Session One: Phrases & Clauses Grammar Boot Camp Presents… Click your mouse to start!
Jan 17, 2016
Session One:Phrases & Clauses
Grammar Boot Camp
Presents…
Click your mouse to start!
This workshop will teach you to…
– Identify & Write Phrases– Identify & Write Clauses
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Phrases
Q: What is a phrase? A: A phrase is a group of related words
NOT containing a subject or a verb.
Subject Verb
Phrases
Prepositional Infinitive Participial Gerund
Group of Related Words
Types of Phrases:
Begins with a signal word: either a preposition, an infinitive, a participle or a gerund
May be followed by a modifier: “the” or “a”
Includes an object: noun or pronoun
Prepositional Phrase
Begins with a preposition: about above across after around
at before behind below by
down for from in inside
into near of off on
outside over since through to
under until up upon with
Prepositional Phrase
The cadets marched through the woods.
Everyone in the class wrote an essay.
preposition
modifier
object
prepositionmodifier object
Practice Pause…
Identify the prepositional phrases in the sentences below:
1. The playful puppy ran around the yard.
2. My shoes are in the back of the closet.
3. The students listened with great interest.
Practice Pause…
Identify the prepositional phrases in the sentences below:
1. The playful puppy ran around the yard.
2. My shoes are in the back of the closet.
3. The students listened with great interest.
KEYKEY
Infinitive Phrase
Begins with “to” + verb:
“to run”“to see”“to talk”
Infinitive Phrase
To exercise every day is a good habit.
I was relieved to finish my project.
infinitive
infinitive
modifier
modifier
object
object
Participial Phrase
Begins with a verb ending in “-ed,” “-en,” or “-ing”
“stopped”“chosen”“going”
Participial Phrase
Jerry, carrying the suitcases, helped his Mom out of the taxi cab.
Known for her patience, Mrs. Garcia was his favorite teacher.
modifier objectparticiple
participle
modifiersobject
Practice Pause…
Identify the participial phrases in the sentences below:
1. Being an excellent cook, Ryan hosted the dinner party.
2. Anne strolled down the path lined with roses.
3. The soda, frozen by the ice, was impossible to drink.
Practice Pause…
Identify the participial phrases in the sentences below:
1. Being an excellent cook, Ryan hosted the dinner party.
2. Anne strolled down the path lined with roses.
3. The soda, frozen by the ice, was impossible to drink.
KEYKEY
Gerund Phrase
Begins with a verb ending in “-ing”
“giving”“reading”“writing”
Gerund Phrase
Marching in unison builds teamwork.
Alice enjoys taking afternoon classes.
gerund
modifier
object
modifierobject
gerund
Clauses
Q: What is a clause?A: A group of related words containing
a subject and verb.
Subject Verb
Clauses
Independent Dependent
Group of Related Words with a Subject and Verb
Types of Clauses:
Independent Clause
Contains a subject and a verb
Can stand alone
Independent Clause
Del Mar is a community college.
The SWC offers many services.
subjectverb
subject verb
Can Stand Alone
Can Stand Alone
Practice Pause…
Identify the subject and verb of the following Independent Clauses:
1. I walk my dog every day.
2. Zeke hit his thumb with a hammer.
3. The politician gave three speeches today.
Practice Pause…
Identify the subject and verb of the following Independent Clauses:
1. I walk my dog every day.
2. Zeke hit his thumb with a hammer.
3. The politician gave three speeches today.
KEYKEY
Dependent ClauseContains a subject and a verb
Cannot stand alone
Begins with a signal word—
after although as
because before if
since until when
who whom whose
whoever whomever
whosever
what what which
Subordinating Conjunctions Relative Pronouns
Dependent Clause
Because the student prepared for the exam
The uniform that I am required to wear
signal wordsubject
verb
signal word
subject
verb
Cannot Stand Alone
Cannot Stand Alone
Practice Pause…Identify the Dependent Clauses below:
1. Because he is a teacher, he travels during the summer.
2. As the player scored the winning goal, the crowd burst into cheer.
3. The book that I read is inspirational.
Practice Pause…Identify the Dependent Clauses in the
sentences below:
1. Because he is a teacher, he travels during the summer.
2. As the player scored the winning goal, the crowd burst into cheer.
3. The book that I read is inspirational.
KEYKEY
Congratulations!
You have successfully completed Session One of
Grammar Boot Camp!For more information on Phrases & Clauses, visit a friendly, professional tutor
at the Stone Writing Center.
SW 104, East Campus 698-1364 www.delmar.edu/engl/wrtctr