Shipbreaking Module 4: Heavy Equipment & Material Movement 4.1 Hoisting, Emergency, Inspect Susan Harwood Grant Number SH-17820-08-60-F-23.

Shipbreaking

Module 4: Heavy Equipment & Material Movement

4.1 Hoisting, Emergency, InspectSusan Harwood Grant Number SH-17820-08-60-F-

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Disclaimer

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This material was produced under grant number SH-17820-08-60-F-23 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or polices of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Objectives

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Describe hoist and gear operations Identify the inspection protocols List the types of equipment usedExplain hoisting seriesList emergency type situations

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Hoist and Gear Operations

Cranes and heavy material moving equipment are extremely important to the operations of ship breaking.

6Figure 1 Crane hoisting line and vessels rigging

Without it shipbreaking would be extremely labor intensive and unsafe.

7Figure 2 Hoisting sectional to shore via crane

But with the usage of the equipment comes safety concerns that can result in injury and death.

8Figure 3 Exploration rig on barge awaiting to be dismantled

There are many components that go into hoisting operations which increases the chances for systems to fail.

9Figure 4 Crane along side of slip hoisting

Before the hoist takes place check to ensure proper rigging and that the rigging is laid out safely.

10Figure 5 Rigging properly laid out and trimmed evenly

The loads should never be moved over personnel.

11Figure 6 20 ton Steel coils being off loaded

The supervisor, on the vessel, is initially in charge of the hoist and gives the crane operator the only crane signals.

12Figure 7 Supervisor monitoring final cut before hoisting section

As the load is being put under tension keep clear of the rigging and material.

13Figure 8 Load clearing side of vessel

Common mistakes are inadequate rigging and placement.

14Figure 9 Workers securing rigging with gear

The connection of gear to the equipment is just as important as the load connection.

15Figure 10 Crane conducting hoist off superstructure

The crane operator does not generally have a clear view of operations that are ongoing on the deck of the vessel.

16Figure 11 Supervisor monitoring hoisting

Before the hoist, all personnel must be clear of the area and other equipment moved to a safe location.

17Figure 12 Worker removing the rigging after hoist

Personnel can be caught between the hoist and that is why the supervisor must be accountable for all personnel.

18Figure 13 Crane signalman giving directions to crane operator

During the hoist the on deck supervisor will monitor the hoist and give directions to the crane operator.

19Figure 14 Crane operator at the controls awaiting for directions

The only time personnel are allowed to approach the hoist is at the direction of the on deck supervisor.

20Figure 15 Crane moving into position for hoist

Shock loading the hoist is prohibited and dangerous to the load, equipment, and personnel in the area.

21Figure 16 Crane hoisting section slowly

The transfer point when the hoist is clear of the vessel is when the crane operator takes charge of the hoist.

22Figure 17 Crane moving section to bank

Workers are not allowed to ride the hoist at any time during the operations.

23Figure 18 Section being hoisted to yard

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Inspections

The hoisting gear must be inspected regularly and prior to each use.

25Figure 19 Double cranes along vessel

The inspection has to be completed during each shift change and frequent intervals during the operation.

26Figure 20 Hoist suspended awaiting to be placed in the yard

Defective hoisting gear must be immediately reported to the supervisor and removed from service until repaired or replaced.

27Figure 21 Close up view of chain and shackles

Verify the safe working load of the gear for operations that will take place during the shift.

28Figure 22 Safe working load stenciled on spreader bar

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Types of Equipment

Crawler cranes

30Figure 23 Crane

Crane shear

31Figure 24 Shear on bank

Crane magnet

32Figure 25 Magnet crane moving steel plates

Skid loader

33Figure 26 Skid loader moving materials on deck

Skid loader with hydraulic hammer

34Figure 27 Skid loader with concrete hammer

Wheeled forklift

35Figure 28 Forklift moving steel pieces

Crane with clam bucket

36Figure 29 Crane stacking processed steel

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Hoisting Series

Hoisting Series

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The following photos are various materials that are being hoisted from the vessel to shore.

Discuss the operations and view points of the evolution.

The angle shown is generally what you do not observe.

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Series # 1Crane Along channel of a Navy Vessel

40Figure 30 Double cranes along channel series #1

41Figure 31 Double Cranes along channel series #1

42Figure 32 Double Cranes along channel series #1

43Figure 33 Double Cranes along channel series #1

44Figure 34 Double Cranes along channel series #1

45Figure 35 Double Cranes along channel series #1

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Series # 2View from Vessel to Yard

47Figure 36 Side sectional from vessel to yard series #2

48Figure 37 Side sectional from vessel to yard series #2

49Figure 38 Side sectional from vessel to yard series #2

50Figure 39 Side sectional from vessel to yard series #2

51Figure 40 Side sectional from vessel to yard series #2

52Figure 41 Side sectional from vessel to yard series #2

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Emergency Situations

Overloading the crane and equipment is one of the most hazardous conditions.

54Figure 42 External derrick barge moved into place to hoist

The crane and or rigging can fail resulting in the load dropping and causing crane instability.

55Figure 43 Crane rigging inside cargo hold ready for hoist

Tipping results when the boom is extended beyond the limits and/or load weight exceeds equipment limitations.

56Figure 44 Crane hoisting sectional to yard

A crane tipping over can result in injury to the operator and loss of equipment.

57Figure 45 Crane swing section to yard

The supervisor should be fully alert for any conditions that would lead to tipping or overloading.

58Figure 46 Supervisor monitoring hoist as it clears the vessel

Gear failure happens when the load exceeds the safe limits or inspection failed to find defects.

59Figure 47 Supervisor giving crane signals to crane operator

During the initial hoist the material can snag or catch resulting in overloading or straining of the gear.

60Figure 48 Personnel clearing area as section being hoisted

Once the hoist separates from the snag it can cause a snap back of the gear causing it to swing wildly or upward rapidly.

61Figure 48 Front view of bridle on tension

Long reaches can have dramatic results in equipment and gear performance.

62Figure 49 Crane making pull from right side of vessel

The longer the reach the less weight that can be hoisted.

63Figure 50 Crane boom angle

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References

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OSHA eTool www.osha.gov

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Worker safety is a priority

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