Ship Efficiency by STG - stg-online.org · Hull Appendages & tech. mod. Consumers ... Aux. & exh. boiler Bow thruster Weather routing Voyage instructions ... 8 12 16 20 weeks

Rolf O. Jensen06 September 2009

Ship Efficiency by STG

Practical Approach to Energy Efficient Ship Operati on

© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.

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What successful companies do to become energy efficient operators

DNV’s experience from 20 projects


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DNV have extensive experience in assisting shipping companies with energy efficiency

� Leading management & technology consultancy to the maritime industry

� All levels of operation; from the engine to the board room

� Oslo, London, and Singapore

� 90 professionals worldwide

� Energy management projects with 20 different clients - All major segments

� First project in 2004

� Fuel costs most important motivation

� Improvement potential, 5 – 15%


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� Define KPI’s and manage energy efficiency performance� Invest in tools to measure performance

Measure

� Build culture and competence� Measure performance towards agreed targets

Follow through

� Identify improvement areas� Prioritise according impact and implementation difficulties

Prioritise

� Ensure ownership and commitment� Chase opportunities beyond technology� Involve whole organisation (ship and shore)

Holistic

� Develop plans and set goals� Commitment and continuous effort

Structured

DESCRIPTIONSUCCESS FACTORS

Pragmatism� Don’t seek perfection or overcomplicate things� Carry out pilot tests� Celebrate success and failures equally - Have fun

Key success factors to energy efficient operations


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Holistic: Energy Management requires cross departmental cooperation

Voyage Perf

Ship Performance

Main and aux engines

Consumers

Fuel Management

Management and org

Tech mgtProcurementCommercial / sales

Finance

Projects & NBOperation

CEO / BOD

Paradox - nobody is fully accountable for fuel consumption either on-board or on-shore

Voyage Perf


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Holistic: Energy management addressed at strategic, tactical and operational levels

Strategic

Tactical

Operational

� Company visions and goals

� Market trends, regulations and development

� Fleet characteristics, ship types and size

� Route layout and frequency

� Vessel deployment, size, speed

� Spot market vs. Time Charter

� Investment in new technology

� Revenue / cost optimisation

� Minimising specific fuel consumption

� Performance mgmt and acceptance criteria


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Holistic: All stakeholder groups involved to ensure commitment, teamwork and knowledge transfer

Knowledge transferCommitment

Teamwork


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Measure


Follow through


Prioritise


Holistic


Structured





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Prioritise: Many aspects influence energy efficiency, but where to start

Voyage Performance� Fleet planning, route and ship allocation

� Chartering/contracts

� Voyage planning

� Speed Management

� Weather routing & sea current

� Port/harbour operations

Ship Performance� Hull condition

� Propeller condition

� Autopilot & rudder

� Trim and draft

� Hull Appendages & tech. mod.

Consumers

� Cargo Operations

� Thruster operations

� Ventilation, HVAC, lights

� Insulation and energy losses

� Water productions

� Incinerating

Fuel Management

� Pre-bunkering

� During bunkering

� Post-bunkering

Management and organisation

� Strategy and tactical plans

� Performance Management

� Competence and training

� Culture and awareness

� Environment and CSR

� Life-cycle perspective

Main and AUX engines

� Main Engine efficiency

� Aux Engines efficiency & utilization

� Aux boilers efficiency and utilization


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Prioritise: The ship energy flow has to be assessed to identify the improvement areas for “ship as a system”


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Prioritise: Compare performance with established baselines or comparable ships in fleet

Onboard practices varies often from ship to ship leading to unnecessary high power consumption

Aux Eng average fuel consumption for three sister ships

6,0

8,0

10,0

12,0

14,0

01.10.2007 31.10.2007 30.11.2007 30.12.2007

Days

MT

/24h

rs

Example


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Prioritise: Improvement areas should be prioritised according to saving potential and effort required for implementation

Prioritisation of activities

Business case – Improvement potential

Pre-bunkering

Bunkering

Hull condition

Aux. & exh. boilerBow thruster

Weather routing

Voyage instructions

Autopilot

Trim and ballast conditions

Propeller condition Tank cleaning

Optimised engines

Sludge Management

Aux engines and equipmentBlending units

0

3

6

0 3 6Effort required

Fin

anci

al im

pact

HighLow

Hig

hLo

w


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Measure


Follow through


Prioritise


Holistic


Structured





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Further savings due to promotion of energy-efficient practices

Saving energy becomes company culture

Increasing energy costs

Decreasing energy costs by applying simple energy efficiency initiatives “Housekeeping”

Structured: Continuous effort are the only route to sustainable energy efficiency improvements

+5%

Time

Cost Baseline

-5%

-10%

-20%

Commitment to Energy mgmt Implementation

Investments

Further Investments


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Structured: Overall meta plan with expected time for savings realisation

244

Analysis

US$

Way forward plan

Phase 1Opportunity identification

Phase 2Solution development

Phase 3Implementation

Prop polish

Aux. Engine

Hull cond

SUSTAINABLE

OPERATIONS (way of life)

* KPI’s

* Measurement

* Reporting

* Job descriptions

* Procedures

Saving realisations

MUSD

NEW AREAS

* Culture & awareness

* Ship allocation

* Etc.Bunkering

Trim/draft

Speed mgmt

Engine Performance

1st round

2nd round

3rd round

8 12 16 20 weeks


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Measure


Follow through


Prioritise


Holistic


Structured





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Measure: Energy efficiency are typically defined as specific energy consumption

� Challenges with measuring energy efficiency: - Ships don’t have measuring equipments

- Many factors with large uncertainties influence efficiency- Difficult to isolate effects of all factors

� “Simplicity” is the approach to start measuring- Define Energy efficiency indicators that are linked to company value chain

(transport work)

- Start measuring performance where uncertainties are low- Build up confidence in data and performance

- Extend and include new efficiency indicators


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Measure: Energy efficiency requires measuring and analysis

Hull & Propeller Propulsion Efficiency Indicator

1,0E-03

1,5E-03

2,0E-03

2,5E-03

3,0E-03

3,5E-03

4,0E-03

19.12.2006 08.01.2007 28.01.2007 17.02.2007 09.03.2007 29.03.2007 18.04.2007 08.05.2007

Date

(kn/

HP

hr)

Liberty Eagle Loaded Liberty Eagle Ballast

Main Engine assessment Test Date 31.12.2007 Result

Engine balance (compared to avereage) Yellow Red Value

Pmax Maximum combustion pressure 5 7 % 3,4 %Pcomp Compression pressure 4 5 % 5,1 %FPI Fuel Pump Indicator 5 10 % 3,2 %Texh Exhaus gas temperature 7 9 % 5,6 %

Engine efficiency (compared to new building sea trial)

Pmax Corrected comb. press. drop compared to engine ref. 5 10 % 20,4 %Pcomp Corrected compression pressure drop compred to engine ref. 5 15 % 13,8 %Texh Corrected exhaust gas temp. increase compared to engine ref. 10 15 % 13,8 %∆TTC Turbo charger differential temp decrease compared to ref. 15 20 % 26,7 %

Engine thermal load - MCR achivable 100 % 100 %∆Pscav 280 mm 120

Engine overloada_Pmax Angle of maximum pressure less than 11,5 or greater than 16° 11,5 16 deg 0,0Pignition Max pressure rise more than manufacturer's recommendation 30 bar 21

Fuel oil consumption (compared to NB sea trial)

t/d FO consumption increase to refence per day @ NCR [+4,31 (t/d)] 0 0 % 3,8 %

Warning levels

Scavenging air cooler air side fouling (mm H2O)

Hull & propeller

Overall fleet performance Vessel speed mgt

Engine performance

Investment in measuring equipment and business intelligence system is necessaryto have reliable data and efficient performance analysis


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Measure


Follow through


Prioritise


Holistic


Structured





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Be Pragmatic: Don’t seek perfection or overcomplicate things

� Don’t let imperfections and hurdles stop you

� Pilot tests unfinished solutions

� Use learning from pilots into permanent future solutions

Celebrate success and failures equally – Have fun


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Measure


Follow through


Prioritise


Holistic


Structured





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Follow through: Energy efficiency is common knowledge today – most companies have a long track record

Develop KPI structure for monitoring of vessel performance

Establish database for vessel performance data

Improve seafarer knowledge and competence to reduce fuel consumption

Create procedures for optimal settings for trim and ballast

Create procedures for optimal vessel speed in voyage planning

Determine optimal antifouling system to be used

Determine optimal hull cleaning programme

Determine optimal propeller cleaning programme

Implement Weather routing reporting on all vessels

Include more time in voyage planning to allow for speed reduction

Create procedures for engine, hull and propeller monitoring

Ensure fully functional sensors and equipment for engine performance monitoring

Install system for engine performance monitoring

Optimisation of cylinder oil consumption

Energy efficiency initiatives

2

Idea

Som

e an

alys

is

Hav

e te

sted

Pen

ding

im

plem

enta

tion

Ful

ly

impl

emen

ted

2

2

2

2

4

4

4

3

3

3

3

3

4

The real challenges occur when it comes to implementation and benefit tracking


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Follow through: People, processes and technology are key enablers to ensure energy efficient performance

People &CompetenceTools and

Technology

Processes &organisation

Enablers Performance

CO 2

NOX SOX

Promote incentives to reward desired behaviours and performance to speed up the implementation process


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Follow through: Measure progress against defined targets

Prioritisation of activities

Business case – Improvement potential

Pre-bunkering

Bunkering

Hull condition

Aux. & exh. boilerBow thruster

Weather routing

Voyage instructions

Autopilot

Trim and ballast conditions

Propeller condition Tank cleaning

Optimised engines

Sludge Management

Aux engines and equipmentBlending units

0

3

6

0 3 6Effort required

Fin

anci

al im

pact

HighLow

Hig

hLo

w

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

0 2 6 12 24 36Time to realisation [months]

[MU

SD

]

High Case

Low Case

Mid Case

Measure progress and follow up


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Measure


Follow through


Prioritise


Holistic


Structured





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Safeguarding life, property and the environment

www.dnv.com

Ship Efficiency by STG - stg-online.org · Hull Appendages & tech. mod. Consumers ... Aux. & exh. boiler Bow thruster Weather routing Voyage instructions ... 8 12 16 20 weeks

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