Server Debian Lenny

l i n u x o p e n s o u r c e

2010

Modul Admin Server Debian Lenny

By Arafat

SMK Telkom Sandhy Putra Banjarbaru

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Konfigurasi IP Address dan Hostname pada DEBIAN LENNY

Untuk konfigurasi IP Address dari mode teks dapat dilakukan dengan cara.

#cd /etc/network

#gedit interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system

# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface

allow-hotplug eth0

iface eth0 inet static

address 192.168.1.1

netmask 255.255.255.0

network 192.168.1.0

broadcast 192.168.1.255

gateway 192.168.1.1

# dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if

installed

dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1

dns-search net

#jika Anda mengcopy file VDI dari virtualbox maka tambahkan konfigurasi IP

dengan eth1 di baris berikut, karena otomatis akan dikenali sebagai eth1.

Sedangkan eth0 tidak akan dibaca.

iface eth1 inet static

address 192.168.1.1

netmask 255.255.255.0

gateway 192.168.1.1

auto eth1

untuk mengganti hostname dari mode teks dapat dilakukan dengan cara berikut:

#gedit /etc/hostname

Selanjutnya tinggal mengganti hostname nya.

Jangan lupa untuk mereload ulang konfigurasi IP address dan hostname dengan perintah:

#/etc/init.d/networking force-reload

Jika masih belum berubah restart lagi service networknya dengan perintah:

#/etc/init.d/networking restart

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Konfigurasi IP address dengan mode GUI

Dari menu System Administration Network

Kemudian klik tombol properties untuk merubah konfigurasi IP Address

Hilangkan tanda Centang pada Enable roaming mode dan pada Configuration pilih Static IP address.

Konfigurasi Hostname dari mode GUI

Klik tab General untuk merubah hostname

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Jangan lupa untuk mereload ulang konfigurasi IP address dan hostname dengan perintah:


Jika masih belum berubah restart lagi service networknya dengan perintah:


Sampai disini seharusnya konfigurasi IP Address dan Hostname sudah dapat berjalan dengan baik.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

INSTALASI DAN KONFIGURASI DHCP SERVER

Sebelum mengkonfigurasi DHCP Server, install terlebih dahulu paket dhcp3-server . Masukan DVD

Linux Debian Lenny kedalam DVD-ROM.

Masuk kedalam user root dengan mengetikan perintah su dan masukan password user root :

$su

password:

cek IP Address server dan hostname linux dengan mengetikanperintah:

#ifconfig

#hostname

Catat berapa IP Address nya dan hostname nya.

Sebelum melakukan konfigurasi dhcp server, maka Anda harus menginstall paketnya terlebih

dahulu.

Cek apakah paket dhcp3-server sudah terinstall. Perintahnya Adela :

#dpkg -l |grep dhpc3-server

Perintah diatas Adela untuk mencari query program yang mengandung kata dhcp3-server, jika telah

terinstall maka yang muncul Adalah:

Ii dhcp3-server 3.1.1-6 DHCP Server

#apt-cdrom add

#apt-get install dhcp3-server

KONFIGURASI DHCP Server

Backup terlebih dahulu file dhcpd.conf dengan perintah :

#cp /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf.bak

Buka file dhcpd.conf didalam direktori /etc/dhcp3 dengan perintah :

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By Arafat, S.Kom

#gedit /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf

Kemudian cari baris berikut, sesuaikan dengan konfigurasi server kita.

Contoh script file dhcpd.conf

# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd for Debian

#

# $Id: dhcpd.conf,v 1.1.1.1 2002/05/21 00:07:44 peloy Exp $

#

# The ddns-updates-style parameter controls whether or not the server will

# attempt to do a DNS update when a lease is confirmed. We default to the

# behavior of the version 2 packages ('none', since DHCP v2 didn't

# have support for DDNS.)

ddns-update-style none;

# option definitions common to all supported networks...

option domain-name "example.org";

option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;

default-lease-time 600;

max-lease-time 7200;

# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local

# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.

#authoritative;

# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also

# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).

log-facility local7;

# No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the

# DHCP server to understand the network topology.

#subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

#}

# This is a very basic subnet declaration.

#subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {

# range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20;

# option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org;

#}

# This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,

# which we don't really recommend.

#subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 {

# range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60;

# option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31;

# option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org;

#}

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

#subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {

# range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;

# option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;

# option domain-name "internal.example.org";

# option routers 10.5.5.1;

# option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;

# default-lease-time 600;

# max-lease-time 7200;

#}

# Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in

# host statements. If no address is specified, the address will be

# allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information

# will still come from the host declaration.

#host passacaglia {

# hardware ethernet 0:0:c0:5d:bd:95;

# filename "vmunix.passacaglia";

# server-name "toccata.fugue.com";

#}

# Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts. These addresses

# should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment.

# Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using

# BOOTP or DHCP. Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only

# be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet

# to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag

# set.

#host fantasia {

# hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;

# fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com;

#}

# You can declare a class of clients and then do address allocation

# based on that. The example below shows a case where all clients

# in a certain class get addresses on the 10.17.224/24 subnet, and all

# other clients get addresses on the 10.0.29/24 subnet.

#class "foo" {

# match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW";

#}

#shared-network 224-29 {

# subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

# option routers rtr-224.example.org;

# }

# subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

# option routers rtr-29.example.org;

# }

# pool {

# allow members of "foo";

# range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;

# }

# pool {

# deny members of "foo";

# range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;

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By Arafat, S.Kom

# }

#}

Ubah teks yang bertanda bold dan italic di sesuaikan dengan konfigurasi server kita, misalnya seperi

dibawah:

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.15;

option domain-name-servers smktelkom.sch.id;

option domain-name "192.168.1.1";

# option routers 10.5.5.1;

option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;

default-lease-time 600;

max-lease-time 7200;

}

Kemudian star atau restart service dari dhcp server dengan mengunakan perintah:

#/etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart

Stoping DHCP server :dhcpd3.

Starting DHCP server : dhcpd3.

Jika tidak muncul pesan, maka kemungkinan konfigurasi dhcp server telah berhasil. Untuk melihat

hasilnya maka atur IP Address di windows XP menjadi Obtain by DHCP.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

KONFIGURASI DNS SERVER

Cek apakah paket bind9 sudah terinstall dengan perintah :

#dpkg -l |grep bind9

Jika sudah terinstall selanjutnya melakukan konfigurasi file named.conf.

Konfigurasi DNS Server

Backup terlebih dahulu file named.conf.

#cd /etc/bind

#cp named.conf. named.conf.bak

#gedit named.conf

File named.conf

// This is the primary configuration file for the BIND DNS server named.

//

// Please read /usr/share/doc/bind9/README.Debian.gz for information on the

// structure of BIND configuration files in Debian, *BEFORE* you customize

// this configuration file.

//

// If you are just adding zones, please do that in

/etc/bind/named.conf.local

include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options";

// prime the server with knowledge of the root servers

zone "." {

type hint;

file "/etc/bind/db.root";

};

// be authoritative for the localhost forward and reverse zones, and for

// broadcast zones as per RFC 1912

zone "localhost" {

type master;

file "/etc/bind/db.local";

};

zone "127.in-addr.arpa" {

type master;

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By Arafat, S.Kom

file "/etc/bind/db.127";

};


type master;


};


type master;


};

include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local";

tambahkan konfigurasi untuk domain smktelkom.sch.id dan telkom.co.id pada baris terakhir diatas

include, seperti terlihat pada script dibawah.

zone "smktelkom.sch.id" {

type master;

file "/etc/bind/db.smktelkom";

};

zone "telkom.co.id" {

type master;

file "/etc/bind/db.telkom";

};

zone "1.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {

type master;


};

// This is the primary configuration file for the BIND DNS server named.

//

// Please read /usr/share/doc/bind9/README.Debian.gz for information on the

// structure of BIND configuration files in Debian, *BEFORE* you customize

// this configuration file.

//

// If you are just adding zones, please do that in

/etc/bind/named.conf.local

include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options";

// prime the server with knowledge of the root servers

zone "." {

type hint;

file "/etc/bind/db.root";

};

// be authoritative for the localhost forward and reverse zones, and for

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By Arafat, S.Kom

// broadcast zones as per RFC 1912

zone "localhost" {

type master;

file "/etc/bind/db.local";

};


type master;


};


type master;


};


type master;


};

zone "smktelkom.sch.id" {

type master;

file "/etc/bind/db.smktelkom";

};

zone "telkom.co.id" {

type master;

file "/etc/bind/db.telkom";

};

zone "1.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {

type master;


};

include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local";

file db.smktelkom

;

; BIND data file for local loopback interface

;

$TTL 604800

@ IN SOA smktelkom.sch.id. root.smktelkom.sch.id. (

2 ; Serial

604800 ; Refresh

86400 ; Retry

2419200 ; Expire

604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL

;

@ IN NS smktelkom.sch.id.

@ IN MX 10 mail.smktelkom.sch.id.

@ IN A 192.168.1.1

www IN A 192.168.1.1

mail IN A 192.168.1.1

ftp IN A 192.168.1.1

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By Arafat, S.Kom

file db.telkom.co.id

;


;

$TTL 604800


2 ; Serial

604800 ; Refresh

86400 ; Retry

2419200 ; Expire


;

@ IN NS telkom.co.id.

@ IN A 192.168.1.1

www IN A 192.168.1.1

file db.192

;


;

$TTL 604800


2 ; Serial

604800 ; Refresh

86400 ; Retry

2419200 ; Expire


;

@ IN NS 192.168.1.1

IN PTR www.smktelkom.sch.id.

IN PTR www.telkom.co.id.

Edit file resolve.conf

#gedit /etc/resolv.conf

search 192.168.1.1

nameserver smktelkom.sch.id

Restart service bind dengan menggunakan perintah

#/etc/init.d/bind9 restart

Jalankan perintah nslookup dan dig untuk mengecek apakah konfigurasi DNS telah berjalan.

#nslookup www.smktelkom.sch.id

Server: 192.168.1.1

Address: 192.168.1.1#53

Name: www.smktelkom.sch.id

Address: 192.168.1.1

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By Arafat, S.Kom

#dig www.smktelkom.sch.id

; DiG 9.5.1-P1 www.smktelkom.sch.id

;; global options: printcmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER

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By Arafat, S.Kom

FTP SERVER

Instalasi FTP Server

Install terlebih dahulu paket proftpd

#apt-get install proftpd

Pada pilihan yang muncul pilih Stand Alone

Konfigurasi FTP SERVER

Masuk kedalam direktori /etc/proftpd

#cd /etc/proftpd

#cp proftpd.conf proftpd.conf.bak

Edit file proftpd.conf yang di bold menjadi seperti script dibawah:

# /etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf -- This is a basic ProFTPD configuration file.

# To really apply changes reload proftpd after modifications.

#

# Includes DSO modules

Include /etc/proftpd/modules.conf

# Set off to disable IPv6 support which is annoying on IPv4 only boxes.

UseIPv6 off

# If set on you can experience a longer connection delay in many cases.

IdentLookups off

ServerName "smktelkom.sch.id"

ServerType standalone

DeferWelcome off

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By Arafat, S.Kom

MultilineRFC2228 on

DefaultServer on

ShowSymlinks on

TimeoutNoTransfer 600

TimeoutStalled 600

TimeoutIdle 1200

DisplayLogin welcome.msg

DisplayChdir .message true

ListOptions "-l"

DenyFilter \*.*/

# Use this to jail all users in their homes

# DefaultRoot ~

# Users require a valid shell listed in /etc/shells to login.

# Use this directive to release that constrain.

# RequireValidShell off

# Port 21 is the standard FTP port.

Port 21

# In some cases you have to specify passive ports range to by-pass

# firewall limitations. Ephemeral ports can be used for that, but

# feel free to use a more narrow range.

PassivePorts 30000 30100

# If your host was NATted, this option is useful in order to

# allow passive tranfers to work. You have to use your public

# address and opening the passive ports used on your firewall as well.

# MasqueradeAddress 1.2.3.4

# This is useful for masquerading address with dynamic IPs:

# refresh any configured MasqueradeAddress directives every 8 hours

# DynMasqRefresh 28800

# To prevent DoS attacks, set the maximum number of child processes

# to 30. If you need to allow more than 30 concurrent connections

# at once, simply increase this value. Note that this ONLY works

# in standalone mode, in inetd mode you should use an inetd server

# that allows you to limit maximum number of processes per service

# (such as xinetd)

MaxInstances 30

# Set the user and group that the server normally runs at.

User proftpd

Group nogroup

# Umask 022 is a good standard umask to prevent new files and dirs

# (second parm) from being group and world writable.

Umask 022 022

# Normally, we want files to be overwriteable.

AllowOverwrite on

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# Uncomment this if you are using NIS or LDAP via NSS to retrieve

passwords:

# PersistentPasswd off

# This is required to use both PAM-based authentication and local passwords

# AuthOrder mod_auth_pam.c* mod_auth_unix.c

# Be warned: use of this directive impacts CPU average load!

# Uncomment this if you like to see progress and transfer rate with ftpwho

# in downloads. That is not needed for uploads rates.

#

# UseSendFile off

TransferLog /var/log/proftpd/xferlog

SystemLog /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log

QuotaEngine off

Ratios off

# Delay engine reduces impact of the so-called Timing Attack described in

# http://security.lss.hr/index.php?page=details&ID=LSS-2004-10-02

# It is on by default.

DelayEngine on

ControlsEngine off

ControlsMaxClients 2

ControlsLog /var/log/proftpd/controls.log

ControlsInterval 5

ControlsSocket /var/run/proftpd/proftpd.sock

AdminControlsEngine off

#

# Alternative authentication frameworks

#

#Include /etc/proftpd/ldap.conf

#Include /etc/proftpd/sql.conf

#

# This is used for FTPS connections

#

#Include /etc/proftpd/tls.conf

# A basic anonymous configuration, no upload directories.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

User ftp

Group nogroup

# # We want clients to be able to login with "anonymous" as well as "ftp"

UserAlias anonymous ftp

# # Cosmetic changes, all files belongs to ftp user

DirFakeUser on ftp

DirFakeGroup on ftp

#

RequireValidShell off

#

# # Limit the maximum number of anonymous logins

MaxClients 10

#

# # We want 'welcome.msg' displayed at login, and '.message' displayed

# # in each newly chdired directory.

DisplayLogin welcome.msg

DisplayChdir .message

#

# # Limit WRITE everywhere in the anonymous chroot

AllowAll

#

# # Uncomment this if you're brave.

# #

# # # Umask 022 is a good standard umask to prevent new files and dirs

# # # (second parm) from being group and world writable.

# # Umask 022 022

# #

# # DenyAll

# #

# #

# # AllowAll

# #

# #

#

Restart service proftpd

#/etc/init.d/proftpd restart

Menjalankan Layanan FTP

Untuk mencek apakah FTP sudah berjalan dengan benar, buka browser di linux kemudian ketikan

pada url dengan ftp://smktelkom.sch.id , dan ftp://[email protected]

Maka seharusnya yang tampil adalah seperti pada gambar.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Gambar tampilan dengan anonymous

Gambar tampilan authentifikasi user dengan password

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By Arafat, S.Kom

MAIL SERVER

Instalasi paket mysql-server dan php5-mysql

#apt-get install mysql-server php5-mysql

Silahkan isi password untuk mysql

Ulangi dengan password yang sama

Instalasi Postfix, courier-imap, courier-pop dan squirrelmail

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Instal paket yang dibutuhkan untuk Mail Server

#apt-get install postfix

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By Arafat, S.Kom

#apt-get install courier-imap

#apt-get install courier-pop

#apt-get install squirrelmail

Buat direktori untuk mailserver dengan perintah

#maildirmake /etc/skel/Maildir

Kemudian buat dua (2) user baru untuk account email dengan perintah:

#adduser user1

Adding user ùser1' ...

Adding new group ùser1' (1001) ...

Adding new user ùser1' (1001) with group ùser1' ...

Creating home directory `/home/user1' ...

Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...

Enter new UNIX password:

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: password updated successfully

Changing the user information for user1

Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default

Full Name []: user1

Room Number []:

Work Phone []:

Home Phone []:

Other []:

Is the information correct? [Y/n] y

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By Arafat, S.Kom

#adduser user2

Adding user ùser2' ...

Adding new group ùser2' (1002) ...

Adding new user ùser2' (1002) with group ùser2' ...

Creating home directory `/home/user2' ...

Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...

Enter new UNIX password:

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: password updated successfully

Changing the user information for user2

Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default

Full Name []: user2

Room Number []:

Work Phone []:

Home Phone []:

Other []:

Is the information correct? [Y/n] y

Konfigurasi ulang postfix dengan perintah :

#dpkg-reconfigure postfix

Pilih Internet Site

Pada System mail name isi dengan smktelkom.sch.id

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Pada root dan postmaster mail resepient biarkan kosong seperti pada gambar

Biarkan apa adanya seperti pada gambar di bawah

Pada pilihan Force synchronous update on mail queue? Pilih No

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Pada local network tambahkan IP address Server linux beserta netmask prefixnya missal nya

dengan 192.168.1.1/24 dan hapus konfigurasi untuk IPv6

Pade Use procmail for local delivery ? pilih No

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Pada Mailbox size limit (bytes): biarkan apa adanya.

Pada Local address extention character: biarkan apa adanya.

Pada Internet protocol to use: pilih ipv4.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Konfigurasi main.cf

Jangan lupa di backup terlebih dahulu.

#gedit /etc/postfix/main.cf

Tambahkan script berikut pada baris terakhir :

Home_mailbox = Maildir/

# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete

version

# Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first

# line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default

# is /etc/mailname.

#myorigin = /etc/mailname

smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU)

biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.

append_dot_mydomain = no

# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings

#delay_warning_time = 4h

readme_directory = no

# TLS parameters

smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem

smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key

smtpd_use_tls=yes

smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache

smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache

# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for

# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.

myhostname = smktelkom.sch.id

alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases

alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases

myorigin = /etc/mailname

mydestination = smktelkom.sch.id, localhost.sch.id, , localhost

relayhost =

mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 192.168.1.1/24

mailbox_command =

mailbox_size_limit = 0

recipient_delimiter = +

inet_interfaces = all

inet_protocols = ipv4

home_mailbox = Maildir/

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By Arafat, S.Kom

restart ulang service postfix, courier-imap dan courier-pop

#/etc/init.d/postfix restart

#/etc/init.d/courier-imap restart

#/etc/init.d/courier-pop restart

Konfigurasi Squirrelmail

Ketikan diterminal dengan squirrelmail-configure

# squirrelmail-configure

Pada command >> ketikan 2 tekan enter.

Pada command >> ketikan 1 tekan enter

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Kemudian isi dengan hostname yaitu smktelkm.sch.id dan tekan enter.

Pada command >> ketikan A tekan enter

Pada command >> ketikan A tekan enter

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Kemudian pilih server imap yang kita gunakan yauitu courier.

Ketikan courier dan tekan enter.

Pada command >> ketikan S dan tekan enter untuk menyimpan semua konfigurasi

squirrelmail.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

WEB SERVER

Konfigurasi virtual hosting

Masuk kedalam direktori

#cd /etc/apache2/sites-available

#cp default smktelkom

#gedit smktelkom

NameVirtualHost www.smktelkom.sch.id:80

ServerAdmin [email protected]

ServerName smktelkom.sch.id

DocumentRoot /var/www/smktelkom

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

allow from all

ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/

AllowOverride None

Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log

# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,

# alert, emerg.

LogLevel warn

CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined

Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"

Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Order deny,allow

Deny from all

Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128

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By Arafat, S.Kom

#cp default mail.smktelkom

#gedit mail.smktelkom



ServerName mail.smktelkom.sch.id

DocumentRoot /usr/share/squirrelmail


AllowOverride None


AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

allow from all


AllowOverride None


Order allow,deny

Allow from all



# alert, emerg.

LogLevel warn




AllowOverride None

Order deny,allow

Deny from all

Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128

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By Arafat, S.Kom

#cp default telkom

#gedit telkom



ServerName telkom.co.id

DocumentRoot /var/www/telkom


AllowOverride None


AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

allow from all


AllowOverride None


Order allow,deny

Allow from all



# alert, emerg.

LogLevel warn




AllowOverride None

Order deny,allow

Deny from all

Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128

Aktifkan ketiga buah virtual hosting yang telah dibuat dengan perintah:

#a2ensite smktelkom

#a2ensite mail.smktelkom

#a2ensite telkom

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Kemudian reload dan restart konfigurasi apache dengan perintah:

#/etc/init.d/apache2 reload

#/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Buat folder untuk web www.smktelkom.sch.id dan www.telkom.co.id dengan perintah :

#cd /var/www/

#mkdir smktelkom

#mkdir telkom

Buat file index untuk web www.telkom.co.id

#cd /var/www/telkom

#gedit index.html

:.www.telkom.co.id.:

Selamat dating di web www.telkom.co.id

Web undercontructions

[email protected]

Untuk web www.smktelkom.sch.id menggunakan wordpress.

Persiapan yang harus dilakukan adalah:

Install paket ssh yang diperlukan untuk meremote dan mengirim file dari windows

Membuat database wordpress yang digunakan untuk database wordpress.

Mengatur permission direktori /var/www/smktelkom .

Upload file wordpress dengan coreFTP

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Instalasi ssh server

#apt-get install ssh

Membuat database wordpress di mysql

#mysql u root p

Enter Password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 35

Server version: 5.0.51a-24 (Debian)

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> create database wordpress;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql>

NB: password di isi dengan password ketika mengintall mysql-server, bukan password root

Mengatur permission direktori

#cd /var/www

#chmod 777 smktelkom

Upload data dengan coreFTP

Jalankan program coreFTP, kemudian atur seperti berikut:

Host / IP / URL : IP server linux

Username : root

Password : password user root

Connection : SSH/SFTP

Port : 22

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Kemudian klik tombol Connect..

Jika sudah terkoneksi arahkan ke direktori web yang ingin di install wordpress, selanjutnya tinggal

mendrag dari sebelah kiri ke kanan.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Installasi Wordpress 3.0

Buka web browser dan ketikan url www.smktelkom.sch.id

Klik tombol Lets go !

Isikan sesuai dengan konfigurasi system Anda

Database Name : wordpress (sesuai dengan database yang dibuat sebelumnya)

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Username : root

Password : di isi dengan password mysql

Database Host : localhost

Table Prefix : wp_

Klik tombol Submit untuk memulai proses instalasi.

Isikan informasi yang di minta di sesuaikan dengan konfigurasi Anda.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Wordpress telah berhasil di install.

Jalankan juga mail.smktelkom.sch.id, jika benar konfigurasi nya maka yang muncul adalah halaman

squirrelmail seperti terlihat pada gambar.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Halaman wwb www.telkom.co.id

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By Arafat, S.Kom

SAMBA SERVER

Sebelum melakukan konfigurasi samba, buat terlebih dahulu user

Buat user untuk samba

#adduser arafat

#passwd arafat

#smbpasswd a arafat

Masukan password untuk user samba, sebaiknya passwordnya berbeda dengan password usernya.

Konfigurasi Samba

#cd /etc/samba

#gedit smb.conf

Potongan file smb.conf

#======================= Global Settings =======================

[global]

## Browsing/Identification ###

# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part

of

workgroup = WORKGROUP

# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field

server string = %h linux server

#### Debugging/Accounting ####

# This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine

# that connects

log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

# Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).

max log size = 1000

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By Arafat, S.Kom

# If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following

# parameter to 'yes'.

# syslog only = no

# We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog.

Everything

# should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log

# through syslog you should set the following parameter to something

higher.

syslog = 0

# Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace

panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d

####### Authentication #######

# "security = user" is always a good idea. This will require a Unix account

# in this server for every user accessing the server. See

# /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/ServerType.html

# in the samba-doc package for details.

security = user

# You may wish to use password encryption. See the section on

# 'encrypt passwords' in the smb.conf(5) manpage before enabling.

encrypt passwords = true

# If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what

# password database type you are using.

passdb backend = tdbsam

obey pam restrictions = yes

# This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix

# password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the

# passdb is changed.

unix password sync = yes

# For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the

following

# parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan

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By Arafat, S.Kom

read only = no

guest ok = yes

available = yes

browsable = yes

writable = yes

#konfigurasi untuk mengunakan security Share

[data2]

path = /home/data

comment = share untuk public

available = yes

browsable = yes

public = yes

writable = no

locking = no

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the

# next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.

# read only = yes

# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to

# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.

create mask = 0700

# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want

to

# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.

directory mask = 0777

# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone

# with access to the samba server.

# The following parameter makes sure that only "username" can connect

# to \\server\username

# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes

# valid users = %S

# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain

Logons

# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)

;[netlogon]

; comment = Network Logon Service

; path = /home/samba/netlogon

; guest ok = yes

; read only = yes

; share modes = no

# Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store

# users profiles (see the "logon path" option above)

# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)

# The path below should be writable by all users so that their

# profile directory may be created the first time they log on

;[profiles]

; comment = Users profiles

; path = /home/samba/profiles

; guest ok = no

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By Arafat, S.Kom

; browseable = no

; create mask = 0600

; directory mask = 0700

[printers]

comment = All Printers

browseable = no

path = /var/spool/samba

printable = yes

guest ok = no

read only = yes

create mask = 0700

# Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable

# printer drivers

[print$]

comment = Printer Drivers

path = /var/lib/samba/printers

browseable = yes

read only = yes

guest ok = no

# Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers.

# You may need to replace 'lpadmin' with the name of the group your

# admin users are members of.

# Please note that you also need to set appropriate Unix permissions

# to the drivers directory for these users to have write rights in it

; write list = root, @lpadmin

# A sample share for sharing your CD-ROM with others.

;[cdrom]

; comment = Samba server's CD-ROM

; read only = yes

; locking = no

; path = /cdrom

; guest ok = yes

# The next two parameters show how to auto-mount a CD-ROM when the

# cdrom share is accesed. For this to work /etc/fstab must contain

# an entry like this:

#

# /dev/scd0 /cdrom iso9660 defaults,noauto,ro,user 0 0

#

# The CD-ROM gets unmounted automatically after the connection to the

#

# If you don't want to use auto-mounting/unmounting make sure the CD

# is mounted on /cdrom

#

; preexec = /bin/mount /cdrom

; postexec = /bin/umount /cdrom

Cek konfigurasi samba apakah ada kesalahan dengan mengetikan perintah:

#testparm

Jika tidak ada pesan error berati konfigurasi samba sudah benar.

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Restart service samba

#/etc/init.d/samba restart

Buka run di windows XP kemudian ketikan \\192.168.1.1

Jika konfigurasi benar seharusnya akan muncul seperti terlihat pada gambar

44


By Arafat, S.Kom

PROXY SERVER

Proxy server berfungsi untuk membuat salinan data yang dibaca dari Internet ke jaringan lokal kita

sehingga jika di lain waktu kita mengakses data yang sama, maka data tersebut akan diambil dari

jaringan lokal kita sehingga akan sangat menghemat bandwith kita ke Internet. Squid adalah proxy

server yang paling stabil dan paling umum digunakan untuk sistem operasi Linux.

Aktifkan IP Forwading nya..

#cd /etc

#gedit sysyctl.conf

Buka tanda pagar pada net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

# Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

kemudian restart konfigurasi networknya



INSTALLASI SQUID

#apt-get install squid

KONFIGURASI SQUID

Langkah berikutnya, carilah perintah berikut :

# ACCESS CONTROLS

# ------------------

Baris perintah berikut ini digunakan untuk mendefinisikan daftar hak akses dalam jaringan anda,

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By Arafat, S.Kom

squid menyebutnya dengan Access Control Lists (ACL). Anda dapat mendefinisikan beberapa ACL

disini.

Dalam bagian access controls ini, carilah baris perintah berikut :

Carilah baris yang berisi perintah berikut :

#Examples:

#acl macaddress arp 09:00:2b:23:45:67

#acl myexample dst_as 1241

#acl password proxy_auth REQUIRED

#acl fileupload req_mime_type -i ^multipart/form-data$

#acl javascript rep_mime_type -i ^application/x-javascript$

#

#Recommended minimum configuration:

acl all src all

acl manager proto cache_object

acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32

acl lan src 192.168.1.0/24

acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8

acl situs url_regex "/etc/squid/blokir.txt"

acl terlarang url_regex -i "/etc/squid/kataterlarang.txt"

#

#good idea to have an "deny all" or "allow all" entry at the end

# of your access lists to avoid potential confusion.

#

#Default:

# http_access deny all

#

#Recommended minimum configuration:

#

# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost

http_access deny situs

http_access deny terlarang

http_access allow lan

http_access allow manager localhost

http_access deny manager

# Only allow purge requests from localhost

http_access allow purge localhost

http_access deny purge

# Deny requests to unknown ports

http_access deny !Safe_ports

# Deny CONNECT to other than SSL ports

http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports

#

# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect

innocent

# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only

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By Arafat, S.Kom

# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user

#http_access deny to_localhost

#

# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS

# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.

# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP

networks

# from where browsing should be allowed

#http_access allow localnet

http_access allow localhost

# And finally deny all other access to this proxy

http_access deny all

tambahkan transparent di baris 1117

# Squid normally listens to port 3128

http_port 3128 transparent

tambahkan visible_hostname di baris 3373

# TAG: cache_effective_group

# If you want Squid to run with a specific GID regardless of

# the group memberships of the effective user then set this

# to the group (or GID) you want Squid to run as. When set

# all other group privileges of the effective user is ignored

# and only this GID is effective. If Squid is not started as

# root the user starting Squid must be member of the specified

# group.

#

#Default:

# none

visible_hostname smktelkom.sch.id

buat file di /etc/squid/kataterlarang.txt

#cd /etc/squid

#gedit kataterlarang.txt

crack

hack

cracker

buat file di /etc/squid/blokir.txt

#cd /etc/squid

#gedit blokir.txt

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Facebook.com

Hacker.org

Cracker.org

Sebelum squid dapat berjalan, anda harus menciptakan direktori swap. Lakukanlah dengan

menjalankan perintah :

#/etc/init.d/squid stop

# squid z

#/etc/init.d/squid start

#squid k reconfigure

KONFIGURASI TRANSPARENT PROXY

Langkah terakhir adalah untuk mengkonfigurasi squid menjadi transparen proxy ketikan perintah

berikut di terminal dengan:

#iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports

3128

Coba buka web yang telah dibuat sebelumnya yang telah terdaftar di blokir.txt dan situsterlarang.txt

Jika konfigurasi sudah benar maka akan muncul seperti pada gambar yang menyatakan bahwa situs

berhasil terblokir :

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By Arafat, S.Kom

Untuk melihat history apa saja web yang pernah dibuka oleh komputer klien maka ketikan perintah

berikut:

#tail -f /var/log/squid/access.log

1290024442.959 11335 192.168.1.2 TCP_MISS/200 2498 GET http://www.smktelkom.sch.id/ -

DIRECT/192.168.1.1 text/html

1290024443.214 253 192.168.1.2 TCP_REFRESH_HIT/304 388 GET http://www.smktelkom.sch.id/wp-

content/themes/twentyten/style.css - DIRECT/192.168.1.1 -


content/themes/twentyten/images/headers/path.jpg - DIRECT/192.168.1.1 -


content/themes/twentyten/images/wordpress.png - DIRECT/192.168.1.1 -

1290024443.350 44 192.168.1.2 TCP_MISS/404 766 GET http://www.smktelkom.sch.id/favicon.ico

- DIRECT/192.168.1.1 text/html

1290024489.758 2 192.168.1.2 TCP_DENIED/403 1432 GET http://www.cracker.org/ - NONE/-

text/html

Server Debian Lenny

Documents

and how to activate

masuk kedalam user root

masukan password user

kom konfigurasi ip address

kom konfigurasi ip address

bak buka file dhcp

cek ip address server

konfigurasi ip address