Setting Breeding Objectives and Priorities - RTB-CGIAR · § Process perceived as being formal § Absence of many and essential formal elements. 13 Defining Markets. 14 Defining Markets

SettingBreedingObjectivesandPrioritiesMichelRagot

October2017

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SettingBreedingObjectivesandPriorities– Why?

§ The« ultimate »goalofbreeding:valuecreation§ Breedingbeforebreeders§ Theriseofbreedersandthecallforobjectives§ Modernityandthecryforpriorities

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StudyApproach

§ Generalsurvey(SurveyMonkey)– 110responses§ Casestudies– Fewresponses,moderatedepth§ Othersources

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GeneralSurveyResponses

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SurveyApproach

§ Agree/Disagree§ Testingoffacts’intensity§ Generalbiastowardsagreement

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Definitions– BreedingCustomers

§ Growers:individualsororganizationswhogrowplantsorraiseanimalswiththeaimofharvestingorcollectingoneormorespecificproducts(grain,wholeplant,tubers,milk,meat,wool,etc.).

§ Productchain:individualsororganizationswhotakeproductsharvestedorcollectedbygrowers,possiblytransformthem(althoughnotnecessarily),andprovidethemtoend-useconsumers.Insomecases,growerscanalsobeconsideredasproductchain.

§ End-useconsumers:individualsororganizationswhouseproductsforfood,feed,orenergy.Insomecases,growerscanalsobeconsideredasend-useconsumers.

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Definitions– Markets

§ Marketsegment:ageographicareaoragroupofpeoplehavingarelativelyhomogeneousdemandforacommodity(herecropvarietiesoranimalbreeds).Thepopulationofuserswhomakeupamarketsegmentmayallbelocatedinasingleagro-ecologyorthispopulationmaybedistributedacrossseveraldifferentagro-ecologies.Theextenttowhichanagro-ecologyandamarketsegmentcoincidewilldependontheextenttowhichuserdemand(preferences)forabreedingproductaredeterminedbyclimate,soilsandland-useconstraints.

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Definitions– Products

§ Productprofile:setoftargetedattributeswhichanewplantvarietyoranimalbreedisexpectedtomeettobereleasedontoamarketsegment.Attributesmustbeunderstoodastraitswithaspecificvalue,thisvaluebeingdefinedeitherinabsoluteorrelativeterms.Forinstance,aproductprofilemaylistgrainyield(11tons/hectareormore),ortolerancetodownymildew(sameasorbetterthanvarietyX),totaloilcontent(nolessthanvarietyY).

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ConnectingNeedsandActions

§ Processperceivedasbeingformal§ Absenceofmanyandessentialformalelements

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DefiningMarkets

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DefiningMarkets

§ Mostdataisqualitative

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DefiningMarkets

§ Heavyrelianceoninternalsources

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DefiningMarkets

§ Heavyrelianceoninternalsources

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DefiningMarkets

§ Precisemarketanalysesnotgeneralized.§ Nospecificmarketdatasources/exampleshave

beenprovided.§ Marketknowledgeoften“collected”directlyby

breedersthroughinteractionswithmarketactors(growers,chain,end-users),especiallyinsmallerorganizations.

§ Marketdefinitionchargedtomarketinggroupsinlargerorganizations.

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MarketSegmentsandSocio-EconomicClasses

§ Relativelyhomogeneousapproachacrossorganizationtypes

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MarketSegmentsandSocio-EconomicClasses

§ NorthAmerica,leastconcernedbysocio-economicsegmentation

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MarketSegmentsandGender

§ Tremendousdifferencebetweenpublicandprivateorganizations

§ Mostlyapublic“concern”

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MarketSegmentsandGender

§ Hugevariationacrossregions(headquarters)§ MostlyanAfrican“concern”§ Almostignoredinthedevelopedworld

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FromMarkettoBreeding– ProductProfiles

§ Slightlystrongerinprivatethanpublicorganizations§ Perceptionmostlikelyaheadofreality

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§ Slightlysimplerobjectivesinpublicthaninprivateorganizations

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FromMarkettoBreeding– ProductProfilesTrait Reference Priority Selection Objective Desired Impact

Yield Check1+5% 1 Maximize 3

Lodging resistance <20% 2 Reach threshold 2

Plant height 90-110 2 Reach threshold 7

Maturity Early 3 Reach threshold 9

Protein content >7.5% 1 Maximize 1

Oil content Check2 3 Reach threshold 10

Fiber content >=Check3 2 Reach threshold 5

Mildew resistance Resistant 2 Maximize 8

Virus resistance >Check4 1 Reach threshold 4

Smut resistance Intermediate 3 Opportunistic 11

Drought tolerance Check5 2 Opportunistic 6

Al soil tolerance Moderate 3 Opportunistic 12

§ Marketdemands1. Must-have; 2. Important; 3. Nice to have

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§ Breedingopportunities1. Must-have; 2. Important; 3. Nice to have

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BreedingandTraits

(1) Plant Breeding: Past, Present, and Future. TM Crosbie et al. (2006) Plant Breeding (1)

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§ Strategy1. Must-have; 2. Important; 3. Nice to have

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§ Hugediversityinwhatisunderstoodbyproductprofile(andresultingdocuments)

§ Productprofilesarenotbreedingstrategieso Lackcurrentperformancecontexto Lacktermeddecisions

§ Strategiesoftenundeterminedordeterminedbynonvaluecreation-drivenelements

§ Bewareofchangingmarketdemands

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TraitPrioritization

§ Moredirectinvolvementofallstakeholdersinpublicthaninprivatebreedingprograms

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Decision-Making

§ Oftenbreeder,alone§ Cropteamswithrepresentativesfrommarketing,

development,breeding

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TraitPrioritization

§ Growersareastrongfocusforallregions

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TraitPrioritization

§ End-consumersaremostimportantforprogramsbasedinAfricaandLatinAmerica

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TraitPrioritization

§ Socio-economicfactorsmostlytakenintoaccountindevelopingcountries

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TraitPrioritization

§ Realityoftenquitedifferentfromintentions§ Tremendousimpactofoperationalconstraints

o Earlybreedingstageso Latebreedingstages

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TraitPrioritization

§ Unresolvedcomplexityoftenleadstolackofdemonstrablegainso Selectionindices

§ Prioritizationbasedonvaluecreationo Increasedgrowingarea(“marketshare”)o Increasedincome

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MarketsandTypesofVarieties

§ Significantdifferencesbetweenpublicandprivateorganizations

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BreedingTechnologiesandApproaches

§ Significantdifferencesbetweenpublicandprivateorganizations

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ConsiderationforGender

§ Ofallthefactorsthatwerepresented,genderistheleasttakenintoconsideration,overall

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Conclusions&Learnings

§ Settingbreedingobjectivesandprioritiesalmostunanimouslyrecognizedasdesirable/goodpractice

§ Factsoftenlaggingbehindintentions§ Numerous“parasitic”elements/constraints

o Changingmarket“pull”o Operationalconstraints

§ Mostsuccessfulbreedingprogramsgenerallyhad/haveclearandpersistentobjectivesandpriorities

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Conclusions&Learnings

§ Notobvious/certainiftherearebestpractices

§ Marketknowledge§ Realisticambition§ Significantimprovements/deliveries

Setting Breeding Objectives and Priorities - RTB-CGIAR · § Process perceived as being formal § Absence of many and essential formal elements. 13 Defining Markets. 14 Defining Markets

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