Semester 2 Review. What is the term for the areas of a nation wherein foreign nations control the resources? Spheres of Influence.

Semester 2 Review

What is the term for the areas of a nation wherein foreign nations

control the resources?

Spheres of Influence

Which Progressive Reform allows voters to remove an elected official

from office?

The Recall

What event sparked the Spanish-American War?

The Sinking of the U.S.S. Maine

Which African-American Progressive Reformer believed in combating racial injustice through direct confrontation?

W.E.B. DuBois

Which President helped the Conservation Movement by doubling the number of national parks and wildlife reserves?

Teddy Roosevelt

What declared that the United States could and would get involved in Latin

America if the U.S. felt it was necessary?

The Roosevelt Corollary (to the Monroe Doctrine)

Which amendment allows voters to propose a new law by collecting

signatures on a petition?

The Initiative

Which President wanted to give America a “Square Deal”?

Theodore Roosevelt

What law was passed in order to break up monopolies and cause economic competition between corporations?

THE SHERMAN ANTI-TRUST ACT

What word best describes politics during the Gilded Age and the

Progressive Era?

CORRUPT

What law led to a reform of the sanitation practices of the food

industry?

THE PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT

What limited Cuba’s right to make treaties and allowed the United States

to intervene in Cuban affairs?

THE PLATT AMENDMENT (TO THE CUBAN CONSTITUTION)

Where was the Spanish – American war primarily fought?

Cuba and the Philippines

What territory did the United States annex primarily for the value of it’s

sugarcane plantations and it’s position as a coaling station?

HAWAII

Using exaggerated, sensational, and often untrue stories to sell

newspapers is called what?

Yellow Journalism

Which Amendment gave women the right to vote?

What book, written by Alfred T. Mahan, argued that the United States needed a

strong navy to protect its interests?

THE INFLUENCE OF SEA POWER UPON HISTORY

Under which economic system are the resources and means of production

owned and operated by the government ?

Socialism

Which nation unknowingly helped Japan become a world power by opening it up

to new technologies and trade ?

The United States

What is the term for the group of reformers who tried to improve society

and solve social problems using government intervention?

The Progressives

What is the term for a nation’s policy of building an empire by founding

colonies or conquering other nations?

IMPERIALISM

What territiories did the United States gain as a result of the

Spanish-American War

CUBA, THE PHILIPPINES, PUERTO RICO, AND GUAM

Before the United States knew about the riches that Alaska possessed, what

negative name did Americans give the purchase of Alaska?

SEWARD’S FOLLY

What is the term for powerful organizations that used both legal and illegal means to get their candidates

elected?

Political machines

What construction project allowed the United States to become a

major world naval power?

The Panama Canal

Foreign involvement in China caused angry Chinese citizens to

revolt during the _____________?

Boxer Rebellion

What is the name of the proposal that all nations should have equal

access to trade with China?

THE OPEN DOOR POLICY

What were the poorly built, overcrowded apartments where many immigrants lived called?

TENEMENTS

What book, by Upton Sinclair, exposed unsanitary food manufacturing practices?

THE JUNGLE

What stated that the United States had no interest in controlling

Cuba?

THE TELLER AMENDMENT

Progressive Reformers who tried to restrict the consumption of alcoholic beverages were part of the ________

Movement.

TEMPERANCE

Who did President Woodrow Wilson send into Mexico in an

attempt to capture Pancho Villa?

GENERAL JOHN J. PERSHING

What is the term for journalists who exposed the problems and

corruption in society?

MUCKRAKERS

What is the name of the aid organizations set up by immigrants

in order to help immigrants?

Benevolent Socities/Associations

The regiment of volunteer soldiers led by Teddy Roosevelt during the Spanish-

American war was named what?

The Rough Riders

Which economic system allows private businesses to run most industries and competition to determine the price of

goods and services?

CAPITALISM

The foreign policy strategy of replacing military persuasion with economic

persuasion is known as what?

DOLLAR DIPLOMACY

What is the term for a national policy of avoiding involvement in

the affairs of other countries

ISOLATIONISM

Which African-American Progressive Reformer believed in combating racial

injustice by improving the educational and economic well-being of African-Americans?

BOOKER T. WASHINGTON

What tragedy, in which 146 workers were killed in a fire, resulted in the passage of laws improving factory safety standards?

THE TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST FIRE

Which amendment banned the production, sale, and transportation of

alcoholic beverages?

18th Amendment

Which Progressive reform allowed voters to directly approve or reject

a new law?

THE REFERENDUM

Imperialism is sparked by the desire of nations to obtain what?

RAW MATERIALS

Which Progressive Reformer is famous for his book How the Other Half Lives and also

for using photography to illustrate urban poverty?

JACOB RIIS

What does nationalism mean?

Intense devotion to one’s own nation

What was the spark that started WWI in Europe?

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Which of the following best describes

TRENCH WARFARE?

Defending a position by

occupying deep ditches

Why did the German strategy, the SCHLEIFFEN plan fail?

The Germans underestimated Belgium and Russia.

What finally brought the U.S. into World War I?

The discovery of the Zimmerman Telegram

What was “U-Boat” warfare?

German submarines attacking both neutral AND military ships.

What were victory gardens and why did Americans grow them?

Gardens planted by people at their homes so more food could go to the

soldiers on the frontlines.

How did women personally participate in the war effort in

Europe?

They risked their lives working as nurses, ambulance drivers, etc.

What was the purpose of the Espionage Act or the Sedition Act?

They were passed to keep Americans from saying negative things about the

war.

What amendment did the Espionage Act and the Sedition Act

break?

1st Amendment – Freedom of Speech

What is this called?

Propaganda

Who was the commanding general of the American forces in World

War I?

General John J. Pershing

What was the official name of the U.S. troops during World War I?

American Expeditionary Force

What was Meatless Monday and Wheatless Wednesday?

Efforts by the government to encourage people to save food during the War

Why did American troops make such a difference when they arrived

in Europe?

They were fresh and enthusiastic…and there were a lot of them!

What were Liberty Bonds?

“Loans” from the people to help raise money for the Allied war effort in

Europe.

What made Russia withdraw from the war?

The Bolshevik revolution caused instability in Russia.

A system in which the government owns all public and private property

is called:

Communism

Who was the one who came up with the idea for having a League

of Nations?

Woodrow Wilson

Who was excluded from the League of Nations?

Germany

Why didn’t many people accept Wilson’s 14 Point Peace Plan

They felt it should focus more on punishing Germany, not on trying to

prevent another war

Why didn’t the U.S. Congress agree to sign the Treaty of

Versailles?

They didn’t want to have to join the League of Nations and be dragged into

another war.

What was the war like when American soldiers arrived in 1918?

Fighting was at a STALEMATE

Why do historians claim that the Treaty of Versailles helped cause

World War 2?

The punishments on Germany were just too harsh.

Why were the Roaring 20’s called “Roaring”?

The attitude was optimistic and adventurous. People tested limits on stock market, dare-

devil stunts and with traditions.

What did investors do when they panicked over falling prices in the stock market in October 1929?

Sold off all their stock, causing the market to crash.

Does high debt and several loans make people MORE confident? Or

LESS confident?

Less! Afraid they wouldn’t be able to pay off their loans, it made them panic

even more when the stock market started falling.

What was the economic downturn that lasted more than 10 years

called?

The Great Depression

What does “buying on margin” mean when it comes to the stock

market?

Buying stocks on CREDIT.

What happened when banks ran out of money?

The banking system collapsed, which caused a crisis in

business as well.

Who did Hoover believe should lead the relief effort?

Private individuals and institutions; not the government.

Demonstrate a “Hoover Flag”

We know that banking policies were “unsound” which helped cause the Great Depression. What does “unsound” mean?

Faulty, foolish or unsafe.

The Emergency Banking Act allowed shut down all banks, and

then allowed which banks to reopen?

Only healthy ones.

Why did some people criticize the New Deal?

They felt it gave the president too much authority and power

over the people.

Which group of people suffered most from the Dust

Bowl?

Farmers

The Civilian Conservation Corps hired men to do

what?

Plant trees and work on federal forests projects.

The program that corrected the abuses in the Stock

Market was:

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

The Work Projects Administration (WPA) hired

writers to do what?

Interview Americans in order to keep a record of the Great

Depression .

The Social Security Act provides money for who?

The elderly (retirees) and people living in poverty.

Who gets taxed in order to pay for Social Security?

Employees from their paychecks and Employers

How did Roosevelt reach out to the people to convince them banks were safe to invest in

again?

Fireside Chats over the radio

Ultimately, what caused the end of the Great Depression?

The U.S. entrance into World War 2.