Sepration of substances

• 1. WEL COME FRIENDS TO ATTEND PRESENTATION ON SEPRATION OF SUBSTANCES FROM MIXTURE

2. MAANYA GUPTA (CLASS 6TH A)GD GOENKA PS JAMMU 3. INTRODUCTION:A lARGE NUMBER OF SUBSTANCES AVAILABLE IN NATUREARE MIXED WITH CERTAIN OTHER SUBSTANCES. THUS, INORDER TO USE THEM WE SEPARATE THEM BY VARIOUSMETHODS. ON THE SEPARATION OF A MIXTURE, SOME OFITS COMPONENTS MAY BE USEFUL OR ALL COMPONENTSARE USEFUL.EXAMPLE:(1)SEPARATING BUTTER FROM CURD BY CHURNING.(2) SEPARATING TEA LEAVES WITH A STRAINER 4. 1.HANDPICKING: HANDPICKING IS USUALLY DONE TO SEPARATE UNDESIRABLE SUBSTANCES SUCH AS SMALL PEBBLES, DIRT FROM WHEAT, RICE AND PULSES.2.THRESHING: THE PROCESS USED TO SEPARATE GRAIN FROM THE STALKS IS CALLED THRESHING.3.WINNOWING: WINNOWING IS GENERALLY USED BY THE FARMERS TO SEPARATE HUSK FROM GRAIN.4.SIEVING:SEIVING IS USED TO SEPARATE THE COMPONENTS OF A MIXTURE WHICH ARE OF DIFFERENT SIZES. 5. HANDPICKING: HANDPICKING IS USUALLYDONE TO SEPARATE UNDESIRABLESUBSTANCES SUCH AS SMALLPEBBLES, DIRT FROM WHEAT, RICE ANDPULSES. 6. THRESHING: THE PROCESS USED TOSEPARATE GRAIN FROM THE STALKS ISCALLED THRESHING. 7. WINNOWING: WINNOWING IS GENERALLYUSED BY THE FARMERS TO SEPARATEHUSK FROM GRAIN 8. SIEVING:SEIVING IS USED TO SEPARATETHE COMPONENTS OF A MIXTURE WHICHARE OF DIFFERENT SIZES 9. 5. SEDIMENTATION & DECANTATION :THIS METHOD IS BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF DIFFERENT DENSITIES OF THE TWO COMPONENTS OF A MIXTURE .SOLIDS WHICH ARE INSOLUBLE IN WATER & ARE HEAVIER THAN THE OTHER COMPONENTS OF THE MIXTURE CAN BE SEPERATED BY SEDEMENTATION FOLLOWED BY DECANTATION.6. LOADING (INCREASING RATE OF SEDEMENTATION) :THE PROCESS OF INCREASING THE RATE OFSEDIMENTATION IN A SUSPENSION BY ADDINGSOME CHEMICAL TO IT, IS CALLED LOADING. 10. 7.FILTRATION :IT IS THE PROCESS OF SEPARATING INSOLUBLE &SUSPENDED SOLIDS OF VARIOUS SIZES FROM ALIQUID, USING A FILTER . EXAMPLE :1) TO SEPRATE WATER FROM A MIXTURE (SUSPENSION) OF CHALK & WATER.-> SIZE OF THE HOLES IN THE FILTER DEPENDS UPON THE SIZE OF THE PARTICLE S WHICH ARE TO BE REMOVED. 11. 1. EVAPORATION :THIS METHOD IS USED TO SEPARATE DISSOLVED SOLIDS IN LIQUIDS & IS LARGELY USED TO OBTAIN COMMON SALT FROM SEA WATER.EVAPORATION IS THE PROCESS OF CONVERTING LIQUID INTO ITS VAPOURS ,BY HEATING IT BELOW THE BOILING POINT OF THE LIQUID.2. CONDENSATION : IT IS USED TO SEPARATE A LIQUID FROM A SALT SOLUTION. 12. MAANYA GUPTA (CLASS 6TH A)GD GOENKA PS JAMMU