SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping Slide 1 SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping.

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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping



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Structure of PresentationStructure of Presentation

Human rights and conflict

Definition of human rights

Legal basis for human rights

Examples of human rights

International humanitarian law

Human rights violations

Applying human rights in peace operations

“Scenario on the Use of Force and Firearms”

Human rights and conflict

Definition of human rights

Legal basis for human rights

Examples of human rights

International humanitarian law

Human rights violations

Applying human rights in peace operations

“Scenario on the Use of Force and Firearms”

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Protect host country population

Build confidence and defuse tensions

Prevent future conflicts

Increase the effectiveness of peace operations

Protect host country population

Build confidence and defuse tensions

Prevent future conflicts

Increase the effectiveness of peace operations

Protecting human rights and preventing violations is important toProtecting human rights and preventing violations is important to

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Are legal entitlements

Protect both individuals and groups

Uphold respect for human dignity

Are modern norms but an ancient principle

Are legal entitlements

Protect both individuals and groups

Uphold respect for human dignity

Are modern norms but an ancient principle

Human rightsHuman rights

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Universal

Internationally guaranteed

Legally protected

Protect individuals and groups

Cannot be taken away

Equal and indivisible

Oblige States and State actors

Universal

Internationally guaranteed

Legally protected

Protect individuals and groups

Cannot be taken away

Equal and indivisible

Oblige States and State actors

Human rights are:Human rights are:

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Promotion of and respect for human rights for all is a purpose of the Organization

Establishes legal obligations for Member States to take action to achieve respect for human rights

Promotion of and respect for human rights for all is a purpose of the Organization

Establishes legal obligations for Member States to take action to achieve respect for human rights

United Nations Charter (1945)United Nations Charter (1945)

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Treaties, conventions, covenants, declarationsTreaties, conventions, covenants, declarations

Define human rights

Specify obligations of States

Create mechanisms to implement and monitor

Define human rights

Specify obligations of States

Create mechanisms to implement and monitor

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International Bill of Human RightsInternational Bill of Human Rights

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

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Civil and political rights(right to life, liberty, equality before the law, freedom of thought and religion)

Economic, social and cultural rights (right to food, housing, education)

Civil and political rights(right to life, liberty, equality before the law, freedom of thought and religion)

Economic, social and cultural rights (right to food, housing, education)

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Human rights treaties onHuman rights treaties on

Elimination of racial discrimination

Elimination of discrimination against women

Prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

Rights of the child

Rights of migrant workers

Elimination of racial discrimination

Elimination of discrimination against women

Prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

Rights of the child

Rights of migrant workers

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Are obligated to protect human rights

Often party to specific human rights treaties and have accepted obligations

Peace agreements usually incorporate human rights obligations for the Parties

Are obligated to protect human rights

Often party to specific human rights treaties and have accepted obligations

Peace agreements usually incorporate human rights obligations for the Parties

Human rights and countries hosting peace operationsHuman rights and countries hosting peace operations

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Life

Freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

Not be held in slavery

Freedom of thought, conscience and religion

Life

Freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

Not be held in slavery

Freedom of thought, conscience and religion

The human right toThe human right to

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Fair trial

Freedom from arbitraryarrest, detention

Freedom of movement

Privacy

Fair trial

Freedom from arbitraryarrest, detention

Freedom of movement

Privacy


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Housing

Freedom of expression

Education

Peaceful assembly,association

Housing

Freedom of expression

Education

Peaceful assembly,association


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Specified in human rights treaties

Determined by law

Rights of others or the general public must be protected

Proportional to the objectives pursued

Specified in human rights treaties

Determined by law

Rights of others or the general public must be protected

Proportional to the objectives pursued

Some rights may be limited, but only whenSome rights may be limited, but only when

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DerogationsDerogations

Some rights may be derogated, temporarily suspended, under very strict and specific conditions, in situations of emergency

Some rights may be derogated, temporarily suspended, under very strict and specific conditions, in situations of emergency

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International humanitarian lawInternational humanitarian law

Regulates the conduct ofhostilities

Protects civilian population,victims of conflicts andnon-combatants

Regulates the conduct ofhostilities

Protects civilian population,victims of conflicts andnon-combatants

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International humanitarian lawInternational humanitarian law

Applies in all situations of armed conflict

Safeguards principles of humanity in all situations

Respects and protects non-combatants, wounded, sick, shipwrecked, prisoners and civilians

Applies in all situations of armed conflict

Safeguards principles of humanity in all situations

Respects and protects non-combatants, wounded, sick, shipwrecked, prisoners and civilians

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International humanitarian law, key principlesInternational humanitarian law, key principles

Assist and care for all persons suffering from the effects of conflict without discrimination

Ensure their access at all times to a protecting Power or an impartial humanitarian organization

Assist and care for all persons suffering from the effects of conflict without discrimination

Ensure their access at all times to a protecting Power or an impartial humanitarian organization

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Murder

Torture

Corporal punishment

Mutilation

Outrages on personal dignity

Hostage-taking

Collective punishment

Executions without regular trial

Cruel and degrading treatment

Murder

Torture

Corporal punishment

Mutilation

Outrages on personal dignity

Hostage-taking

Collective punishment

Executions without regular trial

Cruel and degrading treatment

Prohibited in all circumstances areProhibited in all circumstances are

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The wounded, sick and shipwrecked

Medical personnel and services

Prisoners of war

Civilians

Civilian and cultural objects

Natural environment

The wounded, sick and shipwrecked

Medical personnel and services

Prisoners of war

Civilians

Civilian and cultural objects

Natural environment

Prohibited in all circumstances are reprisals againstProhibited in all circumstances are reprisals against

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Summary executions

Torture

Arbitrary arrest, detention

Discrimination

Violence against women

Genocide

War crimes

Summary executions

Torture

Arbitrary arrest, detention

Discrimination

Violence against women

Genocide

War crimes

Human rights violationsHuman rights violations

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Crimes against humanityCrimes against humanity

Murder Extermination Enslavement Torture Deportation, forcible transfer

Rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution or sterilization, forced pregnancy

Imprisonment, other deprivation of physical liberty Persecution of any group Enforced disappearance Apartheid

Murder Extermination Enslavement Torture Deportation, forcible transfer

Rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution or sterilization, forced pregnancy

Imprisonment, other deprivation of physical liberty Persecution of any group Enforced disappearance Apartheid

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Groups requiring special attentionGroups requiring special attention

Women

Children

Old people

Refugees

IDPs

Persons with disabilities

Women

Children

Old people

Refugees

IDPs

Persons with disabilities

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Human rights as a common standard of conduct and achievement

Peace operations must be conducted with full respect for principles, norms, spirit of human rights conventions

United Nations personnel and hostGovernment must respect human rights principles and norms

Human rights as a common standard of conduct and achievement

Peace operations must be conducted with full respect for principles, norms, spirit of human rights conventions

United Nations personnel and hostGovernment must respect human rights principles and norms

Human rights in peacekeepingHuman rights in peacekeeping

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Monitor and investigate human rights violations

Report on violations

Conduct advocacy and interventions

Human rights capacity-building

Engage with humanitarian and development partners

Support peace process and transitional justice

Conduct in-mission training and sensitization on human rights issues

Provide technical assistance and advice to other components

Monitor and investigate human rights violations

Report on violations

Conduct advocacy and interventions

Human rights capacity-building

Engage with humanitarian and development partners

Support peace process and transitional justice

Conduct in-mission training and sensitization on human rights issues

Provide technical assistance and advice to other components

Human rights components:Human rights components:

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Human rights units/components

Military peacekeepers

UN police

Other civilian components/units

Human rights units/components

Military peacekeepers

UN police

Other civilian components/units

Human rights roles in peace operationsHuman rights roles in peace operations

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Human rights roles for militaryHuman rights roles for military

Protection of civilian population

Wide operational presence, detailed knowledge of area, movements

Monitoring and reporting of violations

Deterrent effect through visible presence

Armed capacity to stop abuses

Positive example through their conduct

Protection of civilian population

Wide operational presence, detailed knowledge of area, movements

Monitoring and reporting of violations

Deterrent effect through visible presence

Armed capacity to stop abuses

Positive example through their conduct

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United Nations police rolesUnited Nations police roles

Monitoring and mentoring national police

Training and advising new national police forces

Investigating and reporting

Law enforcement

Monitoring and mentoring national police

Training and advising new national police forces

Investigating and reporting

Law enforcement

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Civilian components with human rights rolesCivilian components with human rights roles

Civil affairs

Electoral assistance

DDR

Public information

Civil affairs

Electoral assistance

DDR

Public information

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If human rights violations are observedIf human rights violations are observed

Note the facts

Take action in accordance with mandate, functions and situation

Immediately report the violations

Coordination with human rights components

Follow the situation

Note the facts

Take action in accordance with mandate, functions and situation

Immediately report the violations

Coordination with human rights components

Follow the situation

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When using forceWhen using force

First try non-violent means

Use force only if necessary to pursue lawful objectives

Use only minimum force needed

Always apply force in proportion to objectives

Exercise restraint and minimize damage and injury

Provide medical aid to the injured

First try non-violent means

Use force only if necessary to pursue lawful objectives

Use only minimum force needed

Always apply force in proportion to objectives

Exercise restraint and minimize damage and injury

Provide medical aid to the injured

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In summaryIn summary

Be familiar with human rights concepts

Understanding human rights is necessary to performing your functions effectively

Respect human rights at all times

Protecting and respecting human rights helps maintain credibility and legitimacy of United Nations

Be familiar with human rights concepts

Understanding human rights is necessary to performing your functions effectively

Respect human rights at all times

Protecting and respecting human rights helps maintain credibility and legitimacy of United Nations

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“Be visibly present on the

ground with the attitude

and determination to deter

abuses of human rights”

“Be visibly present on the

ground with the attitude

and determination to deter

abuses of human rights”

Peacekeeper’s MottoPeacekeeper’s Motto

SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping Slide 1 SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping.

Documents

human rights promotion

firearms human rights

cultural rights slide

state actors human rights

human dignity

peacekeeping slide

monitor slide

legal obligations