Seminal Studies 1. You have 5 minutes Work with your assigned group Match the phrases and concepts with the Seminal Studies on the charts on the.

Seminal Studies

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You have 5 minutes Work with your assigned group Match the phrases and concepts with the Seminal

Studies on the charts on the wall.A seminal study is one that shaped the future.

Match Them UpMatch Them Up

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Answer Key  

Largest study of gifted children ever conducted Terman Study

Defined Gifted as including six specific areas Marland Report

Stated that the United States was, "squandering one of its most precious resources- the gifted, talents and high interests of its students."

National Excellence Report

Stated that, "The educational foundations of our society are presently being eroded by a rising tide of mediocrity…" A Nation at Risk

Found that schools were holding back their brightest students A Nation Deceived

Emphasizes high standards and providing opportunities for at-risk students NCLB

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Blackout BingoBlackout Bingo

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IntroductionIntroduction

There is no federal mandate for gifted programs and services in the United States.

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During several periods of American history programs for educating gifted and talented learners were encouraged. Terman’s study during the 1920s began one such period.

U.S. Government Involvement in U.S. Government Involvement in Gifted EducationGifted Education

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Worked on a revision of Alfred Binet’s 1905 scale of intelligence

Developed first IQ test in 1916, Stanford-BinetLaunched a longitudinal study of 1538 gifted

students with IQ scores of 140+ in 1928Dispelled myths about gifted studentsPublished the Genetic Studies of Genius

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Worked with profoundly gifted students, with IQ over 155

Established Speyer School for gifted children in 1936

Published, Children Above 180 IQ, a study of high gifted children in 1942

Pioneer of Gifted EducationPioneer of Gifted EducationLeta HollingworthLeta Hollingworth

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The 1950s and early 1960s was another time when giftedness was valued.

Public launching of Sputnik 1957 Americans felt threatened by Russian space

exploration.Focus on producing excellence

provided a BOOM to gifted education in the United States.

Events that Impacted Events that Impacted Gifted EducationGifted Education

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1965 Elementary and Secondary Education ActCreated support for the development of

model programs and state personnel in gifted education.

1970 Elementary and Secondary Education ActEstablished federal recognition of the need

for the education of gifted and talented children.

Congress Gets into the “Act”Congress Gets into the “Act”

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Established the first definition of gifted in this 1972 report

Defined ‘gifted’ to include six areas:1. General intellect2. Specific academic aptitude3. Creative or Productive thinking4. Leadership Ability5. Visual and performing arts6. Psychomotor ability

Provided a database rationale for educating gifted and talented students.

Report Requested by Congress: Report Requested by Congress: The Marland ReportThe Marland Report

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Original authorization provided $7.9 million to be used for:

Office of Gifted and Talented EducationNational Research Center on the Gifted

and TalentedCompetitive grants

Jacob K Javits Gifted and Talented Jacob K Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act of 1988Students Education Act of 1988

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New definition of gifted:Children and youth with outstanding talent perform or show

the potential for performing at remarkably high levels of accomplishment when compared with others of their age, experience, or environment.

These children and youth exhibit high performance capability in intellectual, creative, and/or artistic areas, possess an unusual leadership capacity, or excel in specific academic fields. They require services or activities not ordinarily provided by the schools.

Outstanding talents are present in children and youth from all cultural groups across all economic strata, and in all areas of human endeavor.

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Brought favorable attention to the national discussion of excellence and equity

Made the case for what was called “quiet crisis in educating talented students”

Crisis evidenced by:Low level of funding (less than .02 out of every

$100 spent on general education students).Inability of regular classroom teachers to challenge

gifted students.Lack of learning opportunities available to

economically disadvantaged and minority children.

National Excellence ReportNational Excellence Report

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Began with great promise as Congress debated the reauthorization of ESEA.Amendments proposed that could have increased the

amount of funding to $15 million.

Interest was rising.Increase in attendance at gifted conferencesIncrease in number of publications about gifted and

talented learnersNew resources became available on the internet

This trend did not continue with the reauthorized ESEA known as No Child Left Behind.

The 21The 21stst Century Century

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Elementary and Secondary Education Act reauthorized as No Child Left Behind (NCLB) of 2002Schools have 12 years to reach proficiencyAim to reach non-proficient students and

move to proficientAll teaching methods must be supported by researchAnnual testing for students in grades 3-8

Interest WanesInterest Wanes

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Schools hold back America’s brightest students.

Describes 18 types of acceleration.Accelerated students consistently outperform

non-accelerated students.Acceleration options have been shown to do

no psychosocial damage to gifted students.

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Nation

Deceived

2004

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Illinois adopts policy statement in April 1987Districts required to work on Comprehensive Plan:

Identify students earlyUse multiple criteriaProvide opportunities in all fundamental areasProfessional development for teachers and

administratorsRequired evaluation plan

Provisions for Gifted and TalentedProvisions for Gifted and TalentedState of IllinoisState of Illinois

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Shortage of funds in Illinois in 2003Categorical gifted grant rolled in to block grant

Districts no longer must designate money specifically for gifted education

All gifted language removed from school code

Provisions for Gifted and TalentedProvisions for Gifted and TalentedState of IllinoisState of Illinois

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Gifted language reinstated in Illinois School Code in 2005

$2 million become available for professional development for classroom teachers for instruction of gifted students in 2008

Response to Intervention (RtI)Enhance the services for special needs studentsCreate tiers of learningProvide tiers for special education and ideally

would include gifted students

Provisions for Gifted and TalentedProvisions for Gifted and TalentedState of IllinoisState of Illinois

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TIER 1TIER 2 TIER 2TIER 3 TIER 3

RtI and DifferentiationUpdated Model 2008

By Penny Choice

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1987- 88 8,700,000 1988-89 9,200,000 +6% 1989-90 9,850,000 +7% 1990-91 9,700,000 -2% 1991-92 10,300,000 +6% 1992-93 17,000,000 +65% 1993-94 17,500,000 +3% 1994-95 19,700,000 +13% 1995-96 19,695,800 - 1996-97 19,695,800 - 1997-98 19,695,800 - 2002-2003 19,000,000 -3.5% 2003-2008 No Funding 2009 2,000,000 2010 ????????

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This website will help. http://www.vote-smart.org/

Another option- a letter to the governor Office of the Governor

207 State HouseSpringfield, IL 62706

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