Sgd imperatives-for quality in digital enviorn-amity-jun-2017

Imperatives for Quality of Education in Digitized Environment

S G DeshmukhABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology & Management, Gwalior [email protected]

FDP on Quality Higher Education

Amity University MP (AUMP) , Gwalior , 14 Jun 2017

Rate of change affected by

Changing business dynamics Technology life cycle Governmental regulations Ever expanding aspirations of

stakeholders-most importantly students

Speaking points..

Opening remarks.. Quality –basic premises and connotations Prevailing digital environment Its implications Personal experiences Closing remarks..

Basic premises

We in education sector, are in a service sector !

Quality of service is very crucial ! Quality of service is a composite measure It is a bundle of so many entities !!!

Quality is driven by a variety of factors…

Our job is to..

Act as knowledge disseminator Act as a facilitator to convert this knowledge

into practice ! Act as a facilitator for betterment of society

at large !

All pervading digital environment

Laptop Mobile Tablets Ipod,MP3, and other

gadgets YouTube, Blogger SlideShare, Myspace

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Social media Facebook,

LinkedIn, Twitter WhatsApp

Characteristics of digital environment

Ubiquitous Mobile Lighter and Smaller High speed Smart Multiple functions

Digital environment ..

Available /accessible 24 x 7 Transparency Peer pressure Amenable to change ?

Disturbing statements..

Engineering curriculum and the teaching and learning strategies have been around for over a couple of years. Unfortunately , engineering faculty today aren’t taught how to teach ! That’s where pedagogy comes into picture .

Professor Emeritus Richard Felder:

“Do unto your students as had been done unto you !” Typical teaching method : prepare detailed lecture notes,

transcribe them onto the board for students to copy, sometimes ask questions, occasionally get answers from a few of the more fearless students, give tests.

Source: http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/

What is teaching?

Teaching is a process intended for learning by inducing a behavioural change in the taught.

It is an art of communicating a message with impact on audience.

Where is quality coming into picture ?

Teaching-learning affected by

Interest in subject matter Psychology of students Mindset of teacher? Distractive factors ? Psychology of class room?

Some assertions.. A1: Good teaching is essential for all. Quality

means “good”

A2: Quality means making the students learn by stimulating their interest in the topic, by

challenging their capabilities, and by encouraging active participation and ‘doing’

A3: Learning means more than rote memorization of facts; hence teachers are expected to enhance students

analytical, critical, and independent thinking abilities.

Some assumptions about teaching

Teaching is a process not an event There is no one right way to teach, but there

are many ways to teach better Both teachers AND students are responsible

for learning Learning is more likely to occur if the process

has been planned Learning occurs best in a relevant context

And most importantly... Teachers want to teach better

Engagement

Engagement of students is an issue Retention and attention span ? Guided by social media Peer-to-peer learning ? How to create interesting contents and

engage them.

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Courses..

Typical lecture course : 40 Hours 40 hours x 60 = 2400 minutes Typically attention span is 12 minutes So 2400/12 = 200 units of attention So in a typical course we have about

200 concepts/ideas/units to be delivered

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Insights..

Teacher can not be isolated from Technology

Teacher competing with Technology OR

Technology complimenting Teacher ?

Learning cycle

COGNITIVE Domain

Knowing

Knowledge Attitude Practice

PSYCHOMOTOR AFFECTIVEDomain Domain

Being Doing

TEACHING

Types of learning..

More than one type of learning through three domains Cognitive Psychomotor Affective

Bloom developed a taxonomy based on the above..“Allows educators to evaluate learning ofstudents systematically [Bloom, 1994]”

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Evaluation

HigherThought

Processes

Synthesis

Analysis

Application

Comprehension

Knowledge

Bloom’s taxonomy of cognitive learning skills

Bloom’s Taxonomy ..1..

Knowledge: repeating verbatim(list, state, describe) Comprehension: demonstrating understanding of

terms in own words(interpret), Application: applying learned information to a problem

(solve, calculate)

Bloom’s Taxonomy ..2..

Analysis: breaking things down into their elements, formulating theoretical explanationsor mathematical or logical models for observed phenomena(derive, explain)

Synthesis: creating something, combining elements in novel ways(formulate, make up, design)

Evaluation: making and justifying valuejudgments or selections from amongalternatives(determine, select, critique)

Evaluation

Synthesis

Analysis

Application

Comprehension

Knowledge

Creating

Evaluating

Analyzing

Applying

Understanding

Remembering

Original Revised

NounBloom(1956)

VerbAnderson et al(1990)

Cognitive Domain

Analyzing

Applying

Creating

Evaluating

Remembering

Understanding

Characterizing by value or value concept

Organizing &conceptualizing

Receiving

Responding

Valuing

Affective Domain

Psychomotor Domain

Articulating

Imitating

Manipulating

Performing

Precisioning

Application to Higher Education

Creativity is very important.

Creativity requires higher thought processes (Bloom :items 4-6: Analysis, Synthesis, Evaluation) [Felder et al., 2004]

In many cases lectures and homework assignments focus exclusively on Bloom item 3: Application [Felder et al., 2004]

Need to include high-level tasks in learning (educational) objectives

Interesting fact..

Teacher learns while teaching Quality enhancement ? Practice makes perfect !

Quality ingredients.. 1..

Technology: Technology is the mechanism that delivers content. It facilitates how students receive content. It includes Internet access and hardware, which can be any Internet access device – from a desktop to a laptop to an iPad to a smartphone.

Technology is the tool, not the instruction.

Idea..

Democratization of education

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Democratization Idea 1:NPTEL

Democratization Idea 2: Massive Democratization Idea 2: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC)Open Online Courses (MOOC)

A massive open online course is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web. 

MOOCs are a recent development in distance education which was first introduced in 2008 and emerged as a popular mode of learning!

July 16, 2017 31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massive_open_online_course

Implications for quality ? 

Digital disruption..

“Today, almost in every field, there is a disruptive digital innovation which has helped collapse the distribution and delivery channel”: examples: Flipkart/Snapdeal/Amazon/Netflix etc.

Vinayak Garg (Entrepreneur, at a session in   Infotsav, IIITMG, Oct 2015)

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Comment..

“Everything is connected to everything else “

Connected world view Enabled by intrinsic desire to be “connected”  Enabled by teaching ? Enabled by  IT

Two views..

Classical view Teaching in 

isolation Teaching   is 

compartmentalized No sharing Student need to be 

taught !

Contemporary view Teacher  is connected Teaching  cannot be 

done in isolation Student as co-producer  Teaching vs learning  Teacher techno saavy  Teacher   be connected 

to society?

Implications for Quality ? 

What should be our goal?

Students hearing a concept (through classroom session/webinar )

Students seeing a demonstration (through lab/ Youtube/movie)

Students doing a problem (paper/pencil) Students teaching themselves or 

others(through interactive media)/ (peer to peer group)” Example :AASF forum in IIITM 

Roles of a teacher

1. Resource provider

2. Instructional specialist

3. Curriculum specialist

4. Classroom supporter

5. Learning facilitator

6. Mentor

7. Leader

8. Data coach

9. Catalysts for change

10. Learner 

Source 

http://www.slideshare.net/alexlegara1/ten-roles-for-teacher-leaders

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Appreciate multiple roles of students as..

consumers,  consultants,  partners,  stakeholders,  change agents,  producers,  researchers,  apprentices, the list goes on… 

Prevailing environment

Digital devises Digital technology Social media Hyper connectedness Googalisd world view  Low attention/retention span

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Challenges …

Multiple modes of learning Not relying on classroom teaching OR teacher 

alone.. Teacher competing with technology Constantly bombarded with onslaught of digital 

technology Teaching vs Learning ? Knowledge dissemination vs Knowledge 

application41

Engagement

Typical span is 12 minutes  A class of say 60 minutes One should be able to introduce  5 packets of 

concepts/ideas interspersed with multi-media content 

Make use of Youtube videos TED talks Films/documentary  42

Implication : Interactivity

Interactivity through social media  Enables to understand student better  Establishes long term relationships with both 

student and teacher  Helps in understanding student  and by 

close interaction

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Wisdom in the social crowd: Quora

Interesting forum As an interaction forum As a status symbol for student 

community? Prolific contributors like: 

Prof Dheeraj Sanghi (IIIT Delhi ) !,  Dr Awdhesh Singh (ex-IIITM Gwalior)+ 

134081 followers !

Quora meet at IIT Kgp (March 2017)  

Quora

Quora, it is a “collection of questions and answers created, edited, and organized by everyone who uses it.” (About Quora, 2011). The site combines the features of an online Q&A 

site and those of social media, permitting users to ask, answer and rate content while also allowing a community of members to conduct private communication if they chose to. 

Research Question: How is knowledge created through CoP on Quora?

TED talks..

TED Talks have been a driving force of inspiration, information and innovation since their inception in 2006. Born out of the TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) Conference, the talks have become a global, viral sensation.

Stephanie Lo, Director of TED-Ed Programs, advises teachers to use TED videos as a way to get students thinking. She recommends that teachers check out Ed.TED.com, which is packed full of short, animated lessons created specifically for students.

Ted Talks

Bill Gates on Teachinghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81Ub0SMxZQo

Measures of Teaching (MET) project

Ways to Sustain Student Motivation

� Make students partners in the teaching- learning process. They are co-producers according to TQM perspective

� Be sensitive about student needs.� Provide extrinsic motivation� Allow some quiet time/Time for meditation?

Contents.. (through YouTube)

1 What is SCM-1 14 Mumbai dabewalla

2 What is SCM-2 15 E-commerce and SC

3 Three things about SCM 16 Key challenges in SC

4 Logistics and SCM 17 Top 10 innovations in SC

5 Walmart Supply chain 18 Measuring &Managing Performance

6 Fedex Supply Chain 19 SCOR model

7 Bullwhip effect in SCM 20 5 Interesting TED talks

8 Understanding and Optimizing Inventory

21 36 SCM solutions

9 How Information system affect SC 22 Green SCM

10 Toyota Supply Chain 23 Careers in SCM

11 SCM used by Intel 24 Future of SCM

12 Transportation 25 Funny side of SCM

13 SCM and Transportation Total Duration : about 15 Hours

What is SCM..1..

SCMSupply Chain

Management

WP carey Business School of Arizona State University

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mi1QBxVjZAw

Duration: 8.04 Minutes

Five Interesting TED talks on SCM

http://blog.staylinked.com/5-eye-opening-ted-talks-every-supply-chain-professional-needs-to-watch

Total time : about 65 Minutes (each about 12.5 to 14 Minutes)

Observations..

Connectivity was established Adept use of technology bridged the

Generation gap ! Interesting content motivated students Facebook and blogs also helped to extend the

reach of content Session interspersed with video content made

the sessions interesting It was Model -3 (Student Centric )

Insights..`

Student does not only consume the final product (therefore, are customers), but also participate in its production (therefore, is co-producer). Digital environment enables this !

The student may not be the product. The real product is the learning of the students and the consequent change in behavior. That is where outcomes matter !

Learning as a team effort between teacher and the student. This is where digitalization helps !

Jointly, they produce a product that is learning of the student. Both parties are responsible participants in that process. Ownership established !!

Remarks..

Both teachers and students construct knowledge collaboratively and the student is an active partner in this process.

Teacher as a guide rather than a sage on the stage !

Self-directed and life –long learning Teacher's role not extinct but Distinct (Fr Rex

Angelo, 2009) Teaching as a reflective practice not a reflex

practice

Implication : Interactivity

Interactivity being more recent in the IT evolution

Enables to understand customer (student) better

Helps in understanding various features and add-ons by close interaction

Feedback through blogging/facebook etc.

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Insights..

Shift from the perspective of knowledge giver/sender to the perspective of knowledge receiver/recipient

Emphasis on Learning !!! People do not select medium BUT they adopt

themselves to medium (Prof N Cho, Hanyang University, Korea, 2 Jan 2009 at IIITM Gwalior)

Acknowledgement

This presentation is based on discussions with Prof PN Rao, University of Northern Iowa, USA http://www.slideshare.net/ramjirao/2015-emerging-trends-in-educationpn-raogwalior

Prof B N Jain, Ex-VC, BITS Pilani Prof Abid Haleem, Jamia Milia Dr Jitesh Thakkar, IIT Khargapur Prof R P Mohanty, Icfai

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https://www.slideshare.net/SanjeevDeshmukh/

Thanks a lot…