Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016 A SHORT REVIEW ON BASALT FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE A seminar submitted to the University of Calicut In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING By JERIN JOHNSON UEAMECE048 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING UNIVERSAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE Universal Engineering College,Vallivattom.
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Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
A SHORT REVIEW ON BASALT FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
A seminar submitted to the
University of Calicut
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
For the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
By
JERIN JOHNSONUEAMECE048
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE
THRISSUR 680123, KERALA
MARCH 2016
Universal Engineering College,Vallivattom.
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
UNIVERSAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, THRISSUR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATEThis is to certify that the seminar entitled
A SHORT REVIEW ON BASALT FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
Submitted by
JERIN JOHNSON
UEAMECE048
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Degree ofBACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
to the University of Calicut is a record of bonafide work done by her under my supervision and guidance and this work has not been submitted elsewhere for any degree or diploma.
Universal Engineering College,Vallivattom.
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
Mrs. Maya.T.MAssistant ProfessorSeminar GuideDepartment of Civil Engineering
Mr. Jishnu.V.PAssistant ProfessorSeminar CoordinatorDepartment of Civil Engineering
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Dedication and motivation are the two essential ingredients for the success of any endeavor. This seminar report cannot be declared complete without a word of thanks to all those who have contributed immensely to its successful completion.
I would express my sincere gratitude to Mrs. Maya T. M (Assistant Professor) for his guidance and support in realizing this seminar.
I’m indebted to DR. Syed Jalaludeen Shah (Professor and Head, Department of Civil Engineering), Mr. Jishnu V P (Seminar coordinator) for their encouragement in carrying out this seminar and also the facilities provided to me.
I’m deeply grateful to our principal DR. T. P. Ramachandran for providing all the facilities to do this seminar.
I express my deep sense of gratitude to all my friends who were inevitable for the successful presentation of my seminar.
Above all I thank the almighty for bestowing his grace and mercy upon me.
JERIN JOHNSON
UEAMECEO48
Universal Engineering College,Vallivattom.
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
ABSTRACT
Concrete made with Portland cement has certain characteristics; it is relatively strong in
compression but weak in tension and tends to be brittle. These two weaknesses have limited
its use. Another fundamental weakness of concrete is that cracks start to form as soon as
concrete is placed and before it has properly hardened. These cracks are major cause of
weakness in concrete particularly in large onsite applications leading to subsequent fracture
and failure and general lack of durability. The weakness in tension can be overcome by the
use of conventional rod reinforcement and to some extent by the inclusion of a sufficient
volume of certain fibers. Glass, fiber, carbon fibers are commonly used in manufacturing of
reinforcing bars for concrete applications.
This seminar report present the art of knowledge of basalt fiber, it is relatively new material.
Basalt is an igneous rock, which is solidified volcanic lava basalt fiber is a high performance
non-metallic fiber made from basalt rock melted at high temperature. In the last decade,
basalt has emerged as a contender in the fiber reinforcement of composites. Basalt fiber
reinforced concrete offers more characteristics such as light weight, good fire resistance and
strength. In future it is very beneficial for construction industry. Many applications of basalt
fiber are residential, industrial, highway and bridges etc.
Keywords: basalt fiber, concrete, fiber reinforcement of composites,
Universal Engineering College,Vallivattom.
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
5. EFFECT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE OF ADDING BASALT FIBRES OF DIFFERENT LENGTHS AND PROPORTIONS..........................................................10
7. THE ADVANTAGES OF BASALT FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE...............................16
7.1 Physical and technical advantages that can be achieved by adding basalt fiber into concrete structure..........................................................................................................................................16
8. APPLICATIONS OF BASALT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE..........................................17
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
of lubricants and finally winding. Basalt fibers are currently manufactured by heating the
basalt and extruding molten liquid through a die in the shape of fibers, as shown in plant
layout figure. Crushed rock material are charged into bath type melting furnace by a dozing
charger, which is heated using air gas mixture or electrically. Crushed rocks are converted
into melt under temperature 12850c to 14500c in the furnace bath. Molten basalt flows from
furnace to feeder through feeder channel and feeder window communicate to recuperate. The
feeder has a window with a flange connected o slot type bushing and is heated by furnace
waste gases or by electrically.
The melt flows through platinum-rhodium bushing with 200 holes which is heated
electrically. The fibers are drawn from melt under hydrostatic pressure and subsequently
cooled to get hardened filaments.
A sizing liquid with components to impart strand integrity, lubricity and resin compatibility
applied, and then filaments are collected together to form ‘strand’ and forwarded to take up
devices to wound on forming tube.
Fig. 1 Plant layout of basalt fiber formation
(Vishal Pandurang Kumbhar -AGTI’s Dr. Daulatrao Aher College of Engineering, Karad, India” An Overview: Basalt Rock Fibers - New Construction Material”)
1.batch silos: raw material supply,
2. weighing, dosing and mixing,
3. pneumatic transport,
Universal Engineering College,Vallivattom.
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
4. batch box : charging,
5. melting furnace,
6. feeder,
7. bushings, (continuous filament formation),
8. sizing application,
9. draw plate feeder; strand formation,
10. lubricator,
11. automated winder
7. THE ADVANTAGES OF BASALT FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
The impact strength of basalt fiber reinforced concrete increases in about 20 times.
Basalt fiber provide a three-dimensional concrete reinforcement comparing to usual
rebar that provides two-dimensional reinforcement.
Basalt fiber is not liable to galvanic corrosion, comparing to usual rebar that is an
electrical conductor and can have the cathode effect.
Construction time reduces due to the needless to install wire mesh.
The thickness of the concrete layer can be reduced to half.
The fiber can be easily mixed.
The fatigue strength of basalt fiber reinforced concrete increases.
The total cost of the construction work reduces.
Reduces the width of cracks.
You can forget about the difficulties with wire mesh installing.
In reservoirs and underground water channels thickness of concrete cover
significantly reduces, and construction time becomes shorter.
The cost of repairs and maintenance greatly reduces due to fiber reinforced concrete
long life term .
Universal Engineering College,Vallivattom.
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
The need for concrete floors reinforcement is eliminated because of basalt fiber use,
and construction time is cut in half.
7.1 Physical and technical advantages that can be achieved by adding basalt fiber into concrete structure
Low level of micro cracks (up to 90%);
Increased flexural strength (up to 35%)
Increased concrete fatigue strength and resistance (> 400%);
Increased frost resistance (up to 35%)
Increased water tightness (up to 50%);
Increased surface endurance of concrete (up to 70%);
Decreased slivering of corners and edges (up to 90%).
8. APPLICATIONS OF BASALT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETEBasalt-based materials, including basalt roving chopped basalt fibre strands and basalt
composite rebar can be used for enhancing radioactive waste isolation during the storage and
disposal phases and maintaining it during a significant portion of the post-closure phase.
Concrete reinforced with chopped basalt fibre strands has high durability, high abrasion
resistance, high shock resistance, high frost-resistance, high corrosion resistance, and high
water resistance. Another key advantage of basalt fibres is its low cost and its use does not
significantly affect the construction cost of nuclear power facilities. Basalt has high chemical
and thermal stability, good thermal, electrical, and sound insulating properties. Hence, it is
used in fire protection. Basalt has good electrical insulating properties and chemical
resistance, especially in strong alkalis. Hence, basalt composite pipes can be used to transport
corrosive liquids and gases. Field application of basalt fibre reinforcement include concrete
(molding blocks, beams, fire resistant concrete, and pre-stressed concrete), industrial
concrete floors, runways in airports, motorway, industrial floors in shops where heavy
equipment is used, internal reinforcement of tunnels and channels, slope stabilization, repair
and reconstruction of buildings, concrete water channels, fire retardant construction, and
military installations.
Universal Engineering College,Vallivattom.
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
9. CONCLUSIONSThe basalt fiber is now being a popular choice for the material scientist for the replacement
of steel and carbon fiber due to its high rigidity and low elongation or extension at break. Its
supreme tenacity value makes it as a useful reinforcement material in the present and also for
the future era to come.
Universal Engineering College,Vallivattom.
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
REFERENCES1. Kunal Singha-“A Short Review on Basalt Fiber”,(International Journal of Textile Science
Department of Civil Engineering B.Tech. Seminar 2016
ISSN: 2231
6. sami elshafie1, gareth whittleston2-“ a review of the effect of basalt fibre lengths and
proportions on the mechanical properties of concrete”
ijret: international journal of research in engineering and technology eissn: 2319-1163 |
pissn: 2321-7308
7. Tumadhir M., Borhan-“ Thermal and Mechanical Properties of BasaltFibre Reinforced Concrete” World Academy of Science, Engineering and TechnologyInternational Journal of Civil, Environmental, Structural, Construction and Architectural
Engineering Vol:7, No:4, 2013
8. parvez imraan ansari1, rajiv chandak2,”
strength of concrete containing basalt fibre” parvez imraan ansari int. journal of engineering
research and applications www.ijera.com issn : 2248-9622, vol. 5, issue 4, ( part -6) april
2015, pp.13-17 www.ijera.com
9. ranjitsinh k. patil1, d. b. kulkarni2-“
comparative study of effect of basalt, glass and steel fiber on compressive and flexural
strength of concrete” ijret: international journal of research in engineering and technology
eissn: 2319-1163 | pissn: 2321-7308
10. Nihat Morova, “Investigation of usability of basalt fibers in hot mix asphalt concrete”,
Construction and Building Materials vol.47 (2013),175-178
11. C. Colombo, L. Vergani, M. Burman, “Static and fatigue characterisation of new basalt