Sheryl Ozinsky - Sustainable Energy Update

Sheryl Ozinsky World Tourism Day

28 September 2012

Powering Sustainable Development

Recognizing the

importance of energy for

sustainable development,

the UN has designated

2012 as the International

Year of Sustainable Energy

for All

One and a half billion people in developing countries

are without electricity and even when energy

services are available, as in South Africa, millions of

poor people are unable to pay for them.

Thus, there is an inextricable link between energy

and sustainable development and modern, cleaner

and more efficient energy is relevant in the

eradication of poverty.

“Tourism and Sustainable Energy: Powering

Sustainable Development” is the theme of

this year’s World Tourism Day, selected to

advance the goals of the 2012 International

Year of Sustainable Energy for All.

Sustainable energy will allow tourism to

continue to expand while mitigating its impact

on the environment.

Many in the tourism industry have already

shown leadership in developing and

deploying clean energy solutions, cutting

energy consumption and carbon emissions in

some regions by up to 40 per cent through

initiatives such as the Hotel Energy Solutions

toolkit developed by the UN World Tourism

Organization and the UN Environment

Programme.”

Message by the UN Secretary-

General, Ban Ki-Moon

Improved quality of life for residents

More resilient and more

competitive city

Energy Smart Cape Town

Why be concerned about Tourism and

Climate Change?

• Tourism is a vector of climate change

accounts for approx 5% of global carbon

dioxide emissions.

• The transport sector, including air, car

and rail, generates the largest proportion,

with 75% of all emissions. Air travel is

considered the main tourism contributor to

global warming.

• The accommodation sector accounts for

approximately 20% of emissions from

tourism. This involves heating, air-

conditioning and the maintenance of bars,

restaurants, pools, etc.

• Activities such as museums, attractions,

events or shopping also contribute to

3.5% emissions.

Why be concerned about Tourism and

Climate Change?

• Tourists will quickly switch their

choice of destination when the

results of climate change impact on

their enjoyment.

• The tourism sector depends

heavily on a natural and cultural

heritage.

• Careful management of climate

related impacts would be

essential in order to safeguard

positive destination image in the

long term.

Tourism is at the forefront of some of the world’s

most innovative clean energy solutions

• Aviation industry is implementing cutting-edge technologies

to make aircraft lighter than ever before; commercial flights

are beginning to use biofuels in their fuel mix;

• Key card systems and energy saving light bulbs are

increasingly being implemented in hotel and guest house

rooms worldwide

• Tour operators are asking for energy efficiency throughout

their supply chains.

South Africa ranks in the top 20 for

greenhouse gas emissions,

contributing 8% to global emissions,

and is responsible for 42% of

emissions on the African continent

In Cape Town we face a triple challenge:

A high carbon footprint – per capita carbon emissions on par with London, New York and Beijing.

Poor energy security – highly dependent on electricity from coal power stations nearly 2000 km away.

Vulnerability to the impacts of climate change – a sprawling city dependent on private vehicles where the poor generally live far from opportunities.

3.43.6

4

4.8

6.186.4

6.97.1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1

São Paulo (2003)

Delhi (2000)

Rio de Janeiro (1998)

Barcelona (1996)

Mexico City (2000)

Stokholm (2005)

Tokyo (1998)

London (2006)

Cape Town (metro,

2004) Beijing (1998)

New York City (2005)

Cape Town Carbon Emissions in a Global Context

(per capita)

Cape Town

Source: Urban Areas Carbon and Climate Governance Patricia Romero Lankao

Electricity Consumption by Sector

Cape Town, 2007

Residential

43%

Commercial

40%

Transport

2%

Industrial

13%

Government

2%

Energy Security in CT

Low Carbon City

City that Fosters Economic

Development

Resilient City

Poverty Alleviation

Energy Efficiency

Renewable Energy

Public Transport

Compact City

Local Energy Business Development

Job Creation

Lower Risk

Localisation

Improved Health/Quality of Life

Better Access to Urban Goods

Goal 4 Criteria 10 Key

Objectives

Energy and Climate Action Plan (ECAP May 2010)

Energy and Climate

Action Plan (ECAP)

(May 2010)

Objective 1 City-Wide 10% Reduction in Electricity Consumption on Unconstrained Growth by

2012 (3.3%/annum 2010-2012)

Objective 2 10% Renewable and Cleaner Energy Supply by 2020; all growth in electricity

demand to be met by cleaner/renewable supply

Objective 3

Council Operations: 10% Reduction in Energy Consumption on Unconstrained

Growth by 2012 (3.3%/Annum 2010-2012); all growth in demand to be met by

cleaner / renewable supply

Objective 5 Sustainable transport system

Objective 6 Adapting to and building resilience to climate change impacts (city wide)

Objective 7 More resilient low income/vulnerable communities

Objective 8 Development of carbon sales potential of all projects

Objective 9 Local economic development in energy sector

Objective 10 Awareness: E&CC communications and education programmes

Overall Energy and Climate Change resources, research, development and monitoring

Objective 4 Compact resource efficient city development; reduce urban sprawl

Energy & Climate Action Plan: Objectives

Greenhouse Gas Emissions into the

Future: Business as Usual

Greenhouse gas emissions associated with the ‘Business as Usual’ energy growth is untenable given the national and international pressures to reduce carbon emissions.

Renewable electricity supply

What do we do?

Electricity efficiency

Transport efficiency

Optimum

Energy Future

Business as

usual

1

2

3

Optimum Energy Future interventions do not compromise

energy service delivery.

EFFICIENCY: ALMOST ALL ELECTRICITY

EFFICIENCY INTERVENTIONS ARE FINANCIALLY

SENSIBLE LEADING TO A MORE EFFICIENT ECONOMY

R 0

R 200 000 000

R 400 000 000

R 600 000 000

R 800 000 000

R 1 000 000 000

R 1 200 000 000

R 1 400 000 000

LI lighting LI fridge HI lighting HI fridge HI water COMHVAC

COMwater

COMlighting

LG lighting LG HVAC LG streetlights

LG trafficsignals

Cumulative net saving from electricity efficiency interventions up to 2025

The bars represent cumulative net savings (i.e. considering capital

costs and electricity savings) of electricity

efficiency interventions.

Low-income

residential

Commercial

Govt

Mid-hi income residential

TARIFF INCREASE PATH

Average c/kWh

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16

c/k

Wh

Sales Price

53% 90%

77%

Why should we be concerned about

climate change in Cape Town?

Within the next 25 years there is a

85% probability of 60,9 km2

(2% of metro area) being covered by

sea for a short period.

Sea-level rise could induce tourism

losses of R20 billion over 25 years.

“The sovereign risk of sea-level rise for the City of

Cape Town is significant and will increase in the

next 25 years regardless of reductions in

greenhouse gas”.

City sea-level rise risk study 2008

A CHANGING CLIMATE WILL HAVE

CONSIDERABLE IMPACTS ON TOURISM

The tourism sector is highly

climate sensitive as climate defines

the length and quality of tourism

seasons, affects tourism operations,

and influences environmental

conditions that both attract and deter

visitors.

Africa is one of the tourism regions

thought to be most at risk.

Climate change adaptation will

ensure that individuals, communities

and nations continue to receive the

benefits of tourism.

City’s 2008 adaptation study - potential storm event damage

and infrastructure at risk for 2.5, 4.5 and 6 meter rise in sea levels

The Davos Declaration on Climate Change and Tourism

An International Conference on Climate Change

and Tourism was held in Davos, Switzerland in 2007.

The Davos Declaration included firm recommendations

a clear commitment for action.

Four key areas were agreed upon:

Mitigate transport and accommodation emissions

Adapt tourism businesses and destinations

Apply existing and new efficient technologies

Secure financial resources to assist poorer

regions and countries.

South Africa has developed a White Paper on

Climate Change Response.

The Paper identifies tourism as a sector that

contributes to and will be affected by

Climate Change.

Recommends that tourism develop an

Action Plan to address the adaptation and

mitigation issues raised in the Paper.

A Tourism & Climate Change Task Team

comprising of government, business,

NGOs and academia was established in

December 2010 to assist with the

development of a National Tourism and

Climate Change Action Plan.

Tourism identified in Climate Change Response White Paper

Those who react astutely and nimbly to the

imperatives of the low-carbon transition will

prosper, while those who seek to hold back the

tides, or pretend that the tides aren’t even there,

will look back in sorrow.

Countries and cities that sink their treasure now

into a dirty coal infrastructure, high-carbon

production methods and development which is

not energy efficient are not only jeopardizing the

health of the planet, they are jeopardizing their

own economic future.

Adapted from Tod Stern US Climate Action Symposium March 2009.

Energy Efficiency

Renewable Energy

Behaviour Change

Energy Efficiency

Energy consumption monitoring

Energy audit of the hotel

Window insulation; Building Insulation

Installation of sun protectors

Key card systems to switch off electricity in guest rooms

Lighting controls

Energy saving light bulbs

Energy efficiency rating of electrical appliances

Motors with variable frequency controls in HVAC

Regulation of space heating and cooling

Thermal insulation of water systems, domestic hot water tanks and pipes

Efficient ventilation systems

Renewal Energy

Solar Domestic Hot Water systems

Heat Pumps

Solar photovoltaic electricity systems

Solar heated swimming pools

Small wind energy systems

Micro-hydropower energy systems

Behavior Change

• Staff

• Guests

Envelope: extended eaves, pergolas, screens and

covered outside decks provide cool respite from

the hot African sun.

Screen: shading from hot sun and shelter from

prevailing winds.

Natural light and ventilation: all spaces have

natural light and cross-ventilation.

Heating and cooking: closed combustion fireplace

and braai high efficiency and low emissions

Skin: planted roofs insulate and weather skin

keeps cool in summer and warm in winter.

City Sightseeing operate a fleet of super-low

emission buses that comply with all Euro

standards for environmental impact.

Reduce noise pollution as well as energy and

water consumption.

Commissioned Global Carbon Exchange

(GCX), to conduct a carbon audit to calculate

their carbon footprint under the guidelines set

out in the GHG Protocol.

City Sightseeing subsequently selected

Reliance - a commercial producer of high

quality composted products. Reliance has

adopted a composting methodology that

reduces the amount of methane released into

the atmosphere when compared to other

composting methods – thereby affording the

company carbon credits to sell.

“We urgently have to

reconsider and rethink the

way we are conducting

business in order to stop,

or ideally even reverse,

environmental damage and

degradation. City

Sightseeing is passionate

about Cape Town and

preserving this

environment for our future

generations. We will

continue to strive towards

greater sustainability and

responsible tourism.”

Claus Tworeck

ENERGY EFFICIENCY FORUM

for Commercial Buildings

4 meetings in the year

Marketplace in December for energy efficient goods/services

Rates bill insert

Public Awareness

Slide 56