Semantic web

SEMANTIC WEBFuture Internet

A. SATYA KARTHIK10071A0501

CSE , VNRVJIET

04/10/2023 SEMANTIC WEB 2

INTRODUCTION

0 Semantic web is a collaborative movement lead by world wide web consortium

0 Aims to develop a “web of data”

0 It is build on the w3c’s Resource Description Framework

0 Standard definition coined by Tim Berners Lee

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PURPOSE

0 Enables user to find, share and combine information more easily

0 Finding, combining and acting upon information on web by machines

0 Understanding the requirements of the based upon the semantically structured web

0 Tim Berners-Lee’s vision for a semantic web

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Limitations of HTML

0 Used to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics

0 Provides a way to categorize the content on the web pages through metadata tags

0 Example: <meta name="author" content="John Doe" />

0 Extending HTML syntax to create machine readable semantic markup

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Solutions

0 Languages like RDF, OWL, XML

0 Non semantic web page: <item>blog</item>

0 Semantic web page: <item rdf:about="http://example.org/semantic-

web/">Semantic Web</item>

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Challenges

0 Vastness

0 Vagueness

0 Uncertainty

0 Inconsistency

0 Deceit

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Architecture

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URI

0 URI is a string of characters used to identify a name of a web resource

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XML AND RDF

0 XML: A markup language used to define a set of rules for encoding documents

0 RDF: A metadata model used for conceptual description of information

SUBJECT OBJECTPREDICATE

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RDFS

0 Intended to structure RDF resources

0 Classes:rdfs:Resource,rdfs:Class, rdfs:Literal 

0 Properties:rdfs:domain,rdfs:subClassOf rdfs:subPropertyOf

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SPARQL & RIF

0 SPARQL is an RDF query language PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> SELECT ?name ?email WHERE { ?person a foaf: Person. ?person foaf: name ?name. ?

person foaf: mbox ?email. }

0 RIF is used to exchange rules between the resources

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Projects

DBpedia:0 Aiming to extract structured information

0 Allows users to query relationships and properties associated with information

FOAF:0 Describes the relationships people have to other people

0 connects people based on their jobs and the items important to their lives

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Examples

0 Facebook Graph0 Google Knowledge Graph

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PROS & CONSPROS:0 Personlisation

0 Artificial Intelligence

0 Mobility

0 The Semantic Web

0 User friendly

CONS:0 Since it is a distributional model, so might not be an efficient representation

0 An Expertise is required to develop

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Disadvantages

0 Since it is a distributional model, so might not be an efficient representation

0 An Expertise is required to develop

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Conclusion

0 Human has to define the concepts, things and events

0 Even though the vision is far away but the important steps are achieved such as RDF and OWL

0 There are much to be fulfilled as the knowledge on the web is vast