Session 3 Process and organize data 1. Terminology 2 For a list of computer and internet terminology, please see the.

Session 3Process and organize data

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http://www.sharpened.net/glossary/

For a list of computer and internet terminology, please see the following website:

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All computers collect data and process this data into the required information. The process that the computer uses to produce the information is the operating cycle.

Four elements in the operating cycle:

Input Processing Storage Output

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The Operating Cycle

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This is the process of getting data into the

computer. In the Hospitality and leisure Industry everything is concerned with the cost and time involved with this element.

Common Input devices

Keyboard Numerical Key Pad

MouseVoice input

Microphone Bluetooth

Bar code readerScanner

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Input DevicesHow would you categorise the input method

for the IPOD Touch / Iphone ?

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•This is the manipulation of the data into information.

•The CPU (central processing unit) executes computer instructions.

•The memory holds data and programs temporarily.

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Processing is the thinking that the computer does –

1. the calculations, 2. comparisons, 3. decisions. What you see and hear and touch and

feel is input. (WYSIWYG*)*What You See Is What You Get used in

COMPUTING to describe a system in which content displayed during editing appears very similar to the final output, which might be a printed document, web page, slide presentation or even the lighting for a theatrical event.

HOW COMPUTERS PROCESSModern computers are digital, that is, all info

is stored as a string of

zeros or ones - off or on.

All the thinking in the computer is done by manipulating these digits. The concept is simple, but working it all out gets complicated.

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1 1 bitbit = one on or off = one on or off positionposition

1 1 bytebyte = 8 bits = 8 bits

As there are two choices for he each bit there are 256 unique sets of codes or characters that the computer can store.Every character occupies one byte of storage space.

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ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) - a digital circuit that performs arithmetic and logical operations. The ALU is a fundamental building block of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer, and even the simplest microprocessors contain one for purposes such as maintaining timers.

Control Unit

Control Unit is the part of the computer that controls the Machine Cycle. It takes numerous cycles to do even a simple addition of two numbers.

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The Machine CycleFetch -get an instruction from Main

MemoryDecode -translate it into computer

commandsExecute -actually process the commandStore -write the result to Main Memory

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•Output is useable information - that is, raw input data that has been processed by the computer into information. The most common forms are words, numbers and graphics.

•When a character is typed on the keyboard the output is shown on the screen. Reports are also classed as output.

•Egs: screens,printers

Types of Output Hard copy: printed on paper or other permanent

media

Soft copy: displayed on screen or by other non

permanent means

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Want to know more?http://

www.jegsworks.com/Lessons/lesson4/lesson4-4.htm

Computer Basics site

ACTIVITY!READ IT NOW

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