Define the following terms with sui table examples
i.)Tree ii.) Branch iii.) Sub-graph iv.) Cut-set
Page 28
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 28
Explain step by step Algorithm for Formation of YBUS
CO405.1 &CO 405.2 Derive the expression for Bus admittance and
impedance matrices by singular transformation
Assignment No. 2
CO405.1 &CO 405.2 CO405.3&CO
405.4
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of finding
Ybusby i.) Singular transformation using graph theory.
Derive the relationship between bus admittance matrix,
bus incidence matrix and primitive admittance matrix.
Explain modeling of transformer, transmission line,
loads and generators for a load flow study. And derive
general load flow equations.
Assignment No. 3
CO405.1 &CO 405.3 CO405.5
CO405.1 & CO 405.3 CO405.5
How do you classify the buses in power system and
what is its necessity
A LL-G fault occurs at the terminals of an unloaded
generator. Derive the expression for the fault currents.
Draw the connection of sequence network.
A synchronous motor is receiving 60MW at 0.8pf lag at
6KV. A LG fault occurs at the midpoint F of the
transmission line through a fault impedance of 0.05ohm
as shown. Determine the fault current. Choose base
values of 100MVA and 11KV on generator circuit.
Derive an expression for fault current for LLG fault by
symmetrical components method.
Derive the expression for the fault current in terms of
the sequence impedances and hence obtain the
connection diagram of the sequence networks for a LL
fault through the fault impedance at the terminals of star
connected alternator.
Develop the sequence network for a double line to
ground (LLG) fault.
Derive the expression for fault current in single line to
ground fault on unloaded generator. Draw an equivalent
network showing the inter connection of networks to
simulate single line to ground fault
Page 29
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 29
Course Code ELE 406 Course Name FACTS
Prepared by Sandeep S Mudakannavar Date 18/10/2016
Prerequisites Power System Analysis, Power System Stability
Course Outcomes
CO406.1 Acquire2 the knowledge on flexible AC Transmission System, various FACTS
controllers operation and its importance for FACTS controllers.
CO406.2 Evaluate5 dynamic behavior of large interconnected networks
CO406.3 Analyze4 Optimizing networks with FACT devices
CO406.4 Design6 Compensators within realistic constraints
CO406.5 Identify4and solves3 real network problems with FACTS controllers
Mapping of COs with POs
POs
COs a b c d e f g h i j k l
CO406.1 2
CO406.2 2
CO406.3 1
CO406.4 2
CO406.5 3
Course Contents
Unit No. Title No. of
Hours
Section I
1. Introduction to FACTS: Introduction of the facts devices and its
importance in Transmission Network. Introduction to basic types of
facts controller, comparison of HVDC and facts.
6
2. STATIC SHUNT COMPENSATORS : SVC AND STATCOM
objectives of the shunt compensation ,method of controller VAR
generator , transfer function dynamics performance of SVC and STATCOM, VAR reserve control ,comparison between STATCOM
AND svc STATIC VAR system
9
3. STATIC SERIES COMPENSATORS: GCSC ,TSSC , TCSC AND
SSSC objectives of the series compensation , series capacitive
compensation , power oscillation damping , variable Impedance type
series compensation switching converter type series compensators
chrematistics of series compensator
9
4. STATIC VOLTAGE AND PHASE ANGLE REGULATION TCVR 6
Page 30
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 30
and TCPAR:Objective of voltage and phase angle regulators, Thyristor
controlled voltage and phase angle regulator, switching converter based
voltage and phase angle regulators
5. COMBINED COMPENSATOR: UPFC and IPFC UPFC - Basic
principle and reactive power control structure basic control system for P
& Q control, comparison of UPFC to series compensator and phase
angle regulations. IPFC-Basic operating principle characteristics, Control structure and applications.
5
Reference Books:
Sr. No. Title of Book Author Publisher/Edition Topics
1 Understanding FACTS –
Concepts and Technology of
Flexible AC Transmission
Systems
Narain G.
Hingorani and
Laszlo Gyugyi
IEEE Press
2001
1-5
2 Thyristor Based FACTS
Controller for Electrical
Transmission Systems
R. Mohan Mathur
and Rajiv K.
Varma,
Wiley
Interscience
Publications
2002
1-5
3. Flexible AC Transmission Narain G.
Hingorani
IEEE Spectrum
April 1993, 40-
45
1-2
Examination Scheme:
Examination
Scheme
Theory Term Work POE Total
Max. Marks 100 - - -
Contact
Hours/ week
4 --
Scheme of Marks
Unit No. Title Marks
1
Introduction to FACTS: Introduction of the facts devices and its
importance in Transmission Network. Introduction to basic
types of facts controller, comparison of HVDC and facts.
30
2
STATIC SHUNT COMPENSATORS : SVC AND STATCOM
objectives of the shunt compensation ,method of controller
VAR generator , transfer function dynamics performance of
30
Page 31
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 31
SVC and STATCOM, VAR reserve control ,comparison
between STATCOM AND svc STATIC VAR system
3
STATIC SERIES COMPENSATORS: GCSC ,TSSC , TCSC
AND SSSC objectives of the series compensation , series
capacitive compensation , power oscillation damping , variable
Impedance type series compensation switching converter type
series compensators chrematistics of series compensator
20
4
STATIC VOLTAGE AND PHASE ANGLE REGULATION
TCVR and TCPAR:Objective of voltage and phase angle
regulators, Thyristor controlled voltage and phase angle
regulator, switching converter based voltage and phase angle
regulators
18
5
COMBINED COMPENSATOR: UPFC and IPFC UPFC -
Basic principle and reactive power control structure basic
control system for P & Q control, comparison of UPFC to series
compensator and phase angle regulations. IPFC-Basic operating
principle characteristics, Control structure and applications.
30
Course Unitization
Unit No. of Questions in
No. Title CAT-I CAT-II
1
Introduction to FACTS: Introduction of the facts
devices and its importance in Transmission
Network. Introduction to basic types of facts
controller, comparison of HVDC and facts.
2
2
STATIC SHUNT COMPENSATORS : SVC AND
STATCOM objectives of the shunt compensation
,method of controller VAR generator , transfer
function dynamics performance of SVC and
STATCOM, VAR reserve control ,comparison
between STATCOM AND svc STATIC VAR
system
2
3
STATIC SERIES COMPENSATORS: GCSC
,TSSC , TCSC AND SSSC objectives of the series
compensation , series capacitive compensation ,
power oscillation damping , variable Impedance
type series compensation switching converter type
series compensators chrematistics of series
compensator
2
4 STATIC VOLTAGE AND PHASE ANGLE
REGULATION TCVR and TCPAR:Objective of
1
Page 32
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 32
voltage and phase angle regulators, Thyristor
controlled voltage and phase angle regulator,
switching converter based voltage and phase angle
regulators
5
COMBINED COMPENSATOR: UPFC and IPFC
UPFC - Basic principle and reactive power control
structure basic control system for P & Q control, comparison of UPFC to series compensator and
phase angle regulations. IPFC-Basic operating
principle characteristics, Control structure and
applications.
2
Unit wise Lesson Plan
Section I
Unit
No
1 Unit
Title
Introduction to FACTS Planned
Hrs.
6
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction to Subject
2 Introduction of the FACT devices
3 Importance FACT in transmission
4 Network Introduction to basic types of FACT controller
5 FACT controller
6 comparison of HVDC and FACT
Review Questions
Q1 Explain Importance of FACT Controller. CO406.1
Q2 What is loading of transmission line? Explain the limit of loading capability of transmission line?
CO406.2
Unit
No
2 Unit
Title
STATIC SHUNT COMPENSATORS Planned
Hrs.
9
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction to Shunt Compensator (SVC AND STATCOM)
2 objectives of the shunt Compensation
3 objectives of the shunt Compensation
4 Detail of Passive shunt Compensator (SVC)
5 Detail of active shunt Compensator (STATCOM )
6 COMBINED COMPENSATOR
Page 33
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 33
7 Transfer function dynamics performance of SVC.
8 Transfer function dynamics performance of STATCOM,
9 Comparison between STATCOM AND STATIC VAR system
Review Questions
Q1 Explain with neat vector diag. how the transient stability improves
with ideal midpoint compensator.
CO406.1
CO406.2
CO406.3
CO406.4
CO406.5
Q2 Explain How much Stability margin is increased when shunt
compensator used for transmission line.
CO406.1
CO406.2
CO406.3
CO406.4
CO406.5
Unit
No
3 Unit
Title
STATIC SERIES COMPENSATORS Planned
Hrs.
9
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction to STATIC SERIES COMPENSATORS
2 objectives of the series compensation
3 Detail Passive Series capacitive compensation, GCSC.
4 Detail Passive Series capacitive compensation TSSC.
5 Detail Passive Series capacitive compensation TCSC.
6 Transfer function dynamics performance of Variable impedance Convertor
7 Switching converter type series compensators SSSC
8 Transfer function dynamics performance of STATCOM
9 Comparison between Passive and Active Series Compensator
Review Questions
Q1 Explain in detail Functional internal control scheme for the SSSC
employing an indirectly controlled converter
CO406.1
CO406.2
CO406.3
CO406.4
CO406.5
Q2 Explain compensation to sub synchronous resonance by SSSC CO406.1 CO406.2
CO406.3
CO406.4
CO406.5
Unit
No
4 Unit
Title
STATIC VOLTAGE AND PHASE
ANGLE REGULATION TCVR and
TCPAR
Planned
Hrs.
6
Lesson schedule
Page 34
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 34
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction to STATIC VOLTAGE AND PHASE ANGLE REGULATION
2 Objective of voltage and phase angle regulators.
3 Objective of voltage and phase angle regulators.
4 Thyristor controlled voltage regulator
5 Thyristor controlled phase angle regulator
6 Switching converter based voltage and phase angle regulators
Review Questions
Q1 Explain Power Flow Control by Phase Angle Regulators CO406.1 CO406.2
CO406.3
CO406.4
CO406.5
Q2 Explain how Power Oscillation Damping with Phase
Angle Regulators
CO406.1
CO406.2
CO406.3
CO406.4
CO406.5
Unit
No
5 Unit
Title
COMBINED COMPENSATOR Planned
Hrs.
5
Lesson schedule
Class
No.
Details to be covered
1 Introduction To Combined Controller, Basic principle UPQC
2 Reactive power control structure basic control system for P & Q control.
3 comparison of UPFC to series compensator and phase angle regulations
4 IPFC-Basic operating principle Characteristics
5 Control structure and applications
Review Questions
Q1 Explain Basic operating principal of UPFC CO406.1
CO406.2
CO406.3
CO406.4
CO406.5
Q2 Explain Comparison of the UPFC to Series Compensators
and Phase Angle Regulators
CO406.1
CO406.2
CO406.3
CO406.4
CO406.5
Model Question Paper
Page 35
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 35
Course Title : FACTS
Duration: 3 Hrs. Max.
Marks
Instructions: 100
Question 1 & Question 4 is Compulsory
Solve any three question from each section
Assume suit table data if necessary
Section-I
Marks
1 a Give the importance use of FACT controller in power system, Give
Suitable example?
8
b What is loading of transmission line? Explain the limit of loading
capability of transmission line?
8
2 a Explain with neat vector diag. how the transient stability improve with
ideal midpoint compensator.
8
b Explain How much Stability margin is increased when shunt
compensator used for transmission line.
8
3 a Explain with neat vector diag. how the transient stability improves with ideal midpoint compensator.
8
b Explain Switching convertor type var generator with basic operating
principal &control approach.
8
4 a Explain in detail Functional internal control scheme for the SSSC
employing an indirectly controlled converter
10
b Explain compensation to sub synchronous resonance by Shunt
Compensation
8
Section-II
5 a Explain Power Flow Control by Phase Angle Regulators 8
b Explain how Power Oscillation Damping with Phase
Angle Regulators
8
6 a Explain Method for Transient Free Switching For Capacitor. 8
b Q-2. Draw loss vs VAR o/p Characteristic
i) STATCOM
ii) STATCOM+TSC
iii) TSC
iv) TSR+FC
8
7 a Explain Basic operating principal of UPFC 8
b Reactive power control structure basic control system for P & Q
control.
8
8 a Explain in detail Functional internal control scheme for the UPFC. 10
b Explain compensation to sub synchronous resonance 8
Page 36
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 36
Assignments
Assignment No. 1
Assignment Title Chapter 1,2 CO406.1
CO406.2
Batch I
Q1. Give the importance use of FACT controller in power system,Give
Suitable example?
Q-2 Explain with neat vector diag. how the transient stability improve with
ideal midpoint compensator.
Batch II
Q-1.Explain the working principal of TSC in shunt compensator
Q-2. compare HVDC and FACT technology based on following point
i) Long distance
ii) Submarine cable
iii) Underground
iv) Interconnection system
Batch III
Q-1 How the FACT controller is classified? Explain in brief.
Q-2.What is loading of transmission line? Explain the limit of loading
capability of transmission line
Batch IV
Q-1. Explain power flow controlled in HVDC Transmission line & Power
flow controlled using FACT controller distinguish both method with their
advantage and disadvantage.
Q-2.derive the power flow equation P= E1*E2/X sin(d)
Assignment No. 2
Assignment Title Chapter 2,3 CO 1-5
Batch I Q-1.State Requirement of good shunt Compensator. Q-2. Explain effect of use of shunt compensator on Receiving end voltage
Batch II
Q-1. Differentiate between TSC & TCR compensator based on operating
V-I area working condition, harmonic, switching transient and also draw
neat diag. of TSC-TCR.
Q-2. Explain Switching convertor type var generator with basic operating
principal &control approach.
Batch III
Q-. Compare STATCOM & SVC.
Q-2. Explain working combined convertor based TSC-TCR type VAR
generator & explain its VAR demand vs VAR o/p Characteristic?
Batch IV
Q-1. Explain Various Hybrid VAR generator & explain any one in detail.
Q-2. Explain working 3 phase 12 pulse Convertor used for generation of
reactive Power.
Assignment No. 3
Assignment Title CO 1-5
Page 37
BE Electrical (Semester-VII) Page 37
Batch I
Q-1. Compare TCR-FC & TCR-TSC based on following point.
i) Harmonic generation
ii) V-I & V-Q Characteristic
iii) Maximum theoretical delay
iv) Losses vs VAR o/p
Q-2. Explain how the stability margin increased when shunt compensator
used for transmission line.
Batch II
Q-1.explain reactive power generated using convertor. Q-2. Draw loss vs VAR o/p Characteristic
v) STATCOM
vi) STATCOM+TSC
vii) TSC
viii) TSR+FC
Batch III
Q-1 Explain two m/c system with ideal reactive power component used to
maintain constant transmission voltage.
Q-2 Explain direct voltage control method used in shunt compensator
Batch IV
Q-1. Explain Functional Control Scheme for FC-TCR type static VAR
Generator.
Q-2. Explain Method for Transient Free Switching For Capacitor.