Sequential segmental analysis

Segmental Approach to congenital heart

diseasesRAMACHANDRA

THREE CARDIAC SEGMENTS

ATRIA VENTRICLEGREAT ARTERIES

Sequential segmental analysis using

Clinical examination

Chest Radiogrghy

12 Lead Electrocardiography

EchocardiographyCardiac position and apex orientation

Atrial arrangement

Atrioventricular connection

Ventriculoarterial connections

Associated malformations and function of segments

HISTORY OF IT

1960

• Richard Van Praagh

• America

1960• Maria Victoria de la Cruz

• Mexico city

1970• Echocardiography brought the term “sequential segmental

analysis”

Background

All hearts can be considered in three segments: the atrial chambers, the ventricular mass and the great arteries. Sequential segmental analysis means to identify the component parts of the heart by their morphology and describe the interconnections in a sequential manner.

ATRIAL ARRANGEMENT

TYPES OF AV CONNECTION

AV VALVES

HAND

Ventricular topology

Ventricular topology describes the spatial relationship of one ventricle to the other. There are two topologic patterns that are mirror images of each other. Right and left hand topology. Right hand topology is the normal pattern. Determination of ventricular topology requires first identification of the morphologic right ventricle. If the palmar surface of right hand can be placed on the septal surface, thumb in the inlet and the fingers toward the outlet and the wrist is at the apex, then this is the right –hand pattern[D-looped]. If only the left hand palm can be placed on the septal surface of the right ventricle in the same manner, then this will be described as left hand topology(L-looped ventricle). Ventricular topology allows analysis of the atrioventricular junction in hearts with isomeric arrangement of atrial appendages

UNIVENTRICULAR HEART

VENTRICULOARTERIAL COMMUNICATION

GREAT ARTERIES TO EACH OTHER

INFUNDIBULUM TO GREAT ARTERIES

External Link

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20300266

http://www.wikiecho.org/wiki/File:Segmental_Analysis2.JPG