Selecting the Proper Coating/Lining System Kevin Morris Market Director Water & Wastewater Sherwin-Williams.

Selecting the Proper Coating/Lining System

Kevin Morris

Market Director Water & Wastewater

Sherwin-Williams

Learning Objectives

• Primary substrates for application

• Protection mechanisms

• Selecting the proper surface preparation based on the selected system and substrate

• Proper selection of the system.

Primary Substrates

• Steel– Carbon Steel – Easily attacked by the environment in

which it is placed and will begin to revert back to iron ore.

– Stainless Steel - Stainless steel does not stain, corrode, or rust as easily as ordinary steel.

• Concrete– Concrete - used more than any other man-made

material in the world and is easily attacked when placed in chemical environments.

Protection Mechanisms

• Barrier Protection– The coating/lining isolates the electrolyte from the

anode, cathode, and metallic pathway.

• Rust Inhibitive– The slightly water-soluble pigments permeate to

steel/coating interface and passivate the substrate.

• Sacrificial– The coating/lining contains pigments that are more

active than the metal and sacrifice themselves to protect the substrate.

System Selection

• System selection for coatings/linings is not as simple as providing a coating that will resist a given commodity and

• System selection must consider a multitude of factors for a successful application.

System Selection(Factors to Consider)

Steel• Commodity (Name, CAS

#, Percentage)• Storage Temperature • Movement / Flexibility• Type of Structure• Location and Use of

Structure • Agitation (% of Suspended

Solids)• Design (Welded, Bolted or

Riveted)• Inaccessible Areas• New Construction, Repaint

or Structural Repairs

Concrete• Commodity (Name, CAS #,

Percentage)• Storage Temperature • Location and Use of Structure• Type of Traffic (Foot, Cart or

Vehicular)• Agitation (% of Suspended

Solids)• Mix Design, Placement and

Finishing• Joints, Cracks,Vapor Barriers,

etc.• New Construction or

Rehabilitation

System Selection(Factors to Consider)

Do any of these place restrictions on system selection for Steel and Concrete?

– The reason for coating?– Allowable methods of Surface Preparation– Regulations– What else?

Surface Preparation Affects on System Selection

• SSPC-SP 1 “Solvent Cleaning”• SSPC-SP 2 “Hand Tool Cleaning”• SSPC-SP 3 “Power Tool Cleaning”• SSPC-SP 11 “ Power Tool Cleaning to Bare

Metal”• SSPC-SP 7/NACE No. 4 “Brush-Off Blast

Cleaning”• SSPC-SP 6/NACE No. 3 “Commercial Blast

Cleaning”


• SSPC-SP 10/NACE No. 2 “Near White Metal Blast Cleaning”

• SSPC-SP 5/NACE No. 1 “White Metal Blast Cleaning”

• SSPC-SP 12/NACE No. 5 “Surface Preparation and Cleaning of Metals by Waterjetting Prior to Coating”

• SSPC-SP 13/NACE No. 6 “Surface Preparation of Concrete”

Surface Preparation Affects in System Selection

• ICRI Guideline No. 310.2, “Selecting and Specifying Concrete Surface Preparation for Sealers, Coatings and Polymer Overlays”


• When specifying surface cleanliness it should be noted that surface profile is as important.

• Surface profile promotes mechanical bond of the coating/lining system to the substrate.– Steel (This is commonly specified in mils)

– Concrete (This is commonly specified as a CSP (1-9) “Concrete Surface Profile”)


The greater the DFT the greater the Surface Profile



The greater the DFT the greater the Surface ProfileThe greater the DFT the greater the Surface Profile





• Minimum DFT’s to fill surface profiles:– CSP 1 = 13.5 mils +/- 2.5 mils– CSP 2 = 16 mils +/- 2.5 mils– CSP 3 = 19 mils +/- 2.5 mils– CSP 4 = 25 mils +/- 2.5 mils– CSP 5 = 33 mils +/- 2.5 mils– CSP 6 = 63 mils +/- 2.5 mils– CSP 7 = 87.5 mils +/- 5 mils– CSP 8 = 105 mils +/- 5 mils– CSP 9 = 107 mils +/- 5 mils

Epoxies

• Epoxies are two component products consisting of an epoxy resin which is cross-linked with a co-reactant or hardener. Epoxy coatings are formulated based upon the performance requirements of the end product. When properly catalyzed and applied, epoxies produce a hard, chemical and solvent resistant finish. They are typically used on concrete and steel to give resistance to water, alkali and acids.

Aliphatic Polyurethanes

• Atmospheric Service

• Good Chemical & Solvent Resistance

• Good Flexibility

• Excellent Color and Gloss Retention

• Excellent Abrasion Resistant

• Low Temperature Application

Aromatic Polyurethanes

• Atmospheric and Immersion Service



• Good Abrasion Resistant

• Good Film Build

• Low Temperature Applications

Fluoropolymers




• Ultimate Color and Gloss Retention

• Excellent Abrasion Resistance

Polysiloxanes




• Excellent Color and Gloss Retention


Acrylics


• Fair Chemical & Solvent Resistance


• Good Color and Gloss Retention

• Good Abrasion Resistance

Alkyds


• Fair/Poor Chemical & Solvent Resistance


• Fair/Poor Color and Gloss Retention


Zincs


• Poor Resistance to Alkali and Acidic Environments

• Excellent Corrosion Protection

• Some Formulations – Shop Applications Only

Polyureas


• Fair Chemical & Solvent Resistance

• Ultimate Flexibility

• Ultimate Abrasion Resistance

• Excellent Film Build

• Low Temperature Applications

Novolac/Phenolic Epoxies


• Excellent Chemical & Solvent Resistance

• Fair/Poor Flexibility


• Good Film Build

• May require heat curing

Vinyl Esters / Polyesters


• Excellent Chemical & Solvent Resistance

• Fair Flexibility

• Good Abrasion Resistance

• Fast Cure

• Min Cure Temps Required

Thin Film Coatings/Linings• Generally systems up to 20 mils DFT designed for

corrosion protection of concrete and steel from immersion and atmospheric exposure.

• Do not tolerate abrasive conditions (high solids, agitation, turbulent flow)

• Least expensive alternative (price sensitivity) • Usually spray applied, simple equipment• Difficult to cover rough concrete

Thin Film Systems

Medium Film Coatings/Linings

• Generally are systems from 20 to 40 mils DFT designed for the protection of concrete and steel from more harsh environments in immersion and secondary containment

• Will tolerate moderate abrasion from turbulent flow and low solids cargo

• Used for containment areas with pedestrian and light vehicular traffic, trenches and sumps

• Highest permeation resistance per mil

Medium Film Coatings/Linings

Laminate Linings

• Generally are 55 to 120 mil dft systems designed for the corrosion protection of concrete and steel in immersion conditions, secondary containment, and steel tank bottom renewal.

• Single or double Laminate• Will tolerate moderate solids, agitation and

turbulent flow • Limited crack bridging capability

Laminate Lining Systems

Mortar Systems

• Generally are 125 to 250 mil dft systems

designed for the protection of concrete in more

harsh environments and tolerate moderate to

heavy industrial traffic

• Good thermal shock resistance

• Improved wear resistance

• Skilled mechanics required for installation

Mortar Systems

Self-Leveling Mortar Systems

• Generally are 70 to 125 mils dft designed for the corrosion protection of concrete in more harsh environments and can include a broadcast aggregate for a textured finish.

• Easiest mortar system to install• Vertical applications will require modifications to

eliminate the self-leveling properties• Good wear resistance• Limited thermal shock resistance

Self-Leveling Mortar System

Mortar Laminate Systems

• Generally are 90 to 125 mil dft systems designed

for the corrosion protection of concrete and steel

in immersion and secondary containment

• Will tolerate turbulent flow and agitation

• Good permeation resistance


• Requires skill and experience

Mortar Laminate Systems

Heavy Duty Mortar Laminate Lining Systems

• Generally are 125 to 190 mil dft systems designed

for the protection of concrete and steel in

immersion and secondary containment.

• Best for high solids, agitation, and turbulent flow

• Good permeation resistance


• Highest cost, most skill required

Heavy Duty Mortar Laminate Lining Systems

Flexible Coating/Lining Systems

• Generally 25 to 125 mil dft systems designed for the corrosion protection of steel, concrete, and masonry in atmospheric or immersion conditions.

• High thermal shock resistance• High crack bridging capability• Relatively easy to install at a moderate price range

Flexible Coating and Lining Systems

Flexible Basecoat Laminate Systems

• Generally are 45-65 mil dft systems designed to be installed prior to the application of a topping system for crack bridging capability in atmospheric exposure on concrete.

• Highest thermal shock resistance• Highest crack bridging capability• Most versatile

Flexible Basecoat Laminate System

Technologies That Improve Performance

Crystals ofMIO arefracturedinto thinflakes.

Flakesthenalign inparallelfashion.

Technologies That Improve Performance

White LightInspection

FluorescentInspection

Topcoat Holiday:Blue crescent is prime coat fluorescence.

Thank You!

Any Questions

Selecting the Proper Coating/Lining System Kevin Morris Market Director Water & Wastewater Sherwin-Williams.

Documents

concrete surface preparation

mils csp

concrete surface profile

mils concrete

system selection sspcsp

proper surface preparation

system selection factors

surface profiles