8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
1/30
Monitoring Flood Disaster
Case Study : Jakarta, Indonesia
Tarina Amanawari Budiyanto
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
2/30
What is flood?
Flood is the state of water level when it exceeds the uppermost level
of receiving capacity of the water runway in the land surface aerial
flow or drainage system (Ongkosongo, 2005)
Flood (Inundation) is an overflowing of water on an area normally dry(Websters New World Dictionary 1991)
Flood is a great flow of water; A body of water rising and
overflowing the land (The New Grolier Webster International Dictionary, 1974)
Floods are associated with extremes in rainfall (from tropical storms,
thunderstorms, rainfall, widespread extratropical cyclones, etc.)
(Trenberth, 2005)
Flood is a overflow or inundation that comes from a river or other body of
water and causes or threatens damage (U.S Geolocial Survey, 2011)
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
3/30
Flood is inundation terrain that caused by the increasing of
water volume, due to high rainfall, drainage overflow,
overload dam, etc.
What is flood?
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
4/30
Four kinds of Urban Flooding (Elisabeth, 2010)
Pluvial flooding
Occur as results of rainfall-generated over land flow ponding on the
Urban surface because it overwhelms urban underground drainage systems
and surface watercourses by its high intensity
Coastal flooding
caused by high sea water levels and waves overtopping protection
structure
Fluvial flooding
A result of overflowing of river banks
Combination
Caused by the combination of three kinds of flooding
What is flood?
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
5/30
Jakarta
Traffic jam
Flood Slum area Waste
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
6/30
Low elevation
40 % (24.000 Ha) has
lower
land e
levation than
the ocean tide
Passed 13 river streams
with Java sea as the
estuary
City with the highestpopulation in Indonesia
Java Sea
90,33 % of DKI Jakarta is
built area
Jakarta is divided into 5
regions: North Jakarta,South Jakarta, East
Jakarta, West Jakarta, and
Central Jakarta
Jakarta
Green space
Water stream
Main road
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
7/30
Water Flow Jakarta and Its Vicinity
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
8/30
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
9/30
Upstream area condition (Puncak, Bogor County)
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
10/30
Land use changes in Puncak
1992 2001
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
11/30
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
12/30
Watershed area condition (Cisadane, Banten County)
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
13/30
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
14/30
R
eservoir area condition(Pluit, Jakarta)
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
15/30
River condition (Ciliwung, Jakarta)
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
16/30
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
17/30
History of Flood In Jakarta
Dutch Colonization
The first
time of big
flooding
West Flood
Canal was built
by Dutch
Colony
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
18/30
Th
ese four decade
61
flood
locations
90
flood
locations
159
flood
locations
78
flood
locations
68
flood
locations
In the beginning of year 2012 Jakarta will get a big flood disaster(Purwo, 2010 [in Why Does Jakarta Often Flood?])
History of Flood In Jakarta
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
19/30
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
20/30
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
21/30
In 2050, about 25 % of DKI Jakarta with the width 160 km2 will disappear
(Soesilo, 2008 [in West Flood Canal])
Year 1925
Year 1950
Year 1975
The condition of seawater surface (above land level)
51,19 cm
65,56 cm
79,94 cm
Increase 14,37 cm
Increase 14,38 cm
In 2050 is predicted to be 1,23 m
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
22/30
ResearchQuestion
How is the pattern of flood disaster in 1979, 1992, 1999, 2002, and 2007?
What are the main factors that causes flood disaster in Jakarta?
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
23/30
Literature Review
The points that related to flood in Jakarta:
The percentage of built area
Size of the urban places, physical characteristics of the flood plains, stream,
and drainage area, and the types of urban land use occupying the flood plain
(White, Gilbert F. , 1961)
Decreasing land surface
One of the cause of flood in Jakarta is the decreasing ofland surface that
caused by human exploitation in groundwater (Kompas, 2011)
Decreasing size ofland surface in Jakarta is 1-16 cm / year, that is the bad
news for the future of Jakarta (Habidin, 2011[in Kompas])
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
24/30
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
25/30
Climate Change and Drainage System
Hidrology disaster in Jakarta (Kompas, 2011)1. Damage on watershed
2. Land surface degradation that caused by exploitation of ground water by
human
3. The increasing of surface seawater due to climate change
Climate change predictions increase concern over urban flood risk incities around the world (Wilby, 2007)
Urban flooding can be rapid-onset, often coming from flash floods in
urban rivers or from saturation or blockage of urban drainage systems(McCluskey, 2001)
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
26/30
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
27/30
Hypothesis
Land use changes and puddle
from the ocean tide
are the main causes of floods in Jakarta
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
28/30
Tree of Ideas
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
29/30
References
8/3/2019 Seminar Presentation Tarina Rev
30/30
Thank You