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LawGiKLawGiKA Unique Monthly General Awareness Magazine

For CLAT, AILET and Other Law Entrance Exams in 2019

Seventeenth EditionDecember 2018 LAW Entrance Coach

Harmanpreet Kaur becomes first

Indian woman to score T20I century

Infosys Prize 2018Infosys Prize 2018Cover StoryCover Story

Rahul Dravid becomes 5th Indian

to be inducted into ICC Hall of Fame

LawGiK – General Awareness Magazine | December 2018 Edition 1

LawGiK - The Monthly General Awareness Magazine from Team Lawgicians

Edition: December 2018

Editors: Ashish Agarwal, Manjuli Agarwal

Conceived, Owned & Published by:

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-: Contents :-

Infosys Prize 2018 2

Kilogramme redefined 4

List of Important Days (National & International)

4

Current Affairs: Sports 5

Current Affairs: Awards & Honours 10

Current Affairs: National 13

Current Affairs: International 18

Current Affairs: Appointments & Resignations

25

Current Affairs: Anniversaries / Deaths

26

Current Affairs: Science & Technology

28

All rights reserved with the publisher. Copying in part or full, reproducing by any other means will attract is prohibited.

Though the editors and publishers have made serious attempts in maintaining the accuracy of the information provided in this magazine, yet we do not take responsibility for any loss or damage that happens due to the information provided here.

All disputes are subject to Lucknow jurisdiction only.

2 LawGiK – General Awareness Magazine | December 2018 Edition

Cover Story:

Six professors win Infosys Prize 2018 for science and research

Six eminent professors have been awarded the Infosys

Prize 2018 across different categories of science and

research. The annual award includes a pure gold medal, a

citation and a prize purse worth $100,000 (or its

equivalent in Indian rupees). A six-member jury of

renowned scientists and professors selected the winners

from 244 nominations received in six categories, which

are as follows:

Engineering and Computer Science: In the field of

Engineering and Computer Science, Navakanta Bhat,

Professor, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore was

awarded for his work on the design of novel biosensors

based on his research in biochemistry and gaseous sensors

that push the performance limits of existing metal-oxide

sensors.

Infosys Science Foundation

Humanities: In the Humanities category, Kavita Singh,

Professor and Dean, School of Arts & Aesthetics,

Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi was awarded for

her study of Mughal, Rajput and Deccan art. Ms. Singh’s

work shows the significance of museums in highlighting

the social impact of art, and thereby relates visual culture

to large contemporary questions of secularity, modernity,

and political conflict.

(Image Source: The Times of India)

Life Sciences: The prize for Life Sciences was awarded to

Roop Mallik, Associate Professor, Department of

Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental

(Image Source: Infosys Science Foundation)


Research, Mumbai for his work on molecular motor

proteins, which are crucial for the functioning of living

cells.

Mr. Mallik has identified and measured forces needed to

transport large particles inside cells, and demonstrated

their role in fundamental processes such as targeting

pathogens for their destruction and moving lipid droplets

for fatty acid regulation in the liver.

Mathematical Sciences: Nalini Anantharaman,

Professor and Chair of Mathematics, Institute for

Advanced Study, University of Strasbourg, France was

awarded the prize in Mathematical Sciences for her work

related to “Quantum Chaos”.

(Image Source: India Today)

The quantum world is the one of the deepest secrets of the

universe and mathematics is the language that helps us

understand this world.

Physical Sciences: In the field of Physical Sciences, S.K.

Satheesh, Professor, Centre for Atmospheric & Oceanic

Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, was

awarded for his pioneering scientific work in the field of

climate change.


His studies on black carbon aerosols, the dark, light

absorbing, microscopic particles in air which greatly

influence the energy balance of the atmosphere over the

Indian subcontinent, have enabled a better understanding

of the role of these particles on climate change,

precipitation, and, human health in the Indian

subcontinent.

Social Sciences: The Infosys Prize 2018 for Social

Sciences is awarded to Sendhil Mullainathan, Professor

of Computation and Behavioral Science, the University of

Chicago in the U.S. for his path-breaking work in

behavioural economics.


Mr. Mullainathan’s research has had substantial impact on

diverse fields such as development, public finance,

corporate governance and policy design.

List of Important Days in NOVEMBER

November 5: World Tsunami day

6 November: International Day for Preventing the

Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed

Conflict

November 9: Legal Services Day

10 November: World Science Day for Peace and

Development

November 14: Children’s Day, Diabetes Day

16 November: International Day for Tolerance

November 17: National Epilepsy Day

19 November (third Sunday in November): World

Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims

20 November: Universal Children’s Day

25 November: International Day for the Elimination

of Violence against Women

SPECIAL FEATURE

Kilogramme redefined: Formula replaces mass

of a platinum-iridium lump


(Image Source: thehindu.com)

The world’s standard definition of the kilogram (kg), the

Ampere (A), the Kelvin (K), and the mole has been

changed, after representatives from 60 countries voted to

redefine the International System of Units (SI) for weight,

current, temperature and amount of chemical substance. In

their vote, countries also unanimously approved updates

to three other key units- the kelvin for temperature, the

ampere for electrical current and the mole for the amount

of a substance.

The definition of the kilogram for more than 130 years,

the International Prototype of the Kilogram (IPK), a

cylinder of a platinum alloy stored at the International

Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) in France, will

now be retired.

Until now, it has been defined as the mass of a platinum-

iridium lump, the so-called Grand K, which is kept in a

secured vault on the outskirts of Paris. It has been the

world’s one true kilo, against which all others were

measured, since 1889. It is now being retired and replaced

by a new definition based on a scientific formula.

It will be replaced by the Planck constant – the

fundamental constant of quantum physics. While the

stability of the IPK could only be confirmed by

comparisons with identical copies, a difficult and

potentially inaccurate process, the Planck constant is

ready for use everywhere and always.

The decision, made at the General Conference on Weights

and Measures in Versailles, France, which is organised by

BIPM, means that all SI units will now be defined in

terms of constants that describe the natural world. This

will assure the future stability of the SI and open the

opportunity for the use of new technologies, including

quantum technologies, to implement the definitions.

The changes, which will come into force on May 20 next

year, will bring an end to the use of physical objects to

define measurement units.

Unlike a physical object, the formula cannot pick up

particles of dust, decay with time or be dropped and

damaged. It also is expected to be more accurate when

measuring very, very small or very, very large masses.

The Grand K and its six official copies collectively known

as “the heir and the spares” will still be kept in the high-

security vault on the outskirts of Paris where they are

stored.

The metal kilo is being replaced by a definition based on

Planck’s constant, which is part of one of the most

celebrated equations in physics but also devilishly

difficult to explain. The new definition involves an

apparatus called the Kibble balance, which makes use of

the constant to measure the mass of an object using a

precisely measured electromagnetic force. Scientists

should be able to accurately calculate an exact kilo

without having to measure one lump of metal against

another.

The new definitions impact four of the seven base units of

the SI: the kilogram, ampere, kelvin and mole; and all

units derived from them, such as the Volt (V), ohm (Ω)

and Joule (J). Although the size of these units will not

change, the four redefined units will join the second (s),

the metre (m), and the candela to ensure that the set of SI

base units will continue to be both stable and useful.

SPORTS

Rahul Dravid becomes 5th Indian player to be

inducted into ICC Hall of Fame

(Image Source: NDTV Sports)


Rahul Dravid was officially inducted into the ICC Hall of

Fame when a plaque was presented to him by former

India captain Sunil Gavaskar. He has become the fifth

Indian player to be inducted. He was inducted alongside

former Australia captain Ricky Ponting. Dravid joins an

elite list of cricketers that include Bishan Singh Bedi,

Kapil Dev, Gavaskar and Anil Kumble.

Dravid aggregated 13,288 runs in 164 Tests with 36

centuries and 10,889 runs in 344 ODIs with 12 centuries,

and was in 2004 named as the ICC Cricketer of the Year

as well as the ICC Test Player of the Year.

Pankaj Advani clinches Asian Snooker title

(Image Source: Deccan Chronicle)

Nineteen-time World champion Pankaj Advani sent out a

strong message before the upcoming World

championships by winning the second leg of the Asian

Snooker Tour in Jinan, China. He became the first Indian

to win an Asian Snooker Tour event. Pankaj had won his

first international title in China way back in 2003.

Simone Biles: Gymnast wins record 13th world

title

(Image Source: Yahoo! Sports)

American Simone Biles has become the first gymnast to

win 13 world titles.

The 21-year-old won vault gold at the World

Championships in Qatar.

It was her third world title in this year's Championships

and she has now broken the all-time record set by

Belarusian male gymnast Vitaly Scherbo in 1996. Biles

made history by becoming the first woman to pick up four

all-around world titles after winning the team and all-

around events. She also picked up silver in the uneven

bars - her first international medal on that apparatus.

This was Biles 17th World Championship medal overall

and she is three shy of the all-time record of 20, held by

Russia's Svetlana Khorkina.

Bajrang Punia becomes world number one in

65 kg

(Image Source: New Indian Express)

Star Indian wrestler Bajrang Punia touched a new high in

his career by achieving the number one rank in the world

in the 65kg category. The 24-year-old Bajrang, who has

won five medals this season, including CWG and Asian

Games gold and a silver at the World Championship, was

placed atop the ranking table with 96 points in the UWW

list. It has turned out to be a remarkable season for

Bajrang, who was also the only Indian grappler to be

given a seeding at the Budapest World Championship.

Bajrang is the lone male Indian to figure in top-10 but the

country has five female wrestlers who are in top-10

bracket in their respective categories. Pooja Dhanda, who

became only the fourth Indian woman to win a World

Championship medal, is now ranked sixth in the women’s

57kg. She had taken a bronze. Ritu Phogat completes the

top-10 in the women’s 50kg. Sarita Mor is ranked seventh


in 59kg while Navjot Kaur and Kiran are ninth in 68kg

and 76kg category respectively.

ICC Women's World T20: Harmanpreet Kaur

becomes first Indian woman to score T20I

century


Indian skipper Harmanpreet Kaur scripted history as she

became the first Indian batswoman to score a T20I

century, and only the eighth overall. During India’s

inaugural women’s T20 World Cup match in Guyana

against New Zealand, the ace batswoman scored an epic

ton enthralling not just audience in the stadium but people

watching the game back home. With her impressive sixes,

the captain struck a scintillating 51-ball 103 with so much

ease that it left awestruck.

Harmanpreet Kaur’s knock saw India record a 34-run win

over New Zealand in the opening game of ICC Women’s

World T20. Coming in to bat at number five, she stitched

a record 134-run partnership with Jemimah Rodrigues to

put India in command. Rodrigues etched her name in

record books after becoming the youngest Indian to notch

a T20I half-century.

Having cleared the fence eight times, Kaur now has the

most number of sixes for India in a T20 innings, beating

her own record of, five set against Sri Lanka in

September this year.

7-year-old Kashmiri boy wins gold in Asian

Karate Championships


Seven-year-old Hashim Mansoor from Kashmir's

Bandipora district has won a gold medal at the Asian

Youth Karate Championships, being held at New Delhi.

He clinched the gold in the sub-junior category (below

25kg) after defeating his Sri Lankan opponent in the final.

Mansoor, after this win has now qualified for the World

Championship, to be held next year in September.

ICC Women’s World T20: Mithali Raj becomes

India’s highest T20I run scorer across board

(Image Source: The Times of India)

Mithali Raj has become the highest scorer for India in T20

internationals going ahead of Rohit Sharma and Virat

Kohli respectively. Other Indian cricketers part of this

illustrious list are women’s captain Harmanpreet Kaur,

Suresh Raina, and MS Dhoni. She became the highest

run-getter while batting for India in the ICC women's

world T20 series, smashing an aggressive half-century

against Pakistan.

Mithali Raj has enjoyed a fantastic run at the ongoing

Women’s World T20, scoring 56 runs against Pakistan in

India’s second Group B clash, and followed it up with a

51-run knock against Ireland which ensured India’s

passage into the semi-finals of the tournament with a

comfortable 52-run win.

The former India skipper now has 2283 runs for India in

T20Is from 85 matches at an average of 37.42 and strike

rate of 96.57. She has 17 fifties to her record while

picking up a best of 97 runs. Behind her in India’s highest

run scorers list is Rohit who has 2207 runs from 87

matches at an average of 33.43 and strike rate of 138.36.

Kohli is third with 2102 runs. Among the women,

Harmanpreet is the next Indian with 1827 runs and Smriti

Mandhana on 929 runs in a young career.


Lakshya Sen settles for bronze in World Junior

Championship


Lakshya Sen won his maiden medal at the World Junior

Championship in Canada as he went down battling to

World No. 1 Kunlavut Vitidsarn of Thailand in the semi-

finals. Lakshya bagged the bronze medal after playing a

lengthy hour and 11 minute contest where he finished

second best.

Sen, 17, had beaten the 17-year-old Vitidsarn in straight

games in the final of the Badminton Asia Junior

Championships in July but could not repeat his winning

feat.

This is India’s only medal in this edition of the World

Junior Championship and the first one since Sameer

Verma also won a bronze in 2011.

Shah Rukh Khan to perform Hockey World

Cup anthem in Odisha

A day after music composer AR Rahman shared a teaser

video of the official track of the Hockey Men’s World

Cup, Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik announced

that Bollywood star Shah Rukh Khan will immortalise the

anthem for all hockey lovers. The Hockey World Cup is

scheduled to be held in the capital city of Odisha from

November 28 and it will conclude on December 16.

Rahman, who had collaborated with lyricist Gulzar to

compose the world cup anthem ‘Jai Hind India’.

The Indian Hockey Team is placed in Group C alongside,

Belgium, Canada, and South Africa. The Men in Blue will

play their first match against South Africa. A total of 16

countries are participating in the 14th edition of the event.

India is hosting the event for the third time after having

organised it in 1982 in Mumbai and in 2010 in New

Delhi.

Mary Kom becomes first female boxer to win 6

gold medals at World Championships

(Image Source: Hindustan Times)

Mary Kom defeated Ukraine's Hanna Okhota in the final

of the Women's World Boxing Championships to clinch

the gold medal in the 48kg category and her sixth world

title. Mary Kom is now the most successful boxer in the

tournament's history and won the gold exactly 16 years

after she had won it for the first time.

The Manipur boxer was adjudged the winner by

unanimous decision (5:0).

Mary, who went over her weight category to clinch a 51kg

bronze at the London Olympics, previously clinched the

World Championship gold on five occasions -- 2002,

2005, 2006, 2008, 2010 -- besides bagging a silver on her

debut in 2001.

ICC Women’s World T20: India exit in semi-

finals, lose to England

India’s quest for a maiden ICC Women’s World T20 final

place was stopped by England in the semi-finals at North

Sound, Antigua, following a poor display with the bat.

With the 8-wicket win over India, with 17 balls to spare,

England set up a final with traditional rivals Australia.

Harmanpreet Kaur won the toss and opted to bat with the

team selection raising some eyeballs. Mithali Raj, one of

India’s most experienced players, was not included for the

semifinal with the skipper reflecting the team was

“sticking to the winning combination” that helped get the

better of Australia in the dead rubber.

ICC Women’s World T20 2018: Australia win

4th title with 8-wicket win over England


(Image Source: BBC)

Australia clinched their 4th title as they attained an easy

win over England in the final of the Women’s World T20

tournament.

After being asked to bowl first, the side led by Meg

Lanning bowled out the opposition for just 105 runs and

then comfortably chased down the target with 8 wickets in

hand in 15.1 overs. Ashleigh Gardner was the star for

Australia with both the bat and the ball as she finished

with figures of 3/22 in the first innings and returned with

the bat to smack 33 off 26 deliveries to well and truly put

Australia on their way to a fourth title.

This is Australia’s 4th title win for Australia at Women’s

World T20 in 6 editions of the tournament. The Southern

Stars have won the trophy previously in 2010, 2012 and

2014.

3rd T20I: Virat Kohli, Krunal Pandya Star As

India Draw Series Against Australia


India beat Australia by 6 wickets to level the three-match

series 1-1. Chasing a target of 165 runs, India were taken

home by captain Virat Kohli with a masterful 61 after openers Shikhar Dhawan and Rohit Sharma got them off

to a flier. Krunal Pandya took four wickets during the

Australian innings and earned the man of the match award

for his performance. Krunal Pandya was the standout

bowler for India.

Norway’s Magnus Carlsen wins World Chess

Championship for fourth time

(Image Source: Deccan Chronicle)

Norwegian Magnus Carlsen won the world chess

championship for a fourth time after winning three tie-

breakers against US rival and world number two Fabiano

Caruana. The 27-year-old defending champion, who

collected a winner’s prize of 550,000 euros ($626,065).

Carlsen has been the world’s top ranked player for the

past eight years and has now defended his title three times

since he first won it in 2013 by beating Indian

grandmaster Viswanathan Anand. This year was the first

time the Norwegian had won the championship without

losing a single game.

VAR to make 2019 Asian Cup debut from

quarterfinals


The Video Assistant Referee (VAR) system will be used

from the quarter-finals of next year’s Asian Cup. It would


be employed at seven matches at the 2019 Asian Cup

from the quarter-finals on.

Top flight leagues in Spain, Italy and Germany are

already using VAR, which allows key incidents to be

reviewed with the use of video replays, and the

technology was used at the World Cup in Russia this year.

The extended 2019 Asian Cup will see 24 teams taking

part for the first time, up from the 16 that competed in the

last four editions.

AWARDS & HONOURS

Adobe CEO Shantanu Narayen in Fortune

Business Person of the Year list

(Image Source: The Hindu Business Line)

Indian-American Shantanu Narayen, the CEO of Adobe,

has been named by Fortune in its 2018 Business Person of

the Year list, which ranks 20 business executives

"delivering on the bottom line and beyond".

Narayen, 56, ranks 12th on the list, which has been topped

by CEO of insurance company Progressive Tricia Griffith.

CSE to get 2018 Indira Gandhi Prize for peace,

disarmament and development

Delhi-based environment think-tank CSE will be

honoured with the Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace,

Disarmament and Development this year for its work in

environmental education and protection. The Centre for

Science and Environment (CSE) has been awarded the

prize for its steadyfast advocacy of measures to combat

environmental deterioration and for its success in

influencing public policies and programmes that have

benefitted social and economic development in India.

The award is accorded annually by the Indira Gandhi

Memorial Trust to individuals or organisations in

recognition of creative efforts toward promoting

international peace, development and a new international

economic order, ensuring that scientific discoveries are

used for the larger good of humanity, and enlarging the

scope of freedom.

Established in 1980 under the leadership of late Anil

Aggarwal and presently headed by Sunita Narain CSE has

been working for the last four decades to incorporate

environmental sustainability into development policies. It

has worked on extending awareness and education about

environmental issues, on air and water pollution, waste

water management and industrial pollution, food safety

and energy, climate change and above all in influencing

official policy and public actions for sustainable

development. Its programmes have achieved important

public health outcomes in several areas of vital impact,

including air pollution, sustainable industrialisation

programme, sustainable water management and sanitation,

climate change and food and toxins programme.

Ustad Amjad Ali Khan presented Sumitra

Charat Ram Award for Lifetime Achievement’

in Delhi

(Image Source: Caravan Daily)

One of India’s greatest sarod masters, Ustad Amjad Ali

Khan, was presented the ‘Sumitra Charat Ram Award for


Lifetime Achievement’for his “immense contribution to

the enrichment and promotion of the Indian classical

music”.

Best known for his clear and fast ‘ekhara taans’, Khan

was born in 1945 in Gwalior. He was awarded the Padma

Vibhushan (2001), and is among the tallest Indian

classical musicians. Khan is sixth in the lineage of a

family devoted to Indian classical music’s Senia Bangash

Gharana.

The lifetime achievement award, named after Sumitra

Charat Ram, the founder of the Shriram Bharatiya Kala

Kendra, was instituted in 2010, and has since then been

given to Kishori Amonkar, Pandit Jasraj, Hariprasad

Chaurasia and Girija Devi (in music) and Mayadhar Raut,

Kumudini Lakhia, and Birju Maharaj (in dance).

The Sarod master has performed in the House of

Commons in London, the Central Hall of Parliament in

New Delhi and the United Nations, New York. He has

also taught music as visiting professor at several

international universities. Ustad Amjad Ali Khan has

received the Fellowship of the Sangeet Natak Akademi,

the Unesco award, UNICEF National Ambassadorship,

‘Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters’ of France,

and Fukuoka Cultural Grand Prize of Japan.

Pak's Hindu lawmaker on BBC's list of 100

inspiring and influential women

(Image Source: NDTV.com)

A Hindu woman lawmaker and human rights activist in

Pakistan has made it to the list of BBC’s 100 inspiring and

influential women from around the world. Krishna

Kumari Kohli, 40, Pakistan's first female senator from the

Dalit community, has been placed at No 48 on the annual

BBC 100 Women list and recognised as a Pakistani

politician.

Krishna was elected as senator in March after spending

many years working for the rights of bonded labourers in

Pakistan. She is the first Thari Hindu woman to be elected

to the Pakistan senate.

The list includes women like Chelsea Clinton, daughter of

former US President Bill Clinton for her work with the

Clinton Foundation to Syrian student Nujeen Mustafa who

fled the Syrian war in her wheelchair and campaigns for

refugees with disabilities.

Satyajit Ray’s ‘Pather Panchali’ on BBC’s 100

Best Foreign Language Films list

(Image Source: The Economic Times)

BBC has finally revealed their list of ‘100 Best Foreign-

Language Films of 21st century’. More than 200 critics

from as many as 43 countries were involved in the poll,

and they judged Akira Kurosawa’s ‘Seven Samurai’ as the

number one film. Interestingly, only one Indian film

found its place on the elite list and it’s none other than

Satyajit Ray’s cult classic ‘Pather Panchali’ placed at

number 15. The movie was released in the year 1955.

‘Pather Panchali’ (A Song of the Little Road) marked

Satyajit Ray’s debut as a director. This masterpiece from

Ray is a social drama inspired by a famous novel of the

same name by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay. ‘Pather

Panchali’ plots a young boy ‘Apu’ from a poor family and

his daily life in a rural Indian village. The film was

produced by the then West Bengal government as the

legendary filmmaker ran out of money after only shooting

half of the movie. Pather Panchali happens to be the first

film in ‘The Apu Trilogy’.

The list features 100 films from 67 different directors, from 24 countries, and in 19 languages. “27 of the


highest-rated films were in French, followed by 12 in

Mandarin, and 11 each in Italian and Japanese.

Mexico bestows highest honour on Trump son-

in-law Jared Kushner

(Image Source: Daily Mail)

Mexico’s government gave President Donald Trump’s

son-in-law Jared Kushner the highest honour America’s

southern neighbour grants to foreigners. Kushner has been

bestowed with “The Order of the Aztec Eagle” award.

The Order of the Aztec Eagle award has been bestowed

before on figures such as Nobel literature laureate Gabriel

Garcia Marquez and the late South African President

Nelson Mandela.

The award has caused an uproar in Mexico, where many

are angry over Trump’s insulting comments about

Mexicans and his promises to build a border wall between

the countries.

Kushner earned the award for his work on negotiating a

new trade agreement signed Friday by Mexico, the U.S.

and Canada. The deal replaces the North American Free

Trade Agreement, or NAFTA. Kushner has often played a

key diplomatic role in Trump’s administration, meeting

with Mexican and other foreign leaders and helping

broker the deal to update the 24-year-old North American

Free Trade Agreement. Canada joined the pact in late

September.

Kushner also serves as a senior White House adviser.

Indian-origin executives at Cisco, Uber among

Forbes list of top female US tech moguls


Four Indian-origin women have been named by Forbes

among America’s top 50 female technology moguls, a list

that includes IBM CEO Ginni Rometty and Netflix

executive Anne Aaron. Padmasree Warrior, former chief

technology officer (CTO) of Cisco; Komal Mangtani,

senior director at app-based cab aggregator Uber; Neha

Narkhede, chief technology officer and co-founder of

streaming platform Confluent; and Kamakshi

Sivaramakrishnan, CEO and founder of identity-

management company Drawbrige; are in the list.

According to Forbes the 2018 Inaugural Top 50 Women

In Technology list identifies three generations of forward-

thinking technologists leading more than a dozen tech

sectors across the globe.

NATIONAL

Train 18: Country's first engine-less train

rolled out

(Image Source: Livemint)

India's first engine-less semi-high speed train - "Train 18"

- was rolled out Monday by the Integral Coach Factory

(ICF) here and will eventually replace the Shatabdi

Express for inter-city travel.


The 16-coach semi-high speed 'trainset' built at a cost of

Rs 100 crore per rake with 80 per cent Indian component

has been designed for a maximum operating speed of 160

kmph. This is the first long-distance train sans separate

locomotive (engine). Train-18 has two driving trailer

coaches with aerodynamic driver's cab (nose cone) on

both the ends which will enable quicker turn-around time

at destinations. Every alternative coach is motorized, to

ensure even distribution of power and faster

acceleration/deceleration. Fitted with CCTV cameras,

Train-18 would have two executive compartments in the

middle with 52 seats each, whereas trailer coaches would

have 78 seats each. It has diffused lighting, automatic

doors and footsteps besides GPS-based passenger

information system. The footsteps in the coaches of the

doorways are designed in such a way that it would slide

outward when the train stopped at a station enabling

passengers to alight safely with comfort in view of the

variation in height between a trains floor and the platform.

All the equipment are below the chassis of the coaches

leaving the complete on board space for passenger

movement. All the coaches are connected by fully sealed

gangways with integrated bridge plates, where passenger

can walk across freely.

The gleaming, blue-nosed train has a cone-shaped

frontage, similar to a bullet train. The new train comes

fitted with amenities on a par with the best in the world —

from on-board Wi-Fi to GPS-based passenger information

system, ‘touch-free’ bio-vacuum toilets, LED lighting,

mobile charging points, and a climate control system that

would adjust the temperature according to occupancy and

the weather.

The Shatabdi trains were introduced in 1988 and is

presently running on over 20 routes connecting metros

with other important cities.

With Train 18 already set to go for trials, the railways will

now turn its focus on another project - Train 20 - the next

generation aluminium-bodied sleeper class trains that will

replace the Rajdhani Express trains on the network and is

expected to be rolled out by 2020.

India moves up to 77th rank in Ease of Doing

Business Index

(Image Source: The Hindu)

India jumped 23 places to come in at the 77th spot in the

World Bank's latest ease-of-doing-business global

rankings in 2018. It was ranked 100 last year. The Index

ranks 190 countries across 10 indicators ranged across the

lifecycle of a business from 'starting a business' to

'resolving insolvency'.

India has been adjudged the fifth-best performing nation

in reforming the business environment. The country

improved its rankings in six of the 10 sub-categories used

by the World Bank to judge business climate.

Interestingly, India's ranking actually took a beating in

two categories where landmark government reforms were

expected to lead to better results. In 'Paying Taxes', India

actually saw its rank slip two notches to 121, despite the

implementation of the Goods and Services Tax. The

World Bank praised India for merging taxes and

significantly revising the tax code, but it didn't lead to a

better ranking.

Among categories, the country had the best performance

in 'Dealing with Construction Permits' where it jumped by

a massive 129 places to become the 52nd easiest place to

construct a business unit. Improved transparency and

streamlined procedures were behind India cleaning up its

notoriously corrupt land sector and the financial

transactions that come with it.

The report, covering all policy reforms undertaken by the

government till May 1 of this year, ranked India top

among the South Asian nations. There was an

improvement in the country's 'ease of doing business

score', which indicates the extent to which a country's

regulatory practices are in sync with global best practices.

India also remained among the top-30 nations in the same

three categories as last year — getting electricity, securing

credit and protecting minority investors.


India is among 11 major economies for which the World

Bank took into account two specific metropolitan areas, in

this case, Delhi and Mumbai.

Jharsuguda airport renamed after Odisha

freedom fighter Veer Surendra Sai

(Image Source: Dailyhunt)

The Cabinet approved renaming Jharsuguda aerodrome in

Odisha as 'Veer Surendra Sai Airport'. Veer Surendra Sai

is a well-known freedom fighter of Odisha. The airport

has been developed by the Airports Authority of India

(AAI) in collaboration with the Odisha government at an

estimated cost of Rs 2.1 billion, with Rs 750 million

contribution from the state.

TCS acquires London-based W12 Studios to

boost creative design capabilities

(Image Source: Business Standard)

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) announced the

acquisition of W12 Studios, a digital design studio based

in London, as part of efforts to bolster its digital and

creative design capabilities. With a highly talented team

of multidisciplinary designers with expertise in visual,

interaction, motion, sonic and creative technology, W12

Studios creates iconic experiences and products for

leading global brands.

W12 Studios would retain its current name, branding and

location in London's historic Metropolitan Wharf in

Wapping. Its co-founders will continue to lead W12

Studios and maintain their current roles.

Yogi government to build 151 metre high Lord

Ram statue in Ayodhya

(Image Source: The Financial Express)

Even as Prime Minister Narendra Modi has inaugurated

the world's tallest Sardar Patel's ‘Statue of Unity’ at 183

metre, the height of the proposed Lord Ram statue in

Ayodhya has also been increased to 151 metre. Earlier, a

100 metre Lord Ram statue was proposed to be built in the

temple town with public and private funds. This would

propel it among the tallest statues in the league of ‘Statue

of Unity’ and ‘Spring Temple Buddha’ statue in China,

which measures 153 metres.

Meanwhile, South Korean first lady Kim Jung-Sook was

the chief guest at the high octane ‘Deepotsav’ in

Ayodhya. She visited India during November 4-7 and

graced the ‘ground breaking’ ceremony of Queen

Suriratna memorial in the temple town. Princess Suriratna

(Queen Hur Hwang-ok) is believed to have travelled to

Korea and married King Kim, also known as Hur Hwang-

ok, in 48 AD.

UP cabinet approves renaming of Faizabad as

Ayodhya, Allahabad as Prayagraj

The state Cabinet cleared the proposal to rename Faizabad

and Allahabad divisions as Ayodhya and Prayagraj

respectively. The reason cited was that Ayodhya was the capital of the ‘Ikshvaku dynasty’, to which the Hindu god

Ram belonged, and that it is popular known as his

birthplace. The proposal further said that Ayodhya is has


been the capital of many estates and dynasties in different

time periods.

The proposal to change the names of district Faizabad to

division Ayodhya and division Faizabad to division

Ayodhya has been cleared by the Cabinet. Ayodhya

division will consists of four districts which were part of

Faizabad division.

Another proposal to change the name of Allahabad

division to Prayagraj division has been cleared. The

districts which were part of Allahabad division will now

be part of Prayagraj division.”

The Cabinet also approved a proposal to purchase 269

houses and buildings to widen the road from the Ganga to

the Kashi Vishwanath Temple in Varanasi. The estimated

cost of this would be about Rs 413 crore.

In a first, Tripura to sell its tea under

Tripureshwari Tea brand

(Image Source: Telegraph India)

The Tripura Tea Development Corporation (TTDC),

along with Tea Board India and a couple of other

stakeholders, have been working on designing a logo and

branding of tea produced in the Tripura to expand its

market in the country. The tea produced in the state would

now be sold under the brand name ‘Tripureshwari Tea’ —

a reference to Goddess Tripura Sundari.

Goddess Tripura Sundari, the royal deity of Manikya

dynasty, is worshipped at the Tripura Sundari Temple in

Udaipur of Gomati district which is among the 51 Hindu

Shaktipeethas (holy pilgrimage) of the country.

IISc, IIT-Delhi among top 100 in Global

University Employability Rankings

The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bangalore, Indian

Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and Bombay are

among the top education institutions from the country that

have made it to the top 150 list of the ‘Global University

Employability Ranking’.

The annual ranking is produced by French HR

consultancy Emerging and published by the ‘Times

Higher Education’, lists the top 150 institutions

worldwide for employability, based on a global survey of

around 7,000 recruitment and international managers from

major businesses.

The Harvard University topped the list, followed by the

California Institute of Technology and Massachusetts

Institute of Technology.

The 2018 report reveals that most countries value soft

skills, such as collaboration and communication –

whereas harder, practical skills are valued most in China.

The US continues to dominate the ranking as the data

analysis reveals a swiftly narrowing global employability

gap. America has 34 institutions in the top 150 this year,

compared to 55 in 2011, with six universities in the top 10

– a fall from seven last year.

India ranks 58th on WEF's global

competitiveness index

India ranks 58th out of 140 countries on the World

Economic Forum’s (WEF’s) global competitiveness

rankings, 2018. The United States leads the latest

rankings.

India ranks behind other emerging economies such as

Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. The global

competitiveness rankings are based on a country’s


performance on four sub-indices, namely enabling

environment, human capital, markets and the innovation

ecosystem it offers. Performance on each of these sub-

indices is in turn measured through select indicators.

Myntra, Jabong to merge; Narayanan will

continue as CEO

(Image Source: Livemint)

Online fashion retailer Myntra will integrate its sister firm

Jabong with itself and the integrated firm will continue to

be led by Myntra CEO Ananth Narayanan. The two will,

however, continue to operate as separate brands.

Flipkart had acquired Myntra in 2014 and Myntra had

acquired Jabong in 2016. Since Myntra’s purchase of

Jabong in mid-2016, the two brands have been steadily

integrating key business functions and streamlining

processes. This has resulted in revenue growth and a

significant improvement in the customer experience.

Myntra and Jabong will now fully integrate all the

remaining functions including technology, marketing,

category, revenue, finance and creative teams.

India slips two spots to rank 53rd on IMD

global talent ranking, Switzerland on top

India has slipped two places to rank 53rd on a global

annual talent ranking released by IMD Business School

Switzerland. Switzerland continued to be at the top spot,

with no Asian country or even the US in the top 10. While

Switzerland retained its top position for the fifth

consecutive year on the list in the survey titled as ‘IMD World Talent Ranking 2018’. In 2017, India was ranked at

55th position.

Within Asia, Singapore has topped the charts with a

global 13th place on the list that ranks 63 countries in

developing, attracting and retaining talent.

The rankings are based on three factors: Investment and

Development, Appeal, and Readiness. These factors

include indicators that capture the resources invested in

developing local talent, the extent to which a country

attracts and retains talent, and the quality of skills

available in the talent pool.

At 6th place, Canada is the only non-European nation in

the top ten. On the other hand, among BRICS nations,

Brazil was ranked 58th, while South Africa and Russia

came at 50 and 46, respectively.

The Slovak Republic (59th), Colombia (60th), Mexico

(61st), Mongolia (62nd), and Venezuela (63rd) are the last

countries in the ranking.

Economies placed in the top-10 of the ranking generally

share high levels of investments in public education and a

high quality of life, which allow them both to develop

local human capital and to attract highly-skilled

professionals from abroad.

India ranks 138 among 180 nations in press

freedom

May 3, while the world celebrates World Press Freedom

Day (or World Press Day), India slipped two points on the

World Press Freedom Index ranking. Compiled by

Reporters Without Borders (RWB), 2018 World Press

Freedom Index reflects growing bitterness towards

journalists. The antagonism towards the media which is

openly encouraged by political leaders poses a great threat

to democracy.

India's ranking in press freedom has fallen two places to

138th position among 180 countries. According to the

RSF ranking, physical violence against journalists is

largely responsible for India's low ranking. Norway

topped the list for having the world's freest press for the

second year in a row. while North Korea remained the

most repressive country followed by Eritrea,

Turkmenistan, Syria and China.

RSF publishes the World Press Freedom Index each year

since 2002 and it measures the level of media freedom in 180 countries. It measures the level of freedom available

to journalists and not the quality of journalism.


The parameters that are evaluated are: level of pluralism,

media independence, environment and self-censorship,

transparency, legal framework, quality of the

infrastructure that supports the production of news and

information.

UNESCO Conference on World Press Freedom Day 2018

is happening in Accra, Ghana with the theme: Keeping

Power in Check: Media, Justice and the Rule of Law.

Satyapal Malik puts J&K Bank in public

sector, kicks off autonomy row


A day after Governor Satya Pal Malik dissolved the

Jammu and Kashmir assembly, the State Administrative

Council chaired by him decided to turn the J&K Bank Ltd

into a public-sector bank, taking its autonomy away and

making it accountable to the state legislature. Further, it

will also be brought under the ambit of the J&K RTI Act

and the Central Vigilance Commission.

Until now, J&K Bank was classified as an ‘old private

sector bank’ and supervised by the Reserve Bank of India.

The J&K state holds a majority or 59.3 per cent stake in

the bank.

J&K Bank is a listed entity and earned profits of Rs

440.90 crore on a total income of Rs 7,116.71 crore in

2017-18. The bank’s shareholding pattern, as on

September 30, 2018, shows that individual investors hold

about 12.5 per cent, mutual funds 5.36 per cent, foreign

portfolio investors 16.17 per cent and LIC 2.76 per cent.

Maharashtra Assembly approves 16% quota

for Marathas


The Maharashtra Assembly unanimously passed a

legislation granting 16 per cent reservation to the Maratha

community under the socially and educationally backward

category.

With the approval of the quota, reservations in the state

have surpassed the 50 per cent ceiling set by the Supreme

Court for state governments and the Centre. At present,

the total reservations in the state is 52 per cent. The 16 per

cent reservation approved for the Marathas will take the

number to 68 per cent.

The major recommendations of the MSBCC (Maharashtra

State Backward Class Commission’s ) which justified the

reservation to Maratha community are as follows:

The Maratha Class of citizens has inadequate

representation in the services under the State and having

been declared socially and educationally backward class

of citizens, they are entitled to reservation benefits and

advantages enshrined in the Article 15 (4) (Prohibition of

discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or

place of birth) and 16 (4) (Equality of opportunity in

matters of public employment) of the Indian Constitution.

Mizoram: Country’s first queueless polling

witnessed in Kolasib



People in Project Veng, a small locality in Kolasib

Constituency of Mizoram, cast their votes without

standing in queues, as the country’s first queueless polling

station was introduced in the state Assembly elections.

The initiative taken up by the Election Office, in

partnership with the Young Mizo Association, allowed

voters to cast their votes through a slot, arranged by the

Election Office and the YMA.

Voters were provided a serial number with a timing slot.

Accordingly, they cast their votes, with 60 voters

exercising their franchise every half hour.

INTERNATIONAL

World’s first flexible smartphone, FlexPai

launched in China

(Image Source: BBC)

Rouyu Technology has launched the world’s first flexible

smartphone named FlexPai, beating brands like Samsung

who have been showing concepts for the same on a

regular basis. Rouyu Technology is a display company,

which specialises in flexible displays.

FlexPai sports a 7.8-inch AMOLED display with an

aspect ratio of 4:3, which turns to a 4-inch display when

folded. The device runs Water OS, which might be a

forked version of Android or a custom operating system.

It comes with 6GB/8GB RAM paired with

128GB/256GB/512GB of internal storage.

The device only comes with one dual camera setup, which

can be used to take both normal images and selfies.

China inks 16 pacts with cash-strapped Pak

(Image Source: Dailyhunt)

China will provide the “necessary support” to Pakistan to

tide over the present financial crisis, as the two countries

signed 16 agreements after Prime Minister Imran Khan

held talks with his Chinese counterpart Li Keqiang to

boost their “all-weather” strategic ties. Khan was on his

maiden visit to China as the two countries grapple to iron

out differences over the multi-billion-dollar CPEC and

Islamabad approaching ‘friendly nations’ to avoid a tough

IMF bailout package.

Beijing has agreed to provide USD 6 billion in aid to the

cash-strapped country which included a loan of USD 1.5

billion along with an additional package of USD 3 billion

for the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). As

well as, there will be no changes in the USD 60 billion

CPEC projects which came under criticism including by

some of the Khan’s Cabinet ministers over the increasing

debt. Pakistan is currently battling serious economic crisis

including balance of payments.

The CPEC has also become a major irritant in India-China

relations with New Delhi voicing its opposition to the

infrastructure project as it traverses through Pakistan-

occupied Kashmir.

China's Xinhua agency unveils AI news

presenter

(Image Source: The Guardian)


China's state news agency has unveiled a virtual

newsreader sporting a sharp suit and a somewhat robotic

voice. According to Xinhua News, the presenter "can read

texts as naturally as a professional news anchor". Sogou, a

Chinese search engine, was involved in the system's

development. There is also a Chinese-speaking version

with a different face. The presenters can "work" 24 hours

a day on its website and social media channels, "reducing

news production costs".

An artificial intelligence (AI) system has been used to

synthesise the presenters' voices, lip movements and

expressions. They are based on those of real Xinhua

presenters.

China clinches multi-billion-dollar strategic

port deal with Myanmar

China has clinched a multi-billion-dollar deal to build a

port at a strategic town along the coast of the Bay of

Bengal in Myanmar, its third project in India’s

neighbourhood after Sri Lanka and Pakistan. China and

Myanmar signed an agreement to build the deep sea port

project in Kyaukpyu town after negotiations dragged for

years due to financing and other issues.

China is also developing deepwater strategic Gwadar port

in Pakistan in the Arabian Sea which faces the Mumbai

coast. It has also acquired Sri Lanka’s Hambantota port on

debt swap in the Indian Ocean.

Under the framework agreement, China will fund 70 per

cent of the investment for the project and Myanmar will

pitch in the remaining 30 per cent. The initial phase of the

project will include two berths with a total investment of

USD 1.3 billion. A joint venture will be set up to construct

and operate the port.

The signing of the framework agreement marks a

significant step for the port project, which has been stalled

since 2015, and for the continued implementation of the

China-proposed Belt and Road initiative (BRI), which has

come under increased scrutiny because of the cases such

as the Kyaukpyu port project.

This is the biggest project China had secured after

Myanmar leader Aung San Suu Kyi took charge of the

government replacing the prolonged rule of pro-China

military junta.

The Kyaukpyu project is estimated to bring 100,000 jobs

to the local community and will contribute as much as

USD 15 billion in tax revenue to Myanmar.

Amnesty International withdraws award from

Myanmar’s Aung San Suu Kyi


Amnesty International has withdrawn its highest honour

from Myanmar’s leader Aung San Suu Kyi in light of

what it said was the Nobel Peace Prize laureate’s

“shameful betrayal of the values she once stood for.”

The human rights organization announced that its

secretary general, Kumi Naidoo, informed Suu Kyi that it

was revoking her 2009 Ambassador of Conscience

Award. Amnesty has criticized the failure of Suu Kyi and

her government to speak out about military atrocities

against the Rohingya Muslim population. Suu Kyi was

expected to use her “moral authority to speak out against

injustice wherever” she saw it, especially in Myanmar.

Waymo said to launch world’s first driverless

car service in December

Waymo, the secretive subsidiary of Google’s parent

company, Alphabet Inc, is planning to launch the world’s

first commercial driverless car service in early December.

It will operate under a new brand and compete directly

with Uber and Lyft.

Waymo’s plan is to plant the seeds of these drivereless car

programs in different metro areas across the US, and to

gradually expand outward.

China unveils new 'Heavenly Palace' space

station as ISS days numbered



China unveiled on a replica of its first permanently

crewed space station, which would replace the

international community's orbiting laboratory and

symbolises the country's major ambitions beyond Earth.

The 17-metre (55-foot) core module was a star attraction

at the biennial Airshow China in the southern coastal city

of Zhuhai, the country's main aerospace industry

exhibition. The model represented the living and working

space of the Tiangong — or "Heavenly Palace" — which

will also have two other modules for scientific

experiments and will be equipped with solar panels.

Three astronauts will be permanently stationed in the 60-

tonne orbiting lab, which will enable the crew to conduct

biological and microgravity research. Assembly is

expected to be completed around 2022 and the station

would have a lifespan of around 10 years.

The International Space Station — a collaboration

between the United States, Russia, Canada, Europe and

Japan — has been in operation since 1998 but is due to be

retired in 2024. China will then have the only space

station in orbit, though it will be much smaller than the

ISS which weighs 400 tonnes and is as large as a football

pitch. The country announced that the lab would be open

to "all countries" to conduct science experiments.

Legislation introduced in US Congress to

protect work authorisation of H1B spouses

A legislation seeking to prohibit the Trump administration

from revoking the work authorisation of spouses of H1-B

visa holders, which include Indians, has been introduced

in the US Congress by two lawmakers who said that

eliminating this benefit would force many foreign workers to use their talents to compete against American

businesses. H-4 visas are issued to the spouses of H-1B

foreign workers.

The H-1B visa is a non-immigrant visa through which

many Indians workers are employed in US companies. It

allows the US companies to employ foreign workers in

speciality occupations that require theoretical or technical

expertise. It is the most sought-after visa among Indian IT

professionals.

H-4 visas are issued only to very close or immediate

family members of the H-1B visa holders. The move by

lawmakers was to introduce the H-4 Employment

Protection Act, comes amidst determination by the Trump

administration to revoke an Obama-era rule that extends

work authorisation to the spouses of H-1B visa holders.

The H-4 Employment Protection Act prohibits the Trump

administration from revoking this important rule, which it

is expected to do by the end of the year.

Fiji Prime Minister narrowly wins election to

serve a second term

Fijian Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama will stay in

power for a second term as he narrowly won a general

electiony after voting resumed following delays due to

bad weather. Mr. Bainimarama, who has been the Prime

Minister of Fiji since leading a bloodless coup in 2006,

has won 27 of 51 seats. Fiji went to polls, only the second

time the country has held democratic elections since 2006.

Toxic’ is Oxford Dictionaries’ 2018 word of the

year

(Image Source: CNN International)

The Oxford Dictionary announced its ‘Word of the Year’

for 2018, and as per them, the word that encapsulates the

‘ethos, mood, or preoccupations’ of this year, is ‘toxic’.


“Toxic” was judged to “have lasting potential as a term of

cultural significance." From ‘toxic air’ to ‘toxic politics’,

the sheer scope of the word’s application in 2018 made

‘toxic’ the stand-out choice for our Word of the Year.”

“The adjective toxic is defined as ‘poisonous’ and first

appeared in English in the mid-seventeenth century from

the medieval Latin toxicus, meaning ‘poisoned’ or

‘imbued with poison’.”

Sherry Rehman becomes first female Senate

opposition leader of Pakistan


Pakistans prominent lawmaker Sherry Rehman made

history today by becoming the first woman Leader of the

Opposition in the Senate, the upper house of parliament.

Rehman, 57, belongs to the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP).

She has served as Pakistans Ambassador to the US from

2011 to 2013 and was elected to the Senate in 2015.

His slain mother and former two time prime minister

Benazir Bhutto had served twice as Leader of the

Opposition in the National Assembly, the lower house, in

1990s. Rehman served as the editor of Herald magazine

for over a decade before entering politics.

She was elected to the national assembly in 2002 and was

re-elected in 2008, and served as the federal minister for

information and broadcasting.

India, Pakistan commit to Kartarpur corridor


India and Pakistan exchanged letters, committing to build

the required infrastructure for visa-free direct travel by

Indian Sikh pilgrims to Pakistan’s Kartarpur Sahib

gurdwara, allowing them to mark the 550th Birth

Anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev in November 2019.

Officials from India and Pakistan will meet soon to

discuss the logistics of the corridor and point of border

crossing where the roads which pilgrims will traverse on

the Indian side from Dera Guru Nanak Dev in Gurdaspur

district directly to the border and from the Pakistani side

of the border directly to Kartarpur Darbar Sahib

Gurudwara.

A cabinet meeting in Delhi proposed building a passage

for the pilgrims accessible “365 days and 24 hours”. “The

government of India urges the government of Pakistan to

recognise the sentiments of the Sikh community to

develop a corridor with suitable facilities in its territory to

facilitate easier access and smooth passage of Indian

pilgrims throughout the year.”

The Kartarpur Sahib corridor was first proposed in 1999

when Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee took a bus ride

to Lahore, as a long-standing demand from the Sikh

community for easy access to the revered shrine across the

border where Guru Nanak spent the last 18 years of his

life.

India, Australia sign five agreements as

President Kovind meets PM Morrison



India and Australia signed five agreements to boost

investments and enhance cooperation in key sectors like

disability, agricultural research and education as President

Ram Nath Kovind met Australian Prime minister Scott

Morrison in Sydney. Kovind, the first-ever Indian head of

state to visit Australia, arrived in Sydney on the second

leg of his two nation trip.

The first agreement was for cooperation in the area of

disability and to deliver services to the differently-abled.

The second one was between Invest India and Austrade to

facilitate bilateral investment. The third agreement was

signed between the Central Mine Planning and Design

Institute, Ranchi, and the Commonwealth Scientific and

Research Organisation, Canberra, to foster scientific

collaboration and innovation. The fourth one between the

Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, and

the University of Western Australia, Perth, for

cooperation in agricultural research and education while

the last one was between the Indraprastha Institute of

Information Technology, New Delhi, and the Queensland

University of Technology, Brisbane for a joint Ph.D

agreement.

India is the world's fastest growing major economy and

offers more opportunity for Australian business over the

next 20 years than any other single market.

Ministers across education, agribusiness, resources and

tourism will oversee progress of the government's

response and ongoing implementation of the India

Economic Strategy.

Brazil backs out of hosting 2019 climate change

meeting

Brazil pulled out of hosting next year’s United Nations

global summit meeting on climate change, the latest signal

that Latin America’s largest nation no longer aspires to be

an influential player in efforts to mitigate the effects of a

warming planet.

The decision leaves the UN scrambling to find a new

venue for the conference, which was scheduled to take

place next November. It comes about a month before the

inauguration of President-elect Jair Bolsonaro, who has

vowed to empower commercial ventures in the Amazon

and other Brazilian biomes while weakening enforcement

of environmental laws.

Brazil in 2009 set ambitious goals to reduce the emission

of greenhouse gases and took drastic steps to rein in

deforestation in the Amazon. Those initiatives were met

with international acclaim and positioned Brazil as one of

the most consequential and engaged nations in the effort

to reduce climate change.

Under the U.N. system, a country from Latin America is

supposed to host the summit in 2019. Brazil was the only

country in the region to volunteer for the task, which can

cost a country as much as $100 million.

G20 Summit 2018 held in Argentina’s Buenos

Aires

(Image Source: The Hindu Business Line)

The G20 Summit 2018 was held in the city of Buenos

Aires, Argentina. Nineteen leaders of the world's biggest

economies and representatives of the European Union

held a meeting together as part of the G20 summit. Prime

Minister Narendra Modi represented India at the Summit

and met US President Donald Trump, Chinese President

Xi Jinping, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres,

Argentina President Mauricio Macri, Chilean President

Sebastian Pinera and German Chancellor Angela Merkel,

on the sidelines of the summit.

He also met Prince Mohammed bin Salman of Saudi

Arabia who offered to supply oil to India.

PM Modi presented a 9-point agenda to G20 Member

Nations, calling for strong and active cooperation to deal

with fugitive economic offenders. The agenda was

presented during the second session of the G20 Summit

2018 on International Trade, International Financial and

Tax Systems. Prime Minister Narendra Modi also stressed

on cooperation among G20 countries on issues related to

global economy, trade tensions, crude oil prices and

terrorism. He highlighted the flagship programmes like

the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna, MUDRA and Start-

up India undertaken by his government to modernise the

economy and promote inclusive growth.


The theme for the 10th G20 summit, as decided by

Buenos Aires, is “building consensus for fair and

sustainable development”.

For the first time, India will host the annual G20 summit

in 2022, coinciding with the country's 75th anniversary of

Independence.

UK amends new weapons bill to allow status

quo on possession of kirpans


The United Kingdom government has confirmed an

amendment to a new weapons bill going through

Parliament to ensure that it would not impact the right of

the British Sikh community to possess and supply kirpans

or religious swords.

The Offensive Weapons Bill 2018 completed its various

readings in the House of Commons this week and has now

moved to the House of Lords for approval.

It involves a new offence of possessing certain offensive

weapons in public and places new restrictions on the

online sales of bladed articles and corrosive products in

attempt to crackdown on rising knife and acid-related

attacks in the country. The Bill has been amended to

ensure that the possession and supply of large kirpans for

religious reasons can continue.

Argentina’s capital unveils its first Diego

Maradona statue

(Image Source: Millennium Post)

Argentines celebrated the 58th birthday of Diego

Maradona by unveiling a bronze statue of the soccer

legend that recreates his goal against England that was

voted the greatest of the 20th century. The statue is

located near the Argentinos Juniors club stadium in

Buenos Aires, where he made his career debut in 1976.

A decade later, Maradona captained Argentina to the 1986

World Cup title and scored two of the most memorable

goals in the game’s history. The first was the “Hand of

God” goal, in which the tiny Maradona jumped with

England goalkeeper Peter Shilton and punched the ball

into the net.

The 9-feet (2.8-meter) statue was placed in a terrace near

a mural where Maradona is depicted wearing the red

uniform of Argentinos Juniors.

APPOINTMENTS &

RESIGNATIONS

Four new Supreme Court judges sworn in

(Image Source: Bar & Bench)


Justices Hemant Gupta, R.Subhash Reddy, M.R. Shah and

Ajay Rastogi were sworn in as judges of the Supreme

Court, taking its strength to 27. The President had gave

his assent to the recommendation of the Supreme Court

Collegium for elevating Mr. Gupta, Mr. Reddy, Mr. Shah

and Mr. Rastogi, who were chief justices of different High

Courts, as apex court judges.

While Justice Gupta was the chief justice of the Madhya

Pradesh High Court, Justice Reddy was the Gujarat High

Court’s chief justice. Justice Shah was the Chief Justice of

the Patna High Court and Justice Rastogi was the Chief

Justice of the Tripura High Court.

The apex court has a sanctioned strength of 31.

Tesla appoints Robyn Denholm as chair to

replace Elon Musk

(Image Source: BBC)

Tesla Inc said board member Robyn Denholm will replace

Elon Musk as its chair, after the billionaire had to step

down as the electric-car maker’s chairman as part of a

settlement with US regulators. He should quit as chairman

but could retain his role as CEO. Musk, who has been on

Tesla’s board since 2004, tweeted he was considering

taking the company private for $420 per share and had

secured funding for a deal that was later scuttled but

attracted scrutiny from several government agencies.

Denholm is currently the chief financial officer at

Australian telecoms operator Telstra Corp Ltd and has

been an independent director on Tesla’s nine-member

board since 2014.

South Korea’s Kim Jong Yang named Interpol

president

South Korea’s Kim Jong Yang has been elected as

Interpol’s next president, edging out a longtime veteran of

Russia’s security services who was strongly opposed by

the US, Britain and other European nations. Kim’s win

means he secured at least two-thirds of votes cast at

Interpol’s general assembly in Dubai.

He will serve until 2020, completing the four-year

mandate of his predecessor, Meng Hongwei, who was

detained in China.

Flipkart CEO Binny Bansal Resigns After

Probe Into Personal Misconduct


Binny Bansal, chief executive and cofounder of Walmart-

owned Flipkart Group, resigned following a probe into an

allegation of serious personal misconduct. The resignation

came on the heels of an independent investigation into the

allegation which Bansal strongly denies.

Kalyan Krishnamurthy, who already heads the group's

main e-commerce unit, will now become the CEO for the

group's other businesses, including fashion portals Myntra

and Jabong.

ANNIVERSARIES / DEATHS

S.K. Sharma, acquitted in ISRO espionage case,

passed away



S.K. Sharma, 62, a Bengaluru-based businessman who

was embroiled in a case of ISRO espionage foisted by the

Kerala police in the mid-1990s, died.

He was arrested in November 1995 in the ISRO espionage

case which the Supreme Court on September 14, 2018

called false and manufactured. Then a labour contractor

for two factories, he was dragged into the controversy

when he helped a Maldivian woman get admission to a

city school. The act of altruism was seen as espionage by

the Kerala police, and for three days he was tortured. For

nearly three-and-a-half years until his acquittal, he battled

accusations of being a traitor and an ISI agent. The case

led to his financial decline.

After the Supreme Court order, awarding ISRO scientist

Nambi Narayanan 50 lakh as compensation for being

falsely implicated in the case, Mr. Sharma had reached out

to the media in the hope that his own case seeking

compensation.

Stan Lee, Marvel Comics pioneer, dead at 95

(Image Source: BBC)

Stan Lee, the legendary writer, editor and publisher of

Marvel Comics whose fantabulous but flawed creations

made him a real-life superhero to comic book lovers

everywhere, has died. Lee created The Fantastic Four for

Marvel Comics in 1961 and went on to create titles including Spider-Man and The Incredible Hulk.

Lee, who began in the business in 1939 and created or co-

created Black Panther, Spider-Man, the X-Men, the

Mighty Thor, Iron Man, the Fantastic Four, the Incredible

Hulk, Daredevil and Ant-Man, among countless other

characters. He also created an Indian superhero, Chakra.

He was known for making a cameo in almost every

Marvel film. Despite leaving the Marvel company in

1972, he remained chairman emeritus.

In 2009, The Walt Disney Co. bought Marvel

Entertainment for $4 billion, and most of the top-grossing

superhero films of all time — led by Avengers: Infinity

War's $2.05 billion worldwide take earlier this year —

have featured Marvel characters.

Asia’s first woman neurosurgeon, T.S. Kanaka,

dies at 86

(Image Source: The Better India)

Asia’s first woman neurosurgeon, T.S. Kanaka, died in

Chennai. Dr. Kanaka, who retired as professor of

Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurology, Madras Medical

College (MMC), in 1990, was known to have inspired

many women to take to the field of neurosurgery in the

country.

Dr. Kanaka, who retired as professor of Neurosurgery,

Institute of Neurology, Madras Medical College (MMC),

in 1990, was known to have inspired many women to take

to the field of neurosurgery in the country.

Ad-filmmaker, theatre doyen and actor Alyque

Padamsee passed away


(Image Source: Business Today)

Prominent ad filmmaker and actor Alyque Padamsee

passed away in Mumbai. As a film actor, he was known

for his role in Richard Attenborough’s film Gandhi where

he played Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

The Indian theatre personality and ad filmmaker,

Padamsee was known as the Father of modern Indian

advertising. He founded one of the top advertising

agencies in the country, Lintas. He gave some of the

iconic moments to Indian advertising like Liril’s girl in

the waterfall, Hamara Bajaj and many others. He was

conferred with Padmashri Award in 2000 and he also

received Sangeet Natak Akademi Tagore Ratna in 2012.

Hero of Battle of Longewala, Brigadier Kuldip

Singh Chandpuri dies


Kuldip Singh Chandpuri, known as the hero of the Battle

of Longewala during the 1971 Indo-Pak war, died. Brig

Chandpuri was a recipient of the Maha Vir Chakra — the

country’s second-highest gallantry award — for his role at

Longewala, an outpost in the Thar desert of Rajasthan. He

held off a Pakistani attack while leading a small group of

Indian soldiers through the night in the 1971 war.

The 1997 Bollywood classic, ‘Border’, in which actor

Sunny Deol played the role of Brig Chandpuri, was made

depicting the Longewala battle.

Oscar-winning director Bernardo Bertolucci

dies at 77


Italian film-maker Bernardo Bertolucci, who won Oscars

with “The Last Emperor” and whose erotic drama “Last

Tango in Paris” enthralled and shocked the world, died.

Bertolucci’s movies also bore the imprint of the director’s

own experiences in psychoanalysis.

Bertolucci’s later movies included “The Sheltering Sky.”

The 1990 work won Bertolucci a nomination at the

Golden Globes.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

NASA Retires Kepler Space Telescope

The Kepler space telescope has run out of fuel and will be

retired after a 9-1/2-year mission in which it detected

thousands of planets beyond our solar system and boosted

the search for worlds that might harbour alien life.

Currently orbiting the sun 156 million km from the earth,

the spacecraft will drift further from our planet when

mission engineers turn off its radio transmitters.

Launched on March 6, 2009, the Kepler space telescope

combined cutting-edge techniques in measuring stellar

brightness with the largest digital camera outfitted for

outer space observations at that time. Originally

positioned to stare continuously at 150,000 stars in one star-studded patch of the sky in the constellation Cygnus,

Kepler took the first survey of planets in our galaxy and


became the agency's first mission to detect Earth-size

planets in the habitable zones of their stars.

Four years into the mission, after the primary mission

objectives had been met, mechanical failures temporarily

halted observations. The mission team was able to devise

a fix, switching the spacecraft’s field of view roughly

every three months. This enabled an extended mission for

the spacecraft, dubbed K2, which lasted as long as the

first mission and bumped Kepler's count of surveyed stars

up to more than 500,000.

Before retiring the spacecraft, scientists pushed Kepler to

its full potential, successfully completing multiple

observation campaigns and downloading valuable science

data even after initial warnings of low fuel. The latest

data, from Campaign 19, will complement the data from

NASA’s newest planet hunter, the Transiting Exoplanet

Survey Satellite, launched in April. TESS builds on

Kepler's foundation with fresh batches of data in its search

of planets orbiting some 200,000 of the brightest and

nearest stars to the Earth, worlds that can later be explored

for signs of life by missions, such as NASA’s James

Webb Space Telescope.

The telescope has now run out of the fuel needed for

further operations.

NASA’s Dawn mission to asteroid belt ends


NASA’s Dawn spacecraft has gone silent, ending an 11-

year-old historic mission to explore the two largest bodies

in the main asteroid belt, Vesta and Ceres. Dawn missed

scheduled communications sessions with NASA’s Deep

Space Network. After the flight team eliminated other

possible causes for the missed communications, mission managers concluded that the spacecraft finally ran out of

hydrazine, the fuel which keeps the spacecraft oriented

and in communication with Earth.

Dawn can no longer keep its antennas trained on Earth to

communicate with mission control or turn its solar panels

to the Sun to recharge. Currently, it’s in orbit around the

dwarf planet Ceres, where it will remain for decades.

Launched in 2007, Dawn accomplished a journey

propelled by ion engines that put about 4.3 billion miles

(6.9 billion km) on its odometer.

In 2011, Dawn became the first to orbit a body in the

region between Mars and Jupiter when the spacecraft

arrived at Vesta, the second largest world in the main

asteroid belt. In 2015, Dawn became the first to visit a

dwarf planet and go into orbit around two destinations

beyond Earth. It went into orbit around Ceres, a dwarf

planet that is also the largest world in the asteroid belt.

NASA to send organs-on-chips to space

NASA is planning to send small devices containing

human cells in a 3D matrix — known as tissue chips or

organs-on-chips — to the International Space Station

(ISS) to test how they respond to stress, drugs and genetic

changes. Made of flexible plastic, tissue chips have ports

and channels to provide nutrients and oxygen to the cells

inside them. The “Tissue Chips in Space” initiative seeks

to better understand the role of microgravity on human

health and disease and to translate that understanding to

improved human health on Earth.

The US space agency is planning the investigations in

collaboration with CASIS and the National Center for

Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) at the

National Institutes for Health (NIH). Many of the changes

in the human body caused by microgravity resemble the

onset and progression of diseases associated with ageing

on Earth, such as bone and muscle loss. But the space-

related changes occur much faster. That means scientists


may be able to use tissue chips in space to model changes

that might take months or years to happen on Earth.

NASA’s Ralph set to visit Jupiter’s Trojan

asteroids in 2021


NASA’s Ralph — a space instrument that has travelled as

far as Pluto — is set to explore Jupiter’s Trojan asteroids,

which are remnants from the early days of the solar

system. Ralph was first launched aboard the New

Horizons spacecraft in 2006m and obtained stunning flyby

images of Jupiter and its moons. This was followed by a

visit to Pluto where Ralph took the first high-definition

pictures of the iconic minor planet.

In 2021, Ralph is set to journey with the Lucy mission to

Jupiter’s Trojan asteroids. The instrumet will fly by

another Kuiper Belt object called 2014 MU69 —

nicknamed Ultima Thule — in January 2019. Ralph’s

observations of 2014 MU69 will provide unique insights

into this small, icy world.

The Lucy spacecraft carries a near-twin of Ralph, called

L’Ralph, which will investigate Jupiter’s Trojan asteroids.

The L’Ralph instrument suite will study this diverse group

of bodies; Lucy will fly by six Trojans and one Main Belt

asteroid — more than any other previous asteroid mission.

L’Ralph will detect the Trojan asteroids’ chemical

fingerprints.

L’Ralph allows scientists to interpret data provided by the

Sun’s reflected light that are the fingerprints of different

elements and compounds. These data could provide clues

about how organic molecules form in primitive bodies, a

process that might also have led to the emergence of life

on Earth.

Scientists convert data from Mars sunrise to

musical piece

Scientists have created the soundtrack of the 5,000th Mars

sunrise captured by NASA’s robotic rover, Opportunity,

using data sonification techniques to create a two-minute

piece of music. Researchers created the piece of music by

scanning a picture from left to right, pixel by pixel, and

looking at brightness and colour information and

combining them with terrain elevation. They used

algorithms to assign each element a specific pitch and

melody. The quiet, slow harmonies are a consequence of

the dark background and the brighter, higher pitched

sounds towards the middle of the piece are created by the

sonification of the bright sun disk.

Opportunity is a robotic rover that has been providing

photographic data on Mars for NASA since 2004.

GSLV MkIII-D2 successfully launches GSAT-

29


India’s GSAT-29 communication satellite was

successfully launched by the second developmental flight

of Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle MarkIII

(GSLV MkIII-D2) from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre

(SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota.

GSLV MkIII-D2 lifted off from the Second Launch Pad

of SDSC SHAR carrying the 3423-kg GSAT-29 satellite.

About 17 minutes later, the vehicle injected the satellite

into the Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) as

planned.

GSLV Mk III is a three-stage heavy lift launch vehicle

developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation

(ISRO). Two massive boosters with solid propellant

constitute the first stage, the core with liquid propellant


form the second stage and the cryogenic engine completes

the final stage.

The GSLV Mk III is designed to launch satellites in the

4,000 kg category into space. India is currently dependent

on European launchers to put heavy satellites in space.

The GSAT Mk III is also the rocket designated for

ISRO’s second moon mission Chandrayaan 2 scheduled

for next year.

GSAT-29 is a multiband, multi-beam communication

satellite, intended to serve as test bed for several new and

critical technologies. Its Ku-band and Ka-band payloads

are configured to cater to the communication requirements

of users including those from remote areas especially

from Jammu & Kashmir and North-Eastern regions of

India.

The first successful mission of GSLV Mark III was an

experimental suborbital flight in 2014. Subsequently,

GSLV Mark III-D1 launched GSAT-19, a high

throughput communication satellite, with a lift-off mass of

3150 kg, into GTO on June 5, 2017.

Cold ‘super-Earth’ exoplanet discovered

orbiting nearby star

An international team of researchers have discovered a

cold super-Earth exoplanet orbiting around the red dwarf

Barnard — the second closest star system to Earth. The

new planet candidate, called Barnard’s star b (or GJ 699

b), is a super-Earth with a minimum of 3.2 Earth masses.

It orbits its red star every 233 days near the snow-line, a

distance where water freezes. Lacking atmosphere, its

temperature is likely to be about minus 170 degrees

Celsius, which makes it unlikely that the planet can

sustain liquid water on the surface.

Barnard’s star, which is just six light-years away, moves

in Earth’s night sky faster than any other star. It is smaller

and older than our Sun and is among the least active red

dwarfs known, so it represents an ideal target to search for

exoplanets.

Barnard's star b is the second closest known exoplanet to

our Sun. The closest lies just over four light-years from

Earth.

New discovery shows glass made from

exploding stars


An international team of scientists said that they had

detected silica — the main component of glass — in the

remnants of two distant supernovae billions of light years

from earth. Researchers used NASA’s Spitzer Space

Telescope to analyse the light emitted by the collapsing

mega-cluster and obtain silica’s “fingerprint” based on the

specific wavelength of light the material is known to emit.

A supernova occurs when a large star burns through its

own fuel, causing a catastrophic collapse ending in an

explosion of galactic proportions. It is in these celestial

maelstroms that individual atoms fuse together to form

many common elements, including sulphur and calcium.

Silica makes up around 60% of the earth’s crust and one

particular form, quartz, is a major ingredient of sand. As

well as glass windows and fibreglass, silica is also an

important part of the recipe for industrial concrete.

For the first time it hs been shown that the silica

produced by the supernovae was significant enough to

contribute to the dust throughout the Universe, including

the dust that ultimately came together to form our home

planet.

Bahrain likely to ink pact with ISRO for

training, research on space tech

The Bahrain government is likely to sign an agreement

with India early next year for cooperation in space

technology. The national science and space agency

(Bahrain) and ISRO will sign an MoU. It has been

approved by the Bahrain government and is in its final

stage.

The agreement will be mainly for training purposes and

both countries will cooperate on research and technology.


Bahrain is also looking to forge closer economic ties with

India to attract investment and tech companies.

NASA InSight Lander Arrives on Martian

Surface

(Image Source: Firstpost)

NASA's Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations,

Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) lander successfully

touched down on the Red Planet after an almost seven-

month, 300-million-mile (485-million-kilometer) journey

from Earth.

InSight's two-year mission will be to study the deep

interior of Mars to learn how all celestial bodies with

rocky surfaces, including Earth and the Moon, formed.

The landing signal was relayed to NASA's Jet Propulsion

Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California, via NASA's two

small experimental Mars Cube One (MarCO) CubeSats,

which launched on the same rocket as InSight and

followed the lander to Mars. They are the first CubeSats

sent into deep space. After successfully carrying out a

number of communications and in-flight navigation

experiments, the twin MarCOs were set in position to

receive transmissions during InSight's entry, descent and

landing.

InSight will study the interior of Mars and will teach

valuable science as will be prepared to send astronauts to

the Moon and later to Mars. nSight will operate on the

surface for one Martian year, plus 40 Martian days, or

sols, until Nov. 24, 2020. With InSight's landing at

Elysium Planitia, NASA has successfully soft-landed a

vehicle on the Red Planet eight times.

World’s first genetically edited babies created

in China

A Chinese researcher claims that he helped make the

world’s first genetically edited babies — twin girls born

this month whose DNA he said he altered with a powerful

new tool capable of rewriting the very blueprint of life. If

true, it would be a profound leap of science and ethics.

There is no independent confirmation of He’s claim, and

it has not been published in a journal, where it would be

vetted by other experts. He revealed it Monday in Hong

Kong to one of the organizers of an international

conference on gene editing and earlier in exclusive

interviews with The Associated Press.

He is expected to face criminal charges after a

government investigation found that he falsified ethical

review documents.

PSLV-C43 successfully launches HysIS and 30

customer satellites

The Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) Polar

Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C43) successfully

launched 31 satellites from Satish Dhawan Space Centre

(SDSC) in Sriharikota. ISRO has successfully launched

the PSLV-C43 mission that carried the HysIS satellite as

part of its payload. This was the 45th launch flight of the

polar satellite launch vehicle (PSLV) rocket.

Through PSLV-C43, ISRO has launched a total of 31

satellites with a combined payload of 641.5kg. India’s

Hyper-Spectral Imaging Satellite (HysIS) was injected

into the 645 km sun-synchronous polar orbit.

HysIS is an earth observation satellite built around

ISRO’s Mini Satellite-2 (IMS-2) bus weighing about

380kg. The mission life of the satellite is five years. The

primary goal of HysIS is to study the earth’s surface in

both the visible, near infrared and shortwave infrared

regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Data from the

satellite will be used for a wide range of applications

including agriculture, forestry, soil/geological

environments, coastal zones and inland waters, etc.

HysIS had the company of one micro and 29 nano-

satellites from eight countries, including Australia (1),

Canada (1), Columbia (1), Finland (1), Malaysia (1),

Netherlands (1), Spain (1) and USA (23). The total weight

of these satellites was about 261.50 kg. Satellites from Australia, Columbia, Malaysia and Spain were flown

aboard PSLV for the first time. These foreign satellites


launched are part of commercial arrangements between

Antrix Corporation Limited and customers.

PSLV is a four stage launch vehicle with a large solid

rocket motor forming the first stage, an earth storable

liquid stage as the second stage, a high performance solid

rocket motor as third stage and a liquid stage with engines

as fourth stage.

Information sources:

www.thehindu.com

bbc.co.uk

m.dailyhunt.in

www.business-standard.com

www.indianexpress.com

www.ndtv.com

www.business-standard.com

www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com

www.firstpost.com

www.financialexpress.com

The copyright of the images used in this magazine rests with the

respective sources.

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Seventeenth Edition December 2018 LAW Entrance Coach ... · Russia's Svetlana Khorkina. Bajrang Punia becomes world number one in 65 kg (Image Source: New Indian Express) Star Indian

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