Session 19_Lucy Waruingi

Introduction

Presented by: Lucy WARUINGI

Authors: Lucy Waruingi, David Western, Jeff Worden, John Kamanga, Godfrey Masinde

African Conservation Centre, Nairobi. KENYA

Approaches for CBA in Pastoral communities

5th International Conference on Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change, Dhaka

Bangladesh. March 2011

The South Rift

Principle of Co-existence

We do not inherit the land from our ancestors, we borrow it from our

children

- Maasai Proverb

Outline

1. Pastoralism, coexistence

2. Vulnerability of the rangelands

3. Building adaptive capacity • Rangeland resilience - Productivity• Pastoral livelihoods - Diversification• Local institutions - Governance

4. From Pilot to Practice

Semi-arid savannah landscape with a livestock driven economy in low rainfall zone (<250mm p.a.)

1.Mobility - The Maasai move their livestock through seasonal migrations and habitat selection.

2.Coexistence with wildlife – Maasai traditionally viewed wildlife as their second cattle

Pastoral livelihoods

The modern challenges of:1. Sedenterization2. Fragmented landscapes 3. Reduced mobility 4. Grazing pressure. 5. Landuse 6. Climate Change

Vulnerability of Rangelands

Land Use

Climate

Change

Human Population

Environmental Drivers

Building Adaptive Capacity

Rangeland Resilience

Pastoral Livelihoods

Local Institutions

Building Adaptive Capacity

Rangeland Resilience• Establishing grass banks

• Reafforestation

• Resource use planning

• Improved cattle breeds

• Indigenous knowledge to support

traditional systems of grazing and

pasture management

Building Adaptive Capacity

Pastoral LivelihoodsInnovative conservation mechanisms that provide financial incentives

•Ecotourism businessesLodges and campsCultural home staysBeadwork

•Research tourism•Bio-enterprises: bee keeping, aloe plantations

•Energy saving stove (one-kuni)This has resulted in increased biodiversity, enhanced the value of ecosystem services and diversified incomes of pastoral communities

Building Adaptive Capacity

Local Institutions

1. To build ownership and sustainability of programs2. To ensure equitable sharing of resources3. For accountability and transparency4. For engaging with stakeholders and partners

-- SORALO – South Rift Association of LandOwners and their local leadership who oversee the developments in communally owned group ranches and an action-by-doing approach

-- Local government

Local Institutions

Community Resource Centres- Integrated learning1. Formation of Community Learning networks –

knowledge exchange, data/information storage and exchange

2. Community Resource Assessors – the resource owners are the investigators

3. Community based Science – what information does the community want

Moving Forward....

From PILOT to PRACTICE

Geographic scale –to create adequate grass banks, improved breeds to support the livestock base Governance -- Form the communities into co-operatives (scaling up from associations),to ensure that proper benefit sharing mechanisms are established and extension servicesKnowledge – two way process to enable integration of scientific and local true-tested knowledge and practiceMarket access – link up with established outlets for uptakeof tourism, livestock and bio-enterprise products developedPractice to Policy – engaging local govt and central govt

Resilience of land enhanced adaptive capacity of pastoral livelihoods

THANK YOU